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Author: Jerry Meyerle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Asymmetric warfare
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Since Pakistan s creation in 1947, the country s leaders have relied on Islamic guerrillas as a low-cost, high-return means of achieving strategic objectives. Religious militants of varying persuasions developed an enormous infrastructure across Pakistan, as a result of state patronage and a permissive environment. The Pakistani government intended them in part to serve as a third line of defense against India and as a source of leverage and regional influence. The jihadis, as they are often called in Pakistan, defeated the Soviet army in Afghanistan in the 1980s, helped ensure a compliant government in Afghanistan during the late 1990s, pushed Pakistan s claims to the disputed state of Kashmir, and tied down hundreds of thousands of Indian troops for almost two decades. Few militaries in history have engaged in unconventional warfare i.e., covert support to non-state militant groups against the security forces of other countries for so long, on such a large scale, and so close to home. In the last ten years Pakistani leaders have reconsidered this policy and moved to shut down large parts of the jihadi infrastructure. They have done this gradually some might say reluctantly and only partially as a result of intense U.S. pressure, the development and spread of a Taliban-inspired insurgency against the Pakistani state, and growing terrorist attacks in major Pakistani cities. The Pakistani military has launched numerous operations along its frontier with Afghanistan and cracked down on a number of militant groups in the country s heartland. Thousands of soldiers and paramilitaries have been killed in these operations. These efforts have considerably weakened the Taliban-inspired insurgency in Pakistan, yet it remains a potent force."--Introduction.
Author: Jerry Meyerle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Asymmetric warfare
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Since Pakistan s creation in 1947, the country s leaders have relied on Islamic guerrillas as a low-cost, high-return means of achieving strategic objectives. Religious militants of varying persuasions developed an enormous infrastructure across Pakistan, as a result of state patronage and a permissive environment. The Pakistani government intended them in part to serve as a third line of defense against India and as a source of leverage and regional influence. The jihadis, as they are often called in Pakistan, defeated the Soviet army in Afghanistan in the 1980s, helped ensure a compliant government in Afghanistan during the late 1990s, pushed Pakistan s claims to the disputed state of Kashmir, and tied down hundreds of thousands of Indian troops for almost two decades. Few militaries in history have engaged in unconventional warfare i.e., covert support to non-state militant groups against the security forces of other countries for so long, on such a large scale, and so close to home. In the last ten years Pakistani leaders have reconsidered this policy and moved to shut down large parts of the jihadi infrastructure. They have done this gradually some might say reluctantly and only partially as a result of intense U.S. pressure, the development and spread of a Taliban-inspired insurgency against the Pakistani state, and growing terrorist attacks in major Pakistani cities. The Pakistani military has launched numerous operations along its frontier with Afghanistan and cracked down on a number of militant groups in the country s heartland. Thousands of soldiers and paramilitaries have been killed in these operations. These efforts have considerably weakened the Taliban-inspired insurgency in Pakistan, yet it remains a potent force."--Introduction.
Author: Scott Gates
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317005414
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
India is the world's tenth largest economy and possesses the world's fourth largest military. The subcontinent houses about one-fifth of the world's population and its inhabitants are divided into various tribes, clans and ethnic groups following four great religions: Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam. Framing the debate using case studies from across the region as well as China, Afghanistan and Burma and using a wealth of primary and secondary sources this incisive volume takes a closer look at the organization and doctrines of the 'shadow armies' and the government forces which fight the former. Arranged in a thematic manner, each chapter critically asks; Why stateless marginal groups rebel? How do states attempt to suppress them? What are the consequences in the aftermath of the conflict especially in relation to conflict resolution and peace building? Unconventional Warfare in South Asia is a welcomed addition to the growing field of interest on civil wars and insurgencies in South Asia. An indispensable read which will allow us to better understand whether South Asia is witnessing a 'New War' and whether the twenty-first century belongs to the insurgents.
Author: Scott Gates
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317005406
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
India is the world's tenth largest economy and possesses the world's fourth largest military. The subcontinent houses about one-fifth of the world's population and its inhabitants are divided into various tribes, clans and ethnic groups following four great religions: Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam. Framing the debate using case studies from across the region as well as China, Afghanistan and Burma and using a wealth of primary and secondary sources this incisive volume takes a closer look at the organization and doctrines of the 'shadow armies' and the government forces which fight the former. Arranged in a thematic manner, each chapter critically asks; Why stateless marginal groups rebel? How do states attempt to suppress them? What are the consequences in the aftermath of the conflict especially in relation to conflict resolution and peace building? Unconventional Warfare in South Asia is a welcomed addition to the growing field of interest on civil wars and insurgencies in South Asia. An indispensable read which will allow us to better understand whether South Asia is witnessing a 'New War' and whether the twenty-first century belongs to the insurgents.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Terrorism, Unconventional Threats, and Capabilities
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author: Joint Special Operations University Pres
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781079019896
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
This JSOU publication affords the reader an opportunity to look into Pakistan's national security policy and strategy through the lens of a Pakistani loupe. Author Haider Mullick, born in Islamabad and educated in the United States (U.S.), provides his interpretation of Pakistani strategic behavior in terms of the geostrategic interests of that nation.Mr. Mullick's discussion of the strategic setting in Southwest Asia is particularly timely as the U.S. is diverting strategic resources from the Iraqi theater of war to the effort in Afghanistan. Concurrently, the new administration of President Obama is refocusing the national security strategy away from notions of a global war on terrorism to a security policy of a "broader engagement" with the countries of the world and particularly the Muslim world. As one part of this strategic vision, a particular effort will be made to dismantle or destroy Al Qaeda and its associates.In discussing what Mr. Mullick calls "strategic spread," he relates Pakistan's national interests for protecting the nation against internal (separatism) and external (nuclear India) threats. Strategic spread is a mix of policy objectives that guide offensive, defensive, preemptive, and irregular warfare. These policy approaches include nuclear/military parity with India, quelling internal dissent, strengthening religious cohesiveness, and making foreign aid plentiful and certain. The geographic dimension of this is "strategic depth," seen as Pakistani influence in Afghanistan to counter Indian and Iranian proxies there, to hedge against a future occupying force, and to provide a base for irregular warfare against India in Kashmir. The problem for U.S. military planners is that there is no strong correlation among Pakistan's regional interests and those of the U.S. or other countries. Mr. Mullick's insights highlight the shortcoming of attempting to fight a regional war one country at a time with different approaches in interests and strategies. The ambiguity of Pakistan's security strategy generates enormous strategic angst for the would-be peacemaker: how can one achieve a regional solution when Pakistan foments insurgency in southern Afghanistan while it counters insurgency in northern Pakistan with and against people of the same mores-the Pashtuns. What makes it more complicated is that now the insurgency in Pakistan has spread beyond predominantly Pashtun areas to the country's central province of Punjab and the southern provinces of xii Baluchistan and Sindh. The situation suggests what Mr. Mullick terms, a COIN-FOIN paradox
Author: Seth G. Jones
Publisher: RAND Corporation
ISBN: 9780833049766
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Pakistan has undertaken a number of operations against militant groups since 2001. There have been some successes, but such groups as al Qa'ida continue to present a significant threat to Pakistan, the United States, and other countries. Pakistan needs to establish a population-centric counterinsurgency that better protects the local population and addresses grievances. It also needs to abandon militancy as a tool of foreign and domestic policy.
Author: Daniel Byman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Civil-military relations
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
The United States has long faced numerous problems when fighting insurgencies. Many of these concern the performance of local allies, who typically playa leading role in counterinsurgency. In this monograph, Dr. Daniel Hyman reviews the problems common to the security forces of local allies that have fought or may soon fight insurgencies linked to al-Qa'ida. He argues that these problems stem from deep structural weaknesses, such as the regime's perceived illegitimacy, poor civil-military relations, an undeveloped economy and discriminatory societies. Together, they greatly inhibit the allied armed forces' effectiveness in fighting the insurgents. Various U.S. programs designed to work with allied security forces, at best, can reduce some of these issues. To be effective, any program to assist allied counterinsurgency forces should factor in the allies' weaknesses.
Author:
Publisher: Government Printing Office
ISBN: 9780160915574
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Compares the reasons for and the responses to the insurgencies in Afghanistan and Pakistan since October 2001. Also examines the lack of security and the support of insurgent groups in Afghanistan and Pakistan since the 1970s that explain the rise of the Pakistan-supported Taliban. Explores the border tribal areas between the two countries and how they influence regional stability and U.S. security. Explains the implications of what happened during this 10-year period to provide candid insights on the prospects and risks associated with bringing a durable stability to this area of the world.
Author: Seth G. Jones
Publisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 0833041339
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
This study explores the nature of the insurgency in Afghanistan, the key challenges and successes of the U.S.-led counterinsurgency campaign, and the capabilities necessary to wage effective counterinsurgency operations. By examining the key lessons from all insurgencies since World War II, it finds that most policymakers repeatedly underestimate the importance of indigenous actors to counterinsurgency efforts. The U.S. should focus its resources on helping improve the capacity of the indigenous government and indigenous security forces to wage counterinsurgency. It has not always done this well. The U.S. military-along with U.S. civilian agencies and other coalition partners-is more likely to be successful in counterinsurgency warfare the more capable and legitimate the indigenous security forces (especially the police), the better the governance capacity of the local state, and the less external support that insurgents receive.
![Russian-Soviet Unconventional Wars in the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Afghanistan [Illustrated Edition] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/yaVvCwAAQBAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Dr. Robert F. Baumann
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN: 1782899650
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
[Includes 12 maps and 4 tables] In recent years, the U.S. Army has paid increasing attention to the conduct of unconventional warfare. However, the base of historical experience available for study has been largely American and overwhelmingly Western. In Russian-Soviet Unconventional Wars in the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Afghanistan, Dr. Robert F. Baumann makes a significant contribution to the expansion of that base with a well-researched analysis of four important episodes from the Russian-Soviet experience with unconventional wars. Primarily employing Russian sources, including important archival documents only recently declassified and made available to Western scholars, Dr. Baumann provides an insightful look at the Russian conquest of the Caucasian mountaineers (1801-59), the subjugation of Central Asia (1839-81), the reconquest of Central Asia by the Red Army (1918-33), and the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979-89). The history of these wars—especially as it relates to the battle tactics, force structure, and strategy employed in them—offers important new perspectives on elements of continuity and change in combat over two centuries. This is the first study to provide an in-depth examination of the evolution of the Russian and Soviet unconventional experience on the predominantly Muslim southern periphery of the former empire. There, the Russians encountered fierce resistance by peoples whose cultures and views of war differed sharply from their own. Consequently, this Leavenworth Paper addresses not only issues germane to combat but to a wide spectrum of civic and propaganda operations as well.
