Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation of Fuel Cells Related Materials PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation of Fuel Cells Related Materials PDF full book. Access full book title Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation of Fuel Cells Related Materials by Joonsuk Park. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Joonsuk Park
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
This dissertation will mainly deal with the TEM characterization on the fuel cell using a variety of different TEM techniques. The most of sample was prepared by site-specific lift-out technique using a focused ion beam (FIB). Subsequent TEM studies on these energy-related materials lead to have deep understanding of the relationship between the atomic scale structures with the other chemical/electronic properties. To provide a scientific establishment for break-out high-efficiency, cost-effective energy technologies, research activities have been focused on manipulation of materials at the nanometer scale to increase efficiency of energy conversion devices and exploitation of fundamental advances in charge transport, light absorption, and reaction thermodynamics and kinetics to improve performance and efficiency in energy conversion devices like fuel cell. To achieve these goals, we need to understand how nano-structuring modifies and governs the properties of materials, and how to control dimensionality and confinement to learn insights on model energy conversion materials, structures and devices. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) with additional advanced functions enables us to approach profound understanding of the fundamental relationship between chemical / electronic properties of materials and crystal structure, composition, size, shape of them through the characterization at atomic or nano/micro scale.
Author: Joonsuk Park
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
This dissertation will mainly deal with the TEM characterization on the fuel cell using a variety of different TEM techniques. The most of sample was prepared by site-specific lift-out technique using a focused ion beam (FIB). Subsequent TEM studies on these energy-related materials lead to have deep understanding of the relationship between the atomic scale structures with the other chemical/electronic properties. To provide a scientific establishment for break-out high-efficiency, cost-effective energy technologies, research activities have been focused on manipulation of materials at the nanometer scale to increase efficiency of energy conversion devices and exploitation of fundamental advances in charge transport, light absorption, and reaction thermodynamics and kinetics to improve performance and efficiency in energy conversion devices like fuel cell. To achieve these goals, we need to understand how nano-structuring modifies and governs the properties of materials, and how to control dimensionality and confinement to learn insights on model energy conversion materials, structures and devices. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) with additional advanced functions enables us to approach profound understanding of the fundamental relationship between chemical / electronic properties of materials and crystal structure, composition, size, shape of them through the characterization at atomic or nano/micro scale.
Author: Frances M. Ross
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107116570
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 529
Get Book Here
Book Description
2.6.2 Electrodes for Electrochemistry
Author: Dawn A. Bonnell
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981443471X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 640
Get Book Here
Book Description
Efficiency and life time of solar cells, energy and power density of the batteries, and costs of the fuel cells alike cannot be improved unless the complex electronic, optoelectronic, and ionic mechanisms underpinning operation of these materials and devices are understood on the nanometer level of individual defects. Only by probing these phenomena locally can we hope to link materials structure and functionality, thus opening pathway for predictive modeling and synthesis. While structures of these materials are now accessible on length scales from macroscopic to atomic, their functionality has remained Terra Incognitae. In this volume, we provide a summary of recent advances in scanning probe microscopy studies of local functionality of energy materials and devices ranging from photovoltaics to batteries, fuel cells, and energy harvesting systems. Recently emergent SPM modes and combined SPM-electron microscopy approaches are also discussed. Contributions by internationally renowned leaders in the field describe the frontiers in this important field.
Author: Vaneet Sharma
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cerium oxides
Languages : en
Pages : 246
Get Book Here
Book Description
The behavior of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cermet (ceramic-metal composite) anode under reaction conditions depends significantly on the structure, morphology and atomic scale interactions between the metal and the ceramic components. In situ environmental transmission electron microscope (ETEM) is an important tool which not only allows us to perform the basic nanoscale characterization of the anode materials, but also to observe in real-time, the dynamic changes in the anode material under near-reaction conditions. The earlier part of this dissertation is focused on the synthesis and characterization of Pr- and Gd-doped cerium oxide anode materials. A novel spray drying set-up was designed and constructed for preparing nanoparticles of these mixed-oxides and nickel oxide for anode fabrication. X-ray powder diffraction was used to investigate the crystal structure and lattice parameters of the synthesized materials. Particle size distribution, morphology and chemical composition were investigated using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The nanoparticles were found to possess pit-like defects of average size 2 nm after subjecting the spray-dried material to heat treatment at 700°C for 2 h in air. A novel electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) quantification technique for determining the Pr and Gd concentrations in the mixed oxides was developed. Nano-scale compositional heterogeneity was observed in these materials. The later part of the dissertation focuses mainly on in situ investigations of the anode materials under a H2 environment in the ETEM. Nano-scale changes in the stand-alone ceramic components of the cermet anode were first investigated. Particle size and composition of the individual nanoparticles of Pr-doped ceria (PDC) were found to affect their reducibility in H2 gas. Upon reduction, amorphization of the nanoparticles was observed and was linked to the presence of pit-like defects in the spray-dried material. Investigation of metal-ceramic interactions in the Ni-loaded PDC nanoparticles indicated a localized reduction of Ce in the vicinity of the Ni/PDC interface at 420°C. Formation of a reduction zone around the interface was attributed to H spillover which was observed directly in the ETEM. Preliminary results on the fabrication of model SOFCs and in situ behavior of Ni/Gd-doped ceria anodes have been presented.
Author: Jaroslava Lavková
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 298
Get Book Here
Book Description
Present doctoral thesis is focused on investigation of novel metal-oxide anode catalyst for fuel cell application by electron microscopy and associated spectroscopies. Catalysts based on Pt-doped cerium oxide in form of thin layers prepared by simultaneous magnetron sputtering deposition on intermediate carbonaceous films grown on silicon substrate have been studied. The influence of the catalyst support composition (a-C and CNx films), deposition time of CeOx layer and other deposition parameters, as deposition rate, composition of working atmosphere and Pt concentration on the morphology of Pt-CeOx layers has been investigated mainly by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The obtained results have shown that by combination of suitable preparation conditions we are able to tune the final morphology and composition of the catalysts. The composition of carbonaceous films and Pt-CeOx layers was examined by complementary spectroscopy techniques - Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Such prepared porous structures of Pt-CeOx are promising as anode catalytic material for real fuel cell application.
Author: Dawn Bonnell
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814434728
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 640
Get Book Here
Book Description
Efficiency and life time of solar cells, energy and power density of the batteries, and costs of the fuel cells alike cannot be improved unless the complex electronic, optoelectronic, and ionic mechanisms underpinning operation of these materials and devices are understood on the nanometer level of individual defects. Only by probing these phenomena locally can we hope to link materials structure and functionality, thus opening pathway for predictive modeling and synthesis. While structures of these materials are now accessible on length scales from macroscopic to atomic, their functionality has remained Terra Incognitae. In this volume, we provide a summary of recent advances in scanning probe microscopy studies of local functionality of energy materials and devices ranging from photovoltaics to batteries, fuel cells, and energy harvesting systems. Recently emergent SPM modes and combined SPM-electron microscopy approaches are also discussed. Contributions by internationally renowned leaders in the field describe the frontiers in this important field.
Author: Fan Wu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) typically operates under high vacuum conditions. However, in situ investigation under real-world conditions other than vacuum, such as gaseous or liquidus environment, is essential to obtain practical information for materials including catalysts, fuel cells, biological molecules, lithium ion batteries, et cetera Therefore, the ability to study gas/liquid-solid interactions with atomic resolution under ambient conditions in TEM promises new insights into the growth, properties, and functionality of nanomaterials. Different platforms have been developed for in situ TEM observations in ambient environment and can be classified into two categories: open-cell configuration and sealed gas/liquid cell configuration. The sealed cell technique has various advantages over the open-cell approach. This chapter serves as a review of windowed gas/liquid cells for in situ TEM observations.
Author: Hee Joon Jung
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
The world's growing energy needs will involve not one but a harmonious collection of extremely efficient energy technologies that will work in concert to produce, store, and use the large amounts of energy that humans will soon demand. To provide a scientific establishment for break-out high-efficiency, cost-effective energy technologies, research activities have been focused on manipulation of materials at the nanometer scale to increase efficiency of energy conversion devices and exploitation of fundamental advances in charge transport, light absorption, and reaction thermodynamics and kinetics to improve performance and efficiency in energy conversion devices like solar cell, fuel cell, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell. To achieve these goals, we need to understand how nano-structuring modifies and governs the properties of materials, and how to control dimensionality and confinement to learn insights on model energy conversion materials, structures and devices. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) with additional advanced functions enables us to approach profound understanding of the fundamental relationship between chemical / electronic / optical properties of materials and origin (crystal structure, composition, size, shape) of them through the characterization at atomic or nano/micro scale. This dissertation will mainly deal with the TEM characterization on the energy-related materials for the solar cell and fuel cell (especially, solid oxide fuel cell) using a variety of different TEM techniques. The most of sample was prepared by conventional TEM preparation method or site-specific lift-out technique using a focused ion beam (FIB). Subsequent TEM studies on these energy-related materials lead to have deep understanding of the relationship between the atomic scale structures with the other chemical/optical/electronic property. In the chapter 1, the brief concept and background of the solar cell and fuel cell will be included. In the chapter 2, the details of TEM/STEM background for imaging and diffraction with a variety of additional TEM spectroscopic techniques like X-ray energy dispersive (EDS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) are included because this dissertation is mainly focused on TEM characterization. And the background of FIB/SEM and sample preparation using FIB is followed. In the chapter 3, the TEM characterization on the diverse kinds of materials of the 2nd and 3rd generation solar cells mainly made by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is dealt with using different types of spectroscopic techniques. ZnS, CdS, ZnxCd1-xS, PbS deposited by ALD for the 2nd and 3rd generation solar cell and the advanced bottom electrode structure are included. Each sub-chapter in the chapter 3 is based on the published papers as follows: Chapter 3-2: "Atomic layer deposition of ZnS via in situ production of H2S", J.R. Bakke, J.S. King, H.J. Jung, R. Sinclair, S.F. Bent, Thin Solid Films. 518. pp. 5400-5408 (2010). Chapter 3-3: "Atomic Layer Deposition of CdS Films", Jonathan R. Bakke, Hee Joon Jung, Jukka T. Tanskanen, Robert Sinclair, and Stacey F. Bent, Chem. Mater. 22, 4669-4678 (2010). Chapter 3-4: "Atomic Layer Deposition of CdxZn1-xS Films", Jonathan. R. Bakke, Jukka T. Tanskanen, Hee Joon Jung, Robert Sinclair, Stacey F. Bent, J. Mater. Chem., 21, 743-751 (2011). Chapter 3-5: "Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Lead Sulfide Quantum Wells Fabricated by Atomic Layer Deposition for Band Gap Engineering", Wonyoung Lee, Neil P. Dasgupta, Hee Joon Jung, Jung-Rok Lee, Robert Sinclair and Fritz B. Prinz, Nanotechnology, 21, 485402, 4pp. (2010). Chapter 3-6: "Atomic Layer Deposition of Lead Sulfide Quantum Dots on Nanowire Surfaces", Hee Joon Jung, Neil Dasgupta, Orlando Trejo, Matthew T. McDowell, Aaron Hryciw, Mark Brongersma, Robert Sinclair and Fritz B. Prinz, Nano Lett., 11 (3), pp 934-940 (2011). Chapter 3-7: "Evidence For Shape-Induced Bandgap Variations Within a Single Quantum Dot", Hee Joon Jung, Neil P. Dasgupta, Philip B. Van Stockum, Ai Leen Koh, Robert Sinclair, Nature Nanotehchnol., (2012) under review. Chapter 3-8: "Nickel Silicide Nanowire Arrays for Anti-Reflective Electrodes in Photovoltaics", Neil P. Dasgupta, Shicheng Xu, Hee Joon Jung, Andrei Iancu, Rainer Fasching, Robert Sinclair, Fritz B. Prinz, Adv. Funct. Mater., Vol. 22, Issue 17, 3650-3657 (2012). In chapter 4, the TEM characterization on the materials of the solid oxide fuel cells which Yttrium-doped Barium Zirconate (BYZ) by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) and Gadolinia (Ge2O3)-doped Ceria (CeO2) by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is dealt with. Each sub-chapter in the chapter 4 is based on the published papers as follows: Chapter 4-2: "Effect of crystallinity on ionic conductivity of Y-doped Barium Zirconate", Y.B. Kim, T.M. Gur, H.J. Jung, S. Kang, R. Sinclair, F.B. Prinz, Solid State Ionics, Vol. 198, Issue 1, 19, 39-46 (2011). Chapter 4-3: "Oxygen Surface Exchange at Grain Boundaries of Oxide Ion Conductors", Wonyoung Lee, Hee Joon Jung, Min Hwan Lee, Young-Beom Kim, Joong Sun Park, Robert Sinclair, and Fritz B. Prinz, Adv. Funct. Mater., Vol. 22, Issue 5, 965--971 (2012).
Author: Mark Michael Disko
Publisher: Minerals, Metals, & Materials Society
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume of conference proceedings characterizes the microstructure of materials ranging from polymers to superconductors. Electron energy loss spectrometry is a recent addition to the group of diffraction, imaging and spectroscopic techniques available for the study of materials by transmission electron microscope. The book is intended for the use of materials scientists who are looking for a combination of analytical tools and problem-solving approaches.
Author: Christian Rockenhäuser
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3658087935
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 117
Get Book Here
Book Description
Christian Rockenhäuser adresses phase formation and cation interdiffusion of the GdxCe1-xO2-x/2-and SmxCe1-xO2-x/2-material systems at temperatures ranging from 970 to 1270°C. Diffusion couples with CeO2/Sm2O3 and CeO2/Gd2O3 interfaces were fabricated for the investigations. The resulting reaction phases were investigated utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and allow conclusions regarding the phase diagrams in the examined temperature range. A miscibility gap can be ruled out for GdxCe1-xO2-x/2 across the whole composition range. Cation interdiffusion coefficients were determined for both material systems by measuring and evaluating concentration profiles at the material interfaces. The activation enthalpies for interdiffusion were calculated using the temperature dependence of the interdiffusion coefficients. The study for the first time compiles comprehensively the previous results regarding the phase diagrams of the two material systems since 1923.
