Vegetation of the Earth in Relation to Climate and the Eco-physiological Conditions PDF Download
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Author: Heinrich Walter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Descriptions of kinds of zonal vegetation into which eco-physiological data must fit. Includes chapters on the arctic tundra, boreal coniferous forest, and alpine vegetation zones.
Author: Heinrich Walter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Descriptions of kinds of zonal vegetation into which eco-physiological data must fit. Includes chapters on the arctic tundra, boreal coniferous forest, and alpine vegetation zones.
Author: Heinrich Walter
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468404687
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
Phytomass and Primary Production of the Various Vegetational Zones and of the Entire Biosphere The biosphere is that thin layer at the earth's surface in which living organisms exist and biological cycling takes place. It includes the upper horizons of the soil in which plants root, the atmosphere near the ground, (insofar as organisms penetrate this space), and all the surface waters. More than 99% of the earth's biomass is phytomass, to which we shall limit our discussion. Amounts of phytomass are distinctly related to vegeta tional zones. Because accurate determination of phytomass and primary production is difficult, only gross estimates have been available until recently. However, in 1970, Bazilevich et al. published (in Russian) more accurate calculations, based on the rapidly accumulating literature, for the various thermal zones and bioclimatic regions of the earth. These authors calculated mean phyto mass and mean annual primary production for the various regions as dry mass (in tons) per hectare. On the basis of measurements of the areas covered by the individual regions, excluding rivers, lakes, glaciers, and permanent snow, total phytomass and total annual primary production for the various regions were obtained (see table). The sum of these figures is the phytomass and annual production of the land surface of the earth. In addition, the table gives corresponding data for the waters of the earth. The values involved are potential i. e. , they are based on natural vegetation uninfluenced by man.
Author: H. Walter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
Author: Paul E. Lydolph
Publisher: Government Institutes
ISBN: 9780865981195
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
To find more information about Rowman and Littlefield titles, please visit www.rowmanlittlefield.com.
Author: David John Briggs
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 9780847675203
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 570
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Book Description
This primary text, designed for undergraduate courses, provides a modern approach to the fundamentals of physical geography by linking process, form, and effect. The authors explore the natural world as a series of systems and consider the relationship between the different components of each. They examine, in turn, the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, providing a thorough discussion of their composition and the ways in which their interaction forms our global environment. Throughout, the authors demonstrate the role of humanity in influencing the physical environment and the ways in which we are affected by our surroundings. Clearly written and lavishly illustrated with maps, drawings, photographs, and charts, Fundamentals of Physical Geography is an ideal text.
Author: Richard Huggett
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134882955
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 341
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Book Description
Animals, plants and soils interact with one another, with the terrestrial spheres, and with the rest of the Cosmos. On land, this rich interaction creates landscape systems or geoecosystems. Geoecology investigates the structure and function of geoecosystems, their components and their environment. The author develops a simple dynamic systems model, the `brash' equation, to form the conceptual framework for the book suggesting an `ecological' and `evolutionary' approach. Exploring internal of `ecological' interactions between geoecosystems and their near-surface environments - the atmosphere, hydrosphere, toposhere, and lithosphere - and external influences, both geological and cosmic, Geoecology presents geoecosystems as dynamic entities constantly responding to changes within themselves and their surroundings. An `evolutionary' view emerges of geoecological systems, and the animals, plants, and soils comprising them, providing a new way of thinking for the whole environmental complex and the rich web of interdependencies contained therein.
Author: F.J. Kruger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642689353
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 566
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Book Description
The theory of ecological convergence underlies the biogeographers' maps of world biome-types. It also determines the degree to which ecological principles, derived from research on particular populations, communities or ecosystems, are generally valid, and hence also to what extent resource management principles are general. To quote Di Castri and Mooney (1973): "In effect, in order to assess the transfer of technology, it is essential to know to what extent information acquired from studying one particular ecosystem is applicable to another ecosystem of the same type but situated in a different location. " The five relatively small, isolated, mediterranean-climate zones of the earth, each with its distinct fauna and flora, have provided the ideal testing grounds for this theory. A heritage of precisely focused ecosystems research has resulted, beginning with the international comparative analyses conducted by Specht (l969a, b) but with antecedents in earlier studies in South Australia (Specht and Rayson 1957, Specht 1973). Cody and Mooney (1978) reviewed the information available at the time for the four zones excepting Australia and concluded that the arrays of strategy-types to be found among the different biotas were so similar that they could be explained only in terms of the convergence hypothesis; nevertheless, evident differences in community organization and dynamics, especially phenol ogy, required closer study of resource availability and resource-use patterns to better explain relations between form and function overall, and to assess the degree of convergence at higher levels of organization than the population.
Author: G. W. Brown
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483216632
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 622
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Book Description
Desert Biology: Special Topics on the Physical and Biological Aspects of Arid Regions, Volume II records the conditions and life in the arid regions of the world. This book discusses the hydrogeology of arid regions, desert soil surfaces and classes, and physical and vegetational aspects of the Sahara Desert. The Piman Indians of the Sonoran Desert, approach to the water relations of desert plants, desert arthropods, and aquatic environments of deserts are also considered. Other topics include the artificial changes in the hydrogeology of deserts, soils of individual world deserts, rainfall and water supply of desert plants, and ecological plant types in arid regions. The hydrature in true xerophytes, chloride accumulation in halophytes, and biological response to desert water conditions are likewise covered in this publication. This volume is recommended for researchers and specialists interested in the hot, dry regions of the planet.
Author: Zev Naveh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475723318
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Book Description
In the preface to the softcover edition of this book in 1989, we stated: Since the publication of the first edition of this book, landscape ecology has made great strides. It has overcome its continental isolation and has also established itself in the English-speaking world. By attracting both problem inquiry and problem-solving-oriented scientists with different cultural, academic, and profes sional backgrounds from all over the world, it has broadened not only its geo graphical but also its conceptual and methodological scopes. We are pleased to confirm in 1993 that the growth of landscape ecology continues, and to again express our gratification at the encouraging re sponse to this first English-language monograph on the subject and its contribution to these developments. As before, we feel special satisfac tion that it has reached not only the shelves of libraries and academic re searchers, but that it has also appealed to professional practitioners, teachers, and their students from industrialized and developing countries, embracing the broad range of fields related to landscape ecology in the natural sciences as well as in the humanities.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
