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Author: Anuschka Bakker
Publisher: IBFD
ISBN: 9087221525
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 593
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Book Description
This book explores transfer pricing issues related to intra-group financing transactions. It is an invaluable resource for tax practitioners, tax lawyers, tax managers, tax directors of corporations, treasurers and tax authorities, in all facets of transfer pricing and intra-group financing.
Author: Anuschka Bakker
Publisher: IBFD
ISBN: 9087221525
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 593
Get Book
Book Description
This book explores transfer pricing issues related to intra-group financing transactions. It is an invaluable resource for tax practitioners, tax lawyers, tax managers, tax directors of corporations, treasurers and tax authorities, in all facets of transfer pricing and intra-group financing.
Author: Raffaele Petruzzi
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403540338
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
In recent years, the interpretation and implementation of transfer pricing regulations of intra-group transactions involving financing functions increased exponentially as one of the main priorities of both taxpayers and governments. This topic has also attracted the attention of international organizations since 1972, whereby an extensive guidance has been rendered by the OECD in the Transfer Pricing Guidance on Financial Transactions that became Chapter X of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines in February 2020. Not long after, the United Nations included these topics in Chapter 9 of its Practical Manual for Developing Countries in 2021. This book’s comprehensive approach to the practical application of transfer pricing rules to specific types of financing transactions ensures an in-depth understanding of the taxation of these transactions between related parties. Chapters contributed by renowned academics and practitioners based also on the work of international organizations elucidate the complex interaction between transfer pricing and the following types of intra-group financial transactions: loans; financial guarantees; cash pooling; hybrid financing; factoring; captive insurance; and asset management. Each contribution contains a balanced mix of theoretical understanding and practical examples, including case studies and references to key case law. Aware that legal certainty in this area remains unachievable despite the relevant work so far of the OECD and the UN, this book aims to alleviate this deficiency with principle-based and practical knowledge on transfer pricing applied to financial transactions. Tax lawyers, in-house tax counsel, tax authorities, international organizations, business communities, advisory firms, and academics will welcome this matchless overview and guide to one of the most important topics in international taxation.
Author: Raffaele Petruzzi
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9041167331
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
For corporate managers, maximization of the profits and the market value of the firm is a prime objective. The logical working out of this principle in multinational enterprises has led to an intense focus on transfer pricing between related companies, principally on account of the very attractive tax advantages made possible. Inevitably, numerous countries have established transfer pricing legislation designed to combat the distortions and manipulations that are inherent in such transactions. This important book, one of the first in-depth analysis of the current worldwide working of transfer pricing in intra-group financing and its resonance in law, presents the relevant issues related to loans, financial guarantees, and cash pooling; analyses an innovative possible approach to these issues; and describes new methodologies that can be implemented in practice in order to make intra-group financing more compliant with efficient corporate financing decisions and the generally accepted OECD arm’s length principle. Comparing the tax measures implemented in the corporate tax law systems of forty countries, this study investigates such aspects of intra-group financing as the following: – corporate finance theories, studies, and surveys regarding financing decisions; – application of the arm’s length principle to limit the deductibility of interest expenses; – impact of the OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project; – transfer pricing issues related to intra-group financing; – credit risk in corporate finance; – rationales utilized by credit rating agencies; and – the assessment of arm’s length nature of intra-group financing. The author describes ways in which the application of the arm’s length principle can be strengthened and how the related risk of distortion and manipulation can be minimized. The solutions and methodologies proposed are applicable to any business sector. Given that determination of the arm’s length nature of transactions between related companies is one of the most difficult tasks currently faced by taxpayers and tax administrations around the world, this thorough assessment and analysis will prove extraordinarily useful for in-house and advisory practitioners, corporate officers, academics, international organizations, and government officials charged with finding effective responses to the serious issues raised. In addition to its well-researched analysis, the book’s comparative overview of how loans, financial guarantees, and cash pooling are currently addressed by OECD Member States and by their national courts is of great practical value in business decision making.
Author: Anuschka Bakker
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789087227302
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 933
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Book Description
This is the second revised edition of the book published in 2012, and addresses the topic of intra-group financing and transfer pricing.
Author: Robert Danon
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403540354
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1053
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Book Description
It is well known that intercompany financing arrangements have become increasingly subject to scrutiny in contexts of applying transfer pricing and anti-tax avoidance-related rules. With contributions by more than 50 leading global transfer pricing and international tax experts from law firms, multinational enterprises, academia, and tax administrations, this book provides unparalleled insights into the application of the Arm’s Length Principle to different types of financial transactions, application of anti-avoidance rules to various intra-group financial arrangements as well as the business value creation process and the dispute management landscape that underlie intra-group financial transactions. With in-depth analysis of the legislation and market developments that fuel the diverse range of financing options available to market participants – and loaded with practical examples and case studies that cover the legal and economic considerations that arise when analysing intra-group finance – the contributors examine such topics and issues as the following: national anti-abuse rules applicable to financial transactions; tax treaty issues; role of credit ratings and impact of implicit support; loans, cash pooling, financial guarantees; transfer pricing aspects of performance guarantees; ‘mezzanine’ financing; considerations for crypto financing; impact of crises situations such as COVID-19; how treasury operations can be structured in a group and the decision-making process involved; how hedges offset or mitigate risks; how to apply the arm’s length principle to factoring and captive insurance transactions; comparability analysis for various transactions; special considerations for transactions carried out by a permanent establishment; EU state aid and its interaction with transfer pricing rules; dispute prevention and resolution tools under the OECD, UN, and EU frameworks; and developing countries’ perspectives, focusing on Brazil, India, and South Africa. Given the challenges facing taxpayers and tax authorities alike, this book will prove an immeasurably valuable reference guide to support tax practitioners, tax administrations, and tax scholars in developing standards and policies in dealing with intra-group financing issues.
Author: Michael Lang
Publisher: Linde Verlag GmbH
ISBN: 3709411971
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
Transfer pricing and financial transactions: Issues and developments Since years, issues related to transfer pricing and intra-group financing are prominent in the agendas of both taxpayers and governments. The extreme relevance of these topics and the need to address them has attracted the interest of various international organizations for a long time. Already in 1972, the OECD emphasized that these topics required further attention, and the 1979 OECD Transfer Pricing Report dedicated an entire chapter to issues concerning loans. However, the first OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines issued in 1995 did not include a chapter on these issues. Twenty-five years later, in February 2020, the OECD finally released its 2022 Transfer Pricing Guidelines on Financial Transactions that became Chapter X of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines. Meanwhile, in 2021, the United Nations included these topics in Chapter 9 of its Practical Manual for Developing Countries. With those welcomed recent developments from the OECD and the UN, the topic is now being extensively discussed, especially considering the necessary implementation of the guidance at the national level and the future answers from the tax courts at national and European levels when dealing with this matter. This publication discusses the most important issues and recent developments related to this topic. Beginning with an in-depth analysis on the accurate delineation of financial transactions, it further deals with the specific transactions concerning loans, financial guarantees, and cash pooling. This book is based on the outcomes of the presentations and discussions held during the WU Transfer Pricing Symposium held in October 2021 at the WU Vienna University of Economics and Business. The authors, apart from providing a theoretical background to the discussed issues, also present case studies that show how those issues can be approached in practice.
Author: Antonio Russo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corporations
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This chapter is based on information available up to 7 March 2014. The main changes made to this chapter up to that date are: in July 2013 the Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting was published; and, Actions 1 and 2 of the Action Plan on BEPS focus on hybrid instruments and entities.
Author: Robert Danon
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789403540238
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
It is well known that intercompany financing arrangements have become increasingly subject to scrutiny in contexts of applying transfer pricing and anti-tax avoidance-related rules. With contributions by more than 50 leading global transfer pricing and international tax experts from law firms, multinational enterprises, academia, and tax administrations, this book provides unparalleled insights into the application of the Arm's Length Principle to different types of financial transactions, application of anti-avoidance rules to various intra-group financial arrangements as well as the business value creation process and the dispute management landscape that underlie intra-group financial transactions. With in-depth analysis of the legislation and market developments that fuel the diverse range of financing options available to market participants - and loaded with practical examples and case studies that cover the legal and economic considerations that arise when analysing intra-group finance - the contributors examine such topics and issues as the following: national anti-abuse rules applicable to financial transactions; tax treaty issues; role of credit ratings and impact of implicit support; loans, cash pooling, financial guarantees; transfer pricing aspects of performance guarantees; 'mezzanine' financing; considerations for crypto financing; impact of crises situations such as COVID-19; how treasury operations can be structured in a group and the decision-making process involved; how hedges offset or mitigate risks; how to apply the arm's length principle to factoring and captive insurance transactions; comparability analysis for various transactions; special considerations for transactions carried out by a permanent establishment; EU state aid and its interaction with transfer pricing rules; dispute prevention and resolution tools under the OECD, UN, and EU frameworks; and developing countries' perspectives, focusing on Brazil, India, and South Africa. Given the challenges facing taxpayers and tax authorities alike, this book will prove an immeasurably valuable reference guide to support tax practitioners, tax administrations, and tax scholars in developing standards and policies in dealing with intra-group financing issues.
Author: David B. Blair
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781402428456
Category : Double taxation
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The phenomena of increasingly global business enterprises with valuable intangible property expose companies to transfer pricing enforcement by different countries around the world. Many of these countries are increasingly aggressive in enforcing their local transfer pricing rules, as they attempt to protect their tax revenue base. To avoid double taxation of the same income in this environment, companies often are required to deal with the highly specialized, bilateral treaty-based competent authority process developed to prevent double taxation at a time when trade mainly involved only two established countries. Even more challenging today, companies and tax authorities increasingly are faced with the potential for multiple taxation of the same income, as supply chains cross many borders and as the tax authorities of emerging countries become players in the global taxation process, and the resulting stresses, strains, and limitations of the bilateral treaty-based competent authority process have become more apparent. In light of the high-dollar risks presented by the increased enforcement efforts of tax authorities worldwide, the complexity of the ever-changing, inherently uncertain transfer pricing standards, and the continually evolving business models of businesses adapting to the constantly changing global economy, companies need practical guidance to permit them to develop and defend their transfer pricing strategies. Transfer Pricing Answer Book gives companies such guidance by discussing all aspects of transfer pricing, from initially planning a transfer pricing strategy, to alternative ways to defend the strategy from attack by two or more tax authorities, to resolving a case before competent authorities, to bringing a transfer pricing case to court. The book's non-technical discussion is presented in a question and answer format that will appeal to readers regardless of their prior level of experience or familiarity with taxes in general and transfer pricing in particular. Transfer Pricing Answer Book is an invaluable resource for company executives and their advisors who are seeking to better understand this important area of tax law that has become such an important economic facet of so many businesses.
Author: Joel Cooper
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464809704
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
Recent years have seen unprecedented public scrutiny over the tax practices of Multinational Enterprise (MNE) groups. Tax policy and administration concerning international transactions, aggressive tax planning, and tax avoidance have become an issue of extensive national and international debate in developed and developing countries alike. Within this context, transfer pricing, historically a subject of limited specialist interest, has attained name recognition amongst a broader global audience that is concerned with equitable fiscal policy and sustainable development. Abusive transfer pricing practices are considered to pose major risk to the direct tax base of many countries and developing countries are particularly vulnerable because corporate tax tends to account for a larger share of their revenue. This handbook is part of the wider WBG engagement in supporting countries with Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM) by protecting their tax base and aims to cover all relevant aspects that have to be considered when introducing or strengthening transfer pricing regimes. The handbook provides guidance on analytical steps that can be taken to understand a country’s potential exposure to inappropriate transfer pricing (transfer mispricing) and outlines the main areas that require attention in the design and implementation of transfer pricing regimes. A discussion of relevant aspects of the legislative process, including the formulation of a transfer pricing policy, and the role and content of administrative guidance, is combined with the presentation of country examples on the practical application and implementation of the arm’s length principle and on running an effective transfer pricing audit program. Recognizing the importance of transfer pricing regulation and administration for the business environment and investor confidence, this handbook aims to balance the general objective of protecting a country’s tax base and raising additional revenue with investment climate considerations wherever appropriate.
