Varieties of Alternatives

Varieties of Alternatives PDF Author: Mingming Liu
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811062080
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 174

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Book Description
This book concerns two focus particles (jiu, dou) and wh-expressions (shenme = ‘what’, na geren = ‘which person’) in Mandarin Chinese. These items are systematically ‘ambiguous’ and have played important roles in various aspects of Mandarin grammar. An idea based on alternatives and varieties of alternatives in particular – following Chierchia’s 2013 analysis of the polarity system – is pursued to account for the systematic ambiguities. The unambiguous semantics of jiu, dou and wh-expressions are maintained and ‘ambiguity’ explained through varieties of alternatives interacting with other independently motivated aspects of the structure they occur in. By examining these aspects in detail, the book will help readers gain a better understanding of a broad range of phenomena that involve these items – including exhaustivity, distributivity, questions and conditionals.

Varieties of Alternatives

Varieties of Alternatives PDF Author: Mingming Liu
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811062080
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 174

Get Book

Book Description
This book concerns two focus particles (jiu, dou) and wh-expressions (shenme = ‘what’, na geren = ‘which person’) in Mandarin Chinese. These items are systematically ‘ambiguous’ and have played important roles in various aspects of Mandarin grammar. An idea based on alternatives and varieties of alternatives in particular – following Chierchia’s 2013 analysis of the polarity system – is pursued to account for the systematic ambiguities. The unambiguous semantics of jiu, dou and wh-expressions are maintained and ‘ambiguity’ explained through varieties of alternatives interacting with other independently motivated aspects of the structure they occur in. By examining these aspects in detail, the book will help readers gain a better understanding of a broad range of phenomena that involve these items – including exhaustivity, distributivity, questions and conditionals.

Varieties and Alternatives of Catching-up

Varieties and Alternatives of Catching-up PDF Author: Yukihito Sato
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137597801
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 314

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Book Description
This book sheds new light on the advancement of various industries in developing Asian countries through an application and re-examination of catch-up industrialization theory. With contributors presenting their own perspectives on the progression of a range of different industries in Asia, this volume provokes readers to reconsider their current understanding of industrialization in latecomer countries. More specifically, the chapters discuss Taiwan's semiconductor industry, Korea's steel industry, and Malaysia's palm oil industry, amongst others. The authors also explore the 'catch-down' innovation strategy in China and India. Varieties and Alternatives of Catching-up provides a thorough analysis of the strategies employed by numerous Asian countries to radically transform their low-income agricultural economies to middle-income industrialized ones. This book is essential reading for researchers and scholars interested in Asian economic development.

Varieties of Alternative Economic Systems

Varieties of Alternative Economic Systems PDF Author: Richard Westra
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1315397331
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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Book Description
In this age of overlapping and mutually reinforcing deep global crises (financial convulsions, global warming, mass migrations, militarism, inequality, selfish nation-states, etc.), there needs to be more realistic dialogue about radical alternatives to the status quo. Most literature produced heretofore has focused on the surface causes of these crises without much attention given to the sorts of major societal changes needed in order to deal with the crises we face. This book moves the debate beyond the critiques and the false or not fully realised alternatives, to focus on what can be termed "practical utopias". The contributors to this book outline a range of practical proposals for constructing pathways out of the global economic, ecological and social crisis. Varieties of Alternative Economic Systems eschews a single blueprint but insists on dealing directly with the deep structural problems and contradictions of contemporary global capitalism. It provides a diverse array of complementary proposals and perspectives that can inform both theoretical thinking and practical action. This volume will be of interest to academics and students who study political science, ecological economics, international politics and socialism.

Alternatives to Athens

Alternatives to Athens PDF Author: Roger Brock
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780199258109
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 420

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Book Description
This volume contains eighteen essays by established and younger historians that examine non-democratic alternative political systems and ideologies--oligarchies, monarchies, mixed constitutions--along with diverse forms of communal and regional associations such as ethnoi, amphiktyonies, and confederacies. The papers, which span the length and breadth of the Hellenic world highlight the immense political flexibility and diversity of ancient Greek civilization.

Trans Fat Alternative

Trans Fat Alternative PDF Author: Dharma R. Kodali
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439822301
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 150

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Book Description
Responding to government regulations that require declaration of the amount of trans fat present in foods, Trans Fats Alternatives provides cutting-edge research and insights into this major industry issue. With contributions from major fats and oils suppliers, including Aarhus, ADM, Bunge, Cargill, Loders Croklaan, and Premium Vegetable Oils, the book covers the new regulations in detail, includes methods to analyze for trans fat, explores consumer reaction to trans fat labeling, discusses the nutrition facts, and supplies approaches to trans fat replacement/reformulation. It an indispensable guide for everyone who is interested in trans fats.

Alternatives

Alternatives PDF Author: Robert Adams
Publisher: Baen Books
ISBN: 9780671698188
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description
Science fiction comes home with a volume of stories that twist history for a more alternative picture. Camelot becomes real, Constantinople falls seven centuries earlier, and the Constitution is never ratified . . . Earth as it could have been!

Marx's Concept of the Alternative to Capitalism

Marx's Concept of the Alternative to Capitalism PDF Author: Peter Hudis
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004229868
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 249

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Book Description
In contrast to the traditional view that Marx's work is restricted to a critique of capitalism and does not contain a detailed or coherent conception of its alternative, this book shows, through an analysis of his published and unpublished writings, that Marx was committed to a specific concept of a post-capitalist society that informed his critique of value production, alienated labor and capitalist accumulation. Instead of focusing on the present with only a passing reference to the future, Marx's emphasis on capitalism's tendency towards dissolution is rooted in a specific conception of what should replace it. In critically re-examining that conception, this book addresses the quest for an alternative to capitalism that has taken on increased importance today.

Native Alternatives to Invasive Plants

Native Alternatives to Invasive Plants PDF Author: C. Colston Burrell
Publisher: Brooklyn Botanical Gardens
ISBN: 9781889538747
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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Book Description
Na s. tyt.: "This book is dedicated to Judith D. Zuk, president emeritus of Brooklyn Botanic Garden, whose leadership made the Garden's pioneering books on invasive plants possible".

Alternative Globalizations

Alternative Globalizations PDF Author: James Mark
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 025304653X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 352

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Book Description
Globalization has become synonymous with the seemingly unfettered spread of capitalist multinationals, but this focus on the West and western economies ignores the wide variety of globalizing projects that sprang up in the socialist world as a consequence of the end of the European empires. This collection is the first to explore alternative forms of globalization across the socialist world during the Cold War. Gathering the work of established and upcoming scholars of the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and China, Alternative Globalizations addresses the new relationships and interconnections which emerged between a decolonizing world in the postwar period and an increasingly internationalist eastern bloc after the death of Stalin. In many cases, the legacies of these former globalizing impulses from the socialist world still exist today. Divided into four sections, the works gathered examine the economic, political, developmental, and cultural aspects of this exchange. In doing so, the authors break new ground in exploring this understudied history of globalization and provide a multifaceted study of an increasing postwar interconnectedness across a socialist world.

Alternatives to Animal Testing

Alternatives to Animal Testing PDF Author: Hajime Kojima
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811324476
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 130

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Book Description
This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.