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Author: Caroline Pons
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 778
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Book Description
La révolution industrielle provoque l'arrivée massive et continue des femmes dans les usines et les ateliers. Même dans les régions plus faiblement industrialisées, telles que Midi-Pyrénées, le travail féminin se répand et concerne de multiples secteurs d'activités. Hélas, comme partout ailleurs, il s'exécute dans des conditions d'hygiène et de sécurité déplorables, au point que la santé des femmes est bientôt menacée. Dès la fin du XIXe siècle, le législateur se décide donc à intervenir afin de protéger les salariées, en aménageant leur temps de travail et en édictant diverses mesures d'ordre sanitaire. Cependant, l'évolution de la condition des femmes au travail se heurte à de nombreux obstacles en pratique, parfois inattendus. L'Etat, partage entre des intérêts contradictoires, répugne en réalité à organiser une véritable protection, si bien que ce droit se révèle très défavorable aux intéressées. Le petit patronat, majoritaire en Midi-Pyrénées, et souvent soutenu par la justice, les autorités locales et l'inspection du travail, oppose également une vive résistance à l'application des lois. Quant aux femmes, quasiment absentes des syndicats qui leur font d'ailleurs peu de place, et assez passives, elles militent peu en faveur de l'amélioration de leur sort. Il en résulte qu'à la veille de la seconde Guerre mondiale, au terme de quatre-vingt ans d'évolution, la condition sanitaire des femmes au travail demeure particulièrement désastreuse dans cette région, pourtant à l'écart des grands centres industriels.
Author: Caroline Pons
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 778
Get Book Here
Book Description
La révolution industrielle provoque l'arrivée massive et continue des femmes dans les usines et les ateliers. Même dans les régions plus faiblement industrialisées, telles que Midi-Pyrénées, le travail féminin se répand et concerne de multiples secteurs d'activités. Hélas, comme partout ailleurs, il s'exécute dans des conditions d'hygiène et de sécurité déplorables, au point que la santé des femmes est bientôt menacée. Dès la fin du XIXe siècle, le législateur se décide donc à intervenir afin de protéger les salariées, en aménageant leur temps de travail et en édictant diverses mesures d'ordre sanitaire. Cependant, l'évolution de la condition des femmes au travail se heurte à de nombreux obstacles en pratique, parfois inattendus. L'Etat, partage entre des intérêts contradictoires, répugne en réalité à organiser une véritable protection, si bien que ce droit se révèle très défavorable aux intéressées. Le petit patronat, majoritaire en Midi-Pyrénées, et souvent soutenu par la justice, les autorités locales et l'inspection du travail, oppose également une vive résistance à l'application des lois. Quant aux femmes, quasiment absentes des syndicats qui leur font d'ailleurs peu de place, et assez passives, elles militent peu en faveur de l'amélioration de leur sort. Il en résulte qu'à la veille de la seconde Guerre mondiale, au terme de quatre-vingt ans d'évolution, la condition sanitaire des femmes au travail demeure particulièrement désastreuse dans cette région, pourtant à l'écart des grands centres industriels.
Author: Atelier national de reproduction des thèses de Lille
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalogs, Union
Languages : fr
Pages : 924
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Book Description
Author: Leslie Page Moch
Publisher: Duke University Press
ISBN: 0822351838
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
This work looks at the surge of Bretons who left their homes in Western France in the latter half of the 19th century to live and work in Paris. Portrayed as backward, ignorant peasants they found no welcome until after WWII. Moch positions her work within immigration theory, connecting migration studies to theories about state projects of assimilation and about cultures of inclusion and exclusion.
Author: Olivier Wieviorka
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 067497039X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 584
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Book Description
“Whatever happens, the flame of French resistance must not and will not go out.” As Charles de Gaulle ended his radio address to the French nation in June 1940, listeners must have felt a surge of patriotism tinged with uncertainty. Who would keep the flame burning through dark years of occupation? At what cost? Olivier Wieviorka presents a comprehensive history of the French Resistance, synthesizing its social, political, and military aspects to offer fresh insights into its operation. Detailing the Resistance from the inside out, he reveals not one organization but many interlocking groups often at odds over goals, methods, and leadership. He debunks lingering myths, including the idea that the Resistance sprang up in response to the exhortations of de Gaulle’s Free French government-in-exile. The Resistance was homegrown, arising from the soil of French civil society. Resisters had to improvise in the fight against the Nazis and the collaborationist Vichy regime. They had no blueprint to follow, but resisters from all walks of life and across the political spectrum formed networks, organizing activities from printing newspapers to rescuing downed airmen to sabotage. Although the Resistance was never strong enough to fight the Germans openly, it provided the Allies invaluable intelligence, sowed havoc behind enemy lines on D-Day, and played a key role in Paris’s liberation. Wieviorka shatters the conventional image of a united resistance with no interest in political power. But setting the record straight does not tarnish the legacy of its fighters, who braved Nazism without blinking.
Author: Wilfred Niels Arnold
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN:
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
As a five year old I encountered a picture of a young man in a rakish hat and a yellow coat, on the wall of a large classroom. There was something instantly intriguing about the image, but it was also puzzling because it represented neither politician nor prince, the usual fare for Australian school decorations. I was eventually told that this was a reproduction of a painting, the artist was Vincent van Gogh, and that the subject was some young Frenchman. On special days we assembled in that room and during the next several years I found myself gazing beyond visiting speakers at the fellow in the yellow jacket. It was almost another fifty years before I felt properly conversant with the portrait and realized that van Gogh's subject, Armand Roulin, was seventeen at the time ofthe original painting and had died at seventy-four during my schoolboy contemplations. In the interim my enjoyment of the works of the Impressionists and Post Impressionists had grown and I occasionally ran into the name of Dr. Gachet, Vincent's last attending physician, in books and catalog essays. The doctor was my entree to the overlapping charms of medical and art histories. In 1987 I had the good fortune to participate as a biochemist in the centenary celebration of the Pasteur Institut in Paris.
Author: Gabriella Bernardi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319634682
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 186
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Book Description
This book offers a fascinating account of the life and scientific achievements of Giovanni Domenico Cassini, or Cassini I, the most famous astronomer of his time, who is remembered today especially for his observations of the rings and satellites of Saturn and his earlier construction of the great meridian line in the Basilica of San Petronio in Bologna. The various stages of his life are recounted in an engaging style, from his early childhood in Perinaldo and his time at the famous Jesuit College in Genoa, to his later experiences in Bologna and Paris. The emphasis, however, is on the scientific side of his life. The book explores his impressive body of work in diverse fields while also drawing attention to the international character of his endeavors, the rigor of his research, and his outstanding management skills, which combined to make him an early embodiment of the “European scientist.” It was also these abilities that gained him the attention of the most powerful king in Europe, Louis XIV of France (the “Sun King”), under the auspices of whom he set up the Paris Observatory in 1671. He would go on to serve as Director of the Observatory, where he would make the majority of his scientific discoveries, for the rest of his life.
Author: Roy MacLeod
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402054904
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
This book represents a first considered attempt to study the factors that conditioned industrial chemistry for war in 1914-18. Taking a comparative perspective, it reflects on the experience of France, Germany, Austria, Russia, Britain, Italy and Russia, and points to significant similarities and differences. It looks at changing patterns in the organisation of industry, and at the emerging symbiosis between science, industry and the military.
Author: P.J.S. Whitmore
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401034915
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 381
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Book Description
Thinking of the text from the Dies frae (S. Matthew, XXV, 40). It is also probable that this other Saint Francis, partly out of admiration for his illustrious compatriot of Assisi and partly from a compelling urge to be superlative in all things, chose the title in opposition to the Franciscans, the Fratres Minori, l who had previously adopted this style taken from Saint Matthew, XXIII, 8. The title "Minim" was confirmed in these words" ... eosque Eremitos Ordinis Minimorum Fratrum Eremitarum F. Francesci de Paula in posterum nuncupari," taken from the Papal Bull, Meritis religiosae vitae, of 26 February, 1493. The earliest reference to the Order in France is in a fragment preserved in the Bibliotheque de l'Arsenal called, La regle et vie de Frere Franfois, pauvre et humble hermite de Paule, laquelle donne a tous ses 2 freres voulant entrer et vivre en son ordre. The dating of this manuscript should be accepted with considerable reserve; it bears a clearly legible "1474," although it seems most unlikely that any reference to an Order occurred before the Bull of 1493 or that any Rule appeared in French before the Founder's visit to Louis XI in 1483. 3 The fame of Francis and his reputation as a "guerisseur" had reached the French court where Louis XI was sick and dying; the King summoned him to the chateau of Le Plessis-Ies-Tours, but it required the intervention of the Pope to make the hermit undertake the journey
Author: Dominique Lapierre
Publisher: Grand Central Publishing
ISBN: 9780446392259
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 389
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Book Description
From the bestselling author of The City of Joy comes the dramatic story of the Allied liberation of Paris. Is Paris Burning? reconstructs the network of fateful events--the drama, the fervor, and the triumph--that heralded one of the most dramatic episodes of our time. This bestseller about 1944 Paris is timed to meet the demand for Dominique Lapierre books that will be generated by the March release of his compelling new Warner hardcover, Beyond Love.
Author: Thomas Beaumont
Publisher: Studies in Labour History Lup
ISBN: 1789620805
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Fellow Travellers considers the origins and development of the Communist presence among French railway workers, how Communist activists adapted to the particular environment of railway industrial relations, and examines the foundations of what was to become one of the most powerful and enduring constituencies of Communist support in modern France.
