Trace Metals and Other Elements in Crude Oil PDF Download
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Author: British Petroleum Company
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Author: British Petroleum Company
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: Peter Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Petroleum
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Author: Vlado Valković
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Author: Claudius W. Dwiggins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Petroleum
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Author: A. Prinzhofer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : And asphaltenes
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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A method was developed to analyze direct trace and ultra-trace metal elements in crude oil nd its fractions (maltenes-asphaltenes) by ICP-MS after sample dilution in xylene. Efficient introduction of organic compounds requires addition of O2 for complete combustion of the sample; carbon deposit on cones (interface) and extraction lenses was minimized by optimization of argon to oxygen ratio in the plasma. A PFA-100 (100 ?l.mn-1) MicroFlow Nebulizer and a Scott "double pass" chilled spray chamber were associated for an optimal introduction of petroleum products. The Q-ICP/MS was equipped with platinum cones to limit drifts caused by cone corrosion during an organic analysis. A standard addition method was realized for the calibration procedure in order to control the matrix effects. Method validation was completed by analyzing three certified reference materials from the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST 1085b, NIST 1084a, and NIST 1634c accuracies were approximately 10 %. Detection limit of ultra trace elements in xylene were at pg.g-1 level. A clean PFA filter system was developed to separate the oil fractions (maltenes and asphaltenes) by precipitation of asphaltenes (heavy fraction) in n-heptane. For optimal detection conditions, the samples were diluted in xylene according to their pre-estimated element concentration range. Total mass balance shows a recovery close to 100 % for Ni, V, Cu, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, and Pb. These results show that elements analyzed are highly concentrated in the asphaltenic fraction.
Author: Teh Fu Yen
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Author: M. Gonzales
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crude oil analysis
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Metals and other contaminating elements found in low concentrations (10 ppm or less) in crude oil can alter the conversion of refinery feedstocks by poisoning catalysts. Organic matrices, such as crude oil, can cause complications when analyzing for trace elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). This study addresses some of the problems associated with direct analysis of P, Mo, Zn, Pb, Ni, Sn, Fe, Cr, V, Ca, Cu, Ti, Ba, As, Hg, Se, Sb, and Mg in crude oil using this technique. Specific areas addressed were solvent selectivity, spectral overlap, and the use of an internal standard to overcome sample inconsistencies such as viscosity. Kerosine was selected, instead of xylene or MIBK, as the best solvent based on a study of detection limits. A list of preferred wavelengths, included in the report, is based upon a scanning study that determined spectral overlap and sensitivity. The use of scandium as an internal standard overcomes delivery and nebulization problems associated with variations in viscosity and also drift in the instrument. Recovery experiments on crude oil samples containing known amounts of the elements of interest show greater than 90% recovery on 14 of the 18 elements listed.
Author: R. A. Nadkarni
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN: 0803114168
Category : Lubrication and lubricants
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Author: O. I. Milner
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483185222
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Analysis of Petroleum for Trace Elements details the methods for detecting the elements that are natural in various forms in petroleum. The book covers research and control applications, along with various types of petroleum stocks and products. The selection first covers the occurrence and importance of traces of non-hydrocarbon constituents, and then proceeds to tackling the principles and practices. The subsequent chapters cover the analytical and recommended method for analysis of a specific element, such as copper, iron, lead, and sulfur. The book will be of great use to scientists, engineers, and technicians involved in the oil industry.
Author: P. Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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