Tropospheric Ozone Abatement

Tropospheric Ozone Abatement PDF Author: Rainer Friedrich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642596983
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Book Description
The occurrence of high concentrations of ozone during summer episodes in the troposphere over Europe is a problem still unsolved. Although a numberĀ· of measures have been implemented that will achieve a further reduction of precursor emissions in the next years, this will not be sufficient to reduce the ozone concentration to levels below thresholds set up to protect human health and plants. Thus, further reductions of emissions of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides are necessary. However, with regard to the increasing costs associated with increasing emission reduction, it is essential to implement abatement strategies, that are effective, i.e. achieving the environmental aim set up, and efficient, i. e. doing this with the least costs possible. In this book, the authors describe the features and the application of a methodology and a model system to identify effective and efficient strategies to reduce ambient concentrations of tropospheric ozone to comply with thresholds set up to protect human health, agricultural crops and ecosystems. Furthermore, macroeconomic impacts of such strategies are addressed and, as burden and benefits of these strategies are not equally distributed between countries, different burden sharing schemes are discussed. The content of this book is based on results of a comprehensive research project, the project INFOS (assessment of policy instruments for efficient ozone abatement strategies in Europe), funded by the European Commission (Directorate General XII) under the Fourth Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration activities.

Tropospheric Ozone Abatement

Tropospheric Ozone Abatement PDF Author: Rainer Friedrich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642596983
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241

Get Book Here

Book Description
The occurrence of high concentrations of ozone during summer episodes in the troposphere over Europe is a problem still unsolved. Although a numberĀ· of measures have been implemented that will achieve a further reduction of precursor emissions in the next years, this will not be sufficient to reduce the ozone concentration to levels below thresholds set up to protect human health and plants. Thus, further reductions of emissions of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides are necessary. However, with regard to the increasing costs associated with increasing emission reduction, it is essential to implement abatement strategies, that are effective, i.e. achieving the environmental aim set up, and efficient, i. e. doing this with the least costs possible. In this book, the authors describe the features and the application of a methodology and a model system to identify effective and efficient strategies to reduce ambient concentrations of tropospheric ozone to comply with thresholds set up to protect human health, agricultural crops and ecosystems. Furthermore, macroeconomic impacts of such strategies are addressed and, as burden and benefits of these strategies are not equally distributed between countries, different burden sharing schemes are discussed. The content of this book is based on results of a comprehensive research project, the project INFOS (assessment of policy instruments for efficient ozone abatement strategies in Europe), funded by the European Commission (Directorate General XII) under the Fourth Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration activities.

Tropospheric Ozone Abatement

Tropospheric Ozone Abatement PDF Author: Rainer Friedrich
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783642596995
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 268

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Book Description
This book offers information and aids in decision-making for those concerned with air pollution in Europe, especially tropospheric ozone. It covers the analysis of ozone precursor emissions and the transport and chemical transformation of precursor substances in Europe and gives insight into the integrated assessment of air pollution control strategies. The analysis covers atmospheric dispersion modeling as well as cost optimization and the modeling of macroeconomic impacts of air pollution control. Thus, it addresses practioners dealing with the implementation of environmental policy and regulations as well as scientists and researchers interested in the methodology and integrated approach.

Costs of Air Pollution Control

Costs of Air Pollution Control PDF Author: Stefan Reis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540439349
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Book Description
This book describes the development of cost effective abatement strategies aimed at controlling air pollutant emissions in Europe, particularly ground level ozone. The author gives a thorough evaluation of the results achieved for different environmental targets, and proposes a modelling scheme for emission targets required to achieve compliance with EU thresholds, and calculations reveal the need to review established ozone thresholds and emission limits.

Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution

Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046319
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525

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Book Description
Despite more than 20 years of regulatory efforts, concern is widespread that ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere, or troposphere, threatens the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. This book discusses how scientific information can be used to develop more effective regulations to control ozone. Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution discusses: The latest data and analysis on how tropospheric ozone is formed. How well our measurement techniques are functioning. Deficiencies in efforts to date to control the problem. Approaches to reducing ozone precursor emissions that hold the most promise. What additional research is needed. With a wealth of technical information, the book discusses atmospheric chemistry, the role of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation, monitoring and modeling the formation and transport processes, and the potential contribution of alternative fuels to solving the tropospheric ozone problem. The committee discusses criteria for designing more effective ozone control efforts. Because of its direct bearing on decisions to be made under the Clean Air Act, this book should be of great interest to environmental advocates, industry, and the regulatory community as well as scientists, faculty, and students.

Tropospheric Ozone and its Impacts on Crop Plants

Tropospheric Ozone and its Impacts on Crop Plants PDF Author: Supriya Tiwari
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319718738
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 207

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Book Description
The research and its outcomes presented here focuses on tropospheric or ground level ozone, in particular due to its surfacing as a major threat to crop productivity around the world. This book presents the ozone concentration data for a variety of geographical regions, examines the factors responsible for its increasing concentrations and its potential effects on physiological and biochemical responses culminating in crop productivity losses which, in turn may pose a serious threat to global food security. Beside this, certain ameliorative measures that could be adopted to assess ozone injury in plants are also discussed. Global climate change scenarios predict a significant increase in future tropospheric ozone concentration. Particular attention is therefore given to evaluate the effect of global climate change on ozone concentrations. Readers will also discover how yield losses due to ozone are related to changes in the socio-economic conditions of the society, especially in South Asian regions. Students and researchers studying crop and soil science, environmental scientists, risk assessment professionals and policy makers will find this book of interest.

Summary of Public Comments and EPA Responses on the Draft Report, The Role of Ozone Precursors in Tropospheric Ozone Formation and Control

Summary of Public Comments and EPA Responses on the Draft Report, The Role of Ozone Precursors in Tropospheric Ozone Formation and Control PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 42

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Book Description


Tropospheric Ozone

Tropospheric Ozone PDF Author: David McKee
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780873714754
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 350

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Book Description
Tropospheric ozone has long been recognized as a major environmental concern. Levels of ozone concentration have grown dramatically and the effects of ozone exposure have been examined in virtually thousands of studies worldwide. This timely new reference presents the state of the art in ozone regulation, human health effects, agricultural implications, and the economics of ozone reduction. Tropospheric Ozone guides you through the history of air pollution legislation and cites government initiatives to reduce ozone emissions. Ozone concentration data is supplied for a variety of geographic regions in examining the causes of ozone concentration and its potential effects on human populations, crops, and forests. Important issues such as crop yield, plant growth, and crop losses due to exposure are addressed, which will help develop an understanding of the economic implications of agricultural damage. New information is presented regarding risk assessment and human monitoring studies. EPA guidelines are reviewed, and potential health problems associated with ozone exposure are discussed in a practical, informative format. This valuable reference will benefit air pollution engineers, environmental consultants, government agency employees, regulators, industry professionals, health professionals, crop and soil scientists, environmental health and safety professionals, risk assessment professionals, and students in the environmental sciences.

Surface-Level Ozone Exposures and Their Effects on Vegetation

Surface-Level Ozone Exposures and Their Effects on Vegetation PDF Author: Allen S. Lefohn
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780873711692
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 392

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Book Description
Tropospheric ozone is a regionally distributed air pollutant that adversely affects both humans and vegetation. Surface-Level Ozone Exposures and Their Effects on Vegetation focuses on the formation, distribution, and transport of surface-level ozone; the characterization of its exposures; the mechanisms and processes involved in its deposition and uptake by plants; and its effects on the growth of crops and forest trees. State-of-the-art information is presented and the methodology for studying its effects on vegetation is critically reviewed. This background material leads to a discussion of the approaches for developing an air quality standard that will provide protection from the adverse effects of ozone, as well as suggestions for future research directions. Researchers and professionals in the utility industry, oil industry, and government environmental agencies; university instructors; and students will find that this book is filled with information that can be used on a daily basis in their work and studies.

Tropospheric Ozone

Tropospheric Ozone PDF Author: Jaroslav J. Vostal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 708

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Book Description
Proceedings

Ozone Nonattainment Under the Clean Air Act

Ozone Nonattainment Under the Clean Air Act PDF Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Technology, Environment, and Aviation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 144

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Book Description