Trancriptome Profiling of Bovine Milk with Special Emphasis on Oligosaccharide Metabolism Genes PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Trancriptome Profiling of Bovine Milk with Special Emphasis on Oligosaccharide Metabolism Genes PDF full book. Access full book title Trancriptome Profiling of Bovine Milk with Special Emphasis on Oligosaccharide Metabolism Genes by Saumya Wickramasinghe. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Saumya Wickramasinghe
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267252845
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cow milk is a complex bioactive fluid consumed by humans beyond infancy. It contains many nutrients and a diverse cocktail of bioactive factors. Even though the chemical and physical properties of cow milk are well characterized, very limited research has been done on characterizing the milk transcriptome. This research project was designed to study the transcriptome of bovine milk somatic cells by RNA sequencing with a special emphasis on genes encoding enzymes in milk oligosaccharide metabolism. First a detailed literature review was conducted on milk oligosaccharides and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology (chapter 2). Next, RNA-seq was conducted on cDNA libraries constructed from milk somatic cells collected at days 15, 90 and 250 of lactation Holstein cows (chapter 3). In this chapter a global analysis was conducted on the bovine milk transcriptome. This was followed by a detailed analysis on the expression of genes encoding major milk components (lactose, protein, fat), proteases and genes in ubiquitin- proteasome pathway. In chapter 4 genes coding for enzymes involved in bovine milk oligosaccharide metabolism was examined by comparing the oligosaccharide profiles with the expressions of 121 glycosylation-related genes in milk somatic cells of Holstein and Jersey cows at days 15 and 250 of lactation. Finally, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery analysis was performed on a larger group of Holstein cows (14 samples) consisting of RNA-Seq reads obtained from milk and mammary tissue cDNA libraries. Analysis was also performed in RNA-Seq reads obtained from milk cDNA libraries of Jersey, Shorthorn and Brown Swiss cows of smaller sample sizes. A detailed analysis was also conducted on the SNP detected on 121 glycosylation related genes (chapter 5). Milk transcriptome analysis had shown the unique properties of milk and the ability of milk cells to adapt different molecular functions according to the biological need of the animal. Study on genes in bovine milk oligosaccharide metabolism provided considerable insight into bovine milk glycobiology and its underlying genetic mechanisms. The SNP profiling provided a valuable resource of thousands of coding SNP expressed in the milk and mammary gland of dairy cows. Results of this study herein provided a valuable insight into the biology of lactation in the cow, as well as many avenues for future research on the bovine lactome.
Author: Saumya Wickramasinghe
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267252845
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cow milk is a complex bioactive fluid consumed by humans beyond infancy. It contains many nutrients and a diverse cocktail of bioactive factors. Even though the chemical and physical properties of cow milk are well characterized, very limited research has been done on characterizing the milk transcriptome. This research project was designed to study the transcriptome of bovine milk somatic cells by RNA sequencing with a special emphasis on genes encoding enzymes in milk oligosaccharide metabolism. First a detailed literature review was conducted on milk oligosaccharides and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology (chapter 2). Next, RNA-seq was conducted on cDNA libraries constructed from milk somatic cells collected at days 15, 90 and 250 of lactation Holstein cows (chapter 3). In this chapter a global analysis was conducted on the bovine milk transcriptome. This was followed by a detailed analysis on the expression of genes encoding major milk components (lactose, protein, fat), proteases and genes in ubiquitin- proteasome pathway. In chapter 4 genes coding for enzymes involved in bovine milk oligosaccharide metabolism was examined by comparing the oligosaccharide profiles with the expressions of 121 glycosylation-related genes in milk somatic cells of Holstein and Jersey cows at days 15 and 250 of lactation. Finally, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery analysis was performed on a larger group of Holstein cows (14 samples) consisting of RNA-Seq reads obtained from milk and mammary tissue cDNA libraries. Analysis was also performed in RNA-Seq reads obtained from milk cDNA libraries of Jersey, Shorthorn and Brown Swiss cows of smaller sample sizes. A detailed analysis was also conducted on the SNP detected on 121 glycosylation related genes (chapter 5). Milk transcriptome analysis had shown the unique properties of milk and the ability of milk cells to adapt different molecular functions according to the biological need of the animal. Study on genes in bovine milk oligosaccharide metabolism provided considerable insight into bovine milk glycobiology and its underlying genetic mechanisms. The SNP profiling provided a valuable resource of thousands of coding SNP expressed in the milk and mammary gland of dairy cows. Results of this study herein provided a valuable insight into the biology of lactation in the cow, as well as many avenues for future research on the bovine lactome.
Author: Giuseppe Poli
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832500129
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 110
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Bianca Castiglioni
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3036508961
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 188
Get Book Here
Book Description
Wood surface attributes can be established by examining its several different physical or chemical properties. Differences in the wood surfaces occur between the manufacturing and post-treatment processes as well. Understanding how their unique anisotropic molecular organization, chemical linkages, branching, and other molecular features govern micro- and macroscale accessibility is essential for coating and complex modification processes. It is therefore important for scientific as well as practical reasons to qualify and quantify the effects of wood surface treatments and modifications. Challenges still exist to fully understanding the effect of the numerous applied chemicals and the wide range of treatment processes on wood surfaces.
Author: Ronald Ross Watson
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128097639
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 492
Get Book Here
Book Description
Nutrients in Dairy and Their Implications for Health and Disease addresses various dairy products and their impact on health. This comprehensive book is divided into three sections and presents a balanced overview of the health benefits of milk and milk products. Summaries capture the most salient points of each chapter, and the importance of milk and its products as functional foods is addressed throughout. Presents various dairy products and their impact on health Provides information on dairy milk as an important source of micro-and macronutrients that impact body functions Addresses dietary supplements and their incorporation into dairy products
Author: Charis M. Galanakis
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128231556
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 408
Get Book Here
Book Description
Innovative Food Analysis presents a modern perspective on the development of robust, effective and sensitive techniques to ensure safety, quality and traceability of foods to meet industry standards. Significant enhancements of analytical accuracy, precision, detection limits and sampling has expanded the practical range of food applications, hence this reference offers modern food analysis in view of new trends in analytical techniques and applications to support both the scientific community and industry professionals. This reference covers the latest topics across existing and new technologies, giving emphasis on food authenticity, traceability, food fraud, food quality, food contaminants, sensory and nutritional analytics, and more. Covers the last ten years of applications across existing and new technologies of food analytics Presents an emphasis on techniques in food authenticity, traceability and food fraud Discusses bioavailability testing and product analysis of food allergens and foodomics
Author: Raffaele De Caterina
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128045876
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 586
Get Book Here
Book Description
Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics: Fundamentals for Individualized Nutrition is the most comprehensive foundational text on the complex topics of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Edited by three leaders in the field with contributions from the most well-cited researchers conducting groundbreaking research in the field, the book covers how the genetic makeup influences the response to foods and nutrients and how nutrients affect gene expression. Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics: Fundamentals for Individualized Nutrition is broken into four parts providing a valuable overview of genetics, nutrigenetics, and nutrigenomics, and a conclusion that helps to translate research into practice. With an overview of the background, evidence, challenges, and opportunities in the field, readers will come away with a strong understanding of how this new science is the frontier of medical nutrition. Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics: Fundamentals for Individualized Nutrition is a valuable reference for students and researchers studying nutrition, genetics, medicine, and related fields. Uniquely foundational, comprehensive, and systematic approach with full evidence-based coverage of established and emerging topics in nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics Includes a valuable guide to ethics for genetic testing for nutritional advice Chapters include definitions, methods, summaries, figures, and tables to help students, researchers, and faculty grasp key concepts Companion website includes slide decks, images, questions, and other teaching and learning aids designed to facilitate communication and comprehension of the content presented in the book
Author: Food Forum
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030926586X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 197
Get Book Here
Book Description
The Food Forum convened a public workshop on February 22-23, 2012, to explore current and emerging knowledge of the human microbiome, its role in human health, its interaction with the diet, and the translation of new research findings into tools and products that improve the nutritional quality of the food supply. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop. Over the two day workshop, several themes covered included: The microbiome is integral to human physiology, health, and disease. The microbiome is arguably the most intimate connection that humans have with their external environment, mostly through diet. Given the emerging nature of research on the microbiome, some important methodology issues might still have to be resolved with respect to undersampling and a lack of causal and mechanistic studies. Dietary interventions intended to have an impact on host biology via their impact on the microbiome are being developed, and the market for these products is seeing tremendous success. However, the current regulatory framework poses challenges to industry interest and investment.
Author: Mousumi Debnath
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048132614
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 527
Get Book Here
Book Description
A rapid development in diverse areas of molecular biology and genetic engineering resulted in emergence of variety of tools. These tools are not only applicable to basic researches being carried out world over, but also exploited for precise detection of abnormal conditions in plants, animals and human body. Although a basic researcher is well versed with few techniques used by him/her in the laboratory, they may not be well acquainted with methodologies, which can be used to work out some of their own research problems. The picture is more blurred when the molecular diagnostic tools are to be used by physicians, scientists and technicians working in diagnostic laboratories in hospitals, industry and academic institutions. Since many of them are not trained in basics of these methods, they come across several gray areas in understanding of these tools. The accurate application of molecular diagnostic tools demands in depth understanding of the methodology for precise detection of the abnormal condition of living body. To meet the requirements of a good book on molecular diagnostics of students, physicians, scientists working in agricultural, veterinary, medical and pharmaceutical sciences, it needs to expose the reader lucidly to: Give basic science behind commonly used tools in diagnostics Expose the readers to detailed applications of these tools and Make them aware the availability of such diagnostic tools The book will attract additional audience of pathologists, medical microbiologists, pharmaceutical sciences, agricultural scientists and veterinary doctors if the following topics are incorporated at appropriate places in Unit II or separately as a part of Unit-III in the book. Molecular diagnosis of diseases in agricultural crops Molecular diagnosis of veterinary diseases. Molecular epidemiology, which helps to differentiate various epidemic strains and sources of disease outbreaks. Even in different units of the same hospital, the infections could be by different strains of the same species and the information becomes valuable for infection control strategies. Drug resistance is a growing problem for bacterial, fungal and parasitic microbes and the molecular biology tools can help to detect the drug resistance genes without the cultivation and in vitro sensitivity testing. Molecular diagnostics offers faster help in the selection of the proper antibiotic for the treatment of tuberculosis, which is a major problem of the in the developing world. The conventional culture and drug sensitivity testing of tuberculosis bacilli is laborious and time consuming, whereas molecular diagnosis offers rapid drug resistant gene detection even from direct clinical samples. The same approach for HIV, malaria and many more diseases needs to be considered. Molecular diagnostics in the detection of diseases during foetal life is an upcoming area in the foetal medicine in case of genetic abnormalities and infectious like TORCH complex etc. The book will be equally useful to students, scientists and professionals working in the field of molecular diagnostics.
Author: R. Michael Akers
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119279674
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 291
Get Book Here
Book Description
Michael Akers provides the basics for understanding mammary development and lactation and conveys the critical regulatory events in lactation. This text willl prove to be an invaluable overview of mamorary development and lactation for undergraduates and graduates studying lactation, new researchers, and as a review for established scientists. Additionally, the book will be an important resource for professionals in the animal and dairy industry and for those in other scientific disciplines such as food chemistry, cell biology, and endocrinology whose work is closely tied to mammary gland development and function. Lactation and the Mammary Gland covers growth and development of the mammary gland including comparisons between species. It imparts and emphasizes the critical nature of mammary growth and the onset of lactation at the time of parturition. Special emphasis is given to the endocrine and growth factor regulation of both mammogenesis and lactogenesis. A thorough discussion of the role of growth hormone in development and maintenance of lactation or galactopoiesis adds to this book's value as a text and reference. The author reviews the presence of hormones, growth factors, and other bioactive compounds in milk and mammary secretions as well as the potential for use of the mammary gland as a bioreactor in the pharmaceutical industry. A description of the nutritional and management factors in milk production round out the book's comprehensive coverage.
Author: Catherine W. Donnelly
Publisher: ASM Press
ISBN: 1555818595
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 346
Get Book Here
Book Description
A scientific overview of the association of microbes with cheese, through the lens of select cheese varieties that result due to surface mold ripening, internal mold ripening, rind washing, cave aging, or surface smear rind development. Over the past decade, there has been explosive growth in the U.S. artisan cheese industry. The editor, Ms. Donnelly, was involved in developing a comprehensive education curriculum for those new to cheese making, which focused on the science of cheese, principally to promote cheese quality and safety. Many of the chapters in this book focus on aspects of that requisite knowledge. • Explains the process of transformation of milk to cheese and how sensory attributes of cheese are evaluated. • Provides an overview of cheese safety and regulations governing cheese making, both in the US and abroad, to ensure safety. • Explores how the tools of molecular biology provide new insights into the complexity of the microbial biodiversity of cheeses. • Examines the biodiversity of traditional cheeses as a result of traditional practices, and overviews research on the stability of the microbial consortium of select traditional cheese varieties. • Key text for cheese makers, scientists, students, and cheese enthusiasts who wish to expand their knowledge of cheeses and traditional foods.
