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Author: Schahin Tofangchi
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736962002
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
The ubiquitousness of data and the emergence of data-driven machine learning approaches provide new means of creating insights. However, coping with the great volume, velocity, and variety of data requires improved data analysis methods. This dissertation contributes a nascent design theory, named the Division-of-Labor framework, for developing complex machine learning systems that can not only address the challenges of big data but also leverage their characteristics to perform more sophisticated analyses. I evaluate the proposed design principles in three practical settings, in which I apply the principles to design machine learning systems that (i) support treatment decision making for cancer patients, (ii) provide consumers with recommendations on two-sided platforms, and (iii) address a trade-off between efficiency and comfort in the context of autonomous vehicles. The evaluations partially validate the proposed theory, but also show that some principles require further attention in order to be practicable.
Author: Schahin Tofangchi
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736962002
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 202
Get Book Here
Book Description
The ubiquitousness of data and the emergence of data-driven machine learning approaches provide new means of creating insights. However, coping with the great volume, velocity, and variety of data requires improved data analysis methods. This dissertation contributes a nascent design theory, named the Division-of-Labor framework, for developing complex machine learning systems that can not only address the challenges of big data but also leverage their characteristics to perform more sophisticated analyses. I evaluate the proposed design principles in three practical settings, in which I apply the principles to design machine learning systems that (i) support treatment decision making for cancer patients, (ii) provide consumers with recommendations on two-sided platforms, and (iii) address a trade-off between efficiency and comfort in the context of autonomous vehicles. The evaluations partially validate the proposed theory, but also show that some principles require further attention in order to be practicable.
Author: Chip Huyen
Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN: 1098107918
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 387
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Book Description
Machine learning systems are both complex and unique. Complex because they consist of many different components and involve many different stakeholders. Unique because they're data dependent, with data varying wildly from one use case to the next. In this book, you'll learn a holistic approach to designing ML systems that are reliable, scalable, maintainable, and adaptive to changing environments and business requirements. Author Chip Huyen, co-founder of Claypot AI, considers each design decision--such as how to process and create training data, which features to use, how often to retrain models, and what to monitor--in the context of how it can help your system as a whole achieve its objectives. The iterative framework in this book uses actual case studies backed by ample references. This book will help you tackle scenarios such as: Engineering data and choosing the right metrics to solve a business problem Automating the process for continually developing, evaluating, deploying, and updating models Developing a monitoring system to quickly detect and address issues your models might encounter in production Architecting an ML platform that serves across use cases Developing responsible ML systems
Author: Christoph Prinz
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736968027
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Smart sustainable mobility ecosystems promise to address society’s expectation of environmentally friendly on-demand mobility. While the technology stack to build such ecosystems is just around the corner in the form of connected, automated, and electric vehicles, strategies to deploy and operate such fleets in a coordinated manner must still be advanced. Most of such optimization challenges highly depend on the nature of customer demand, vehicle supply, and environmental influences. Hence, this dissertation investigates how available data streams from mobility ecosystems can be leveraged in Information Systems to solve related decision problems. The overarching goal of this work is to generate design knowledge to improve vehicle availability, provider profitability, and environmental sustainability for such ecosystems. Applying quantitative methods to real-world data from shared vehicle systems generates insights into the nature of demand and supply. Combining it with an analysis of empirical research on vehicle relocation algorithms builds the foundation for two artifact designs. The first artifact enables the development and simulation-based evaluation of operation modes for vehicle fleets. The second artifact enables artificial intelligence-based decision support for the vehicle rebalancing problem. The insights are finally incorporated and generalized to a nascent design theory on data-enabled operational decision-making in the context of smart sustainable mobility environments. The findings have multifaceted implications for researchers concerned with data-enabled value creation in Green IS, shared economy and smart mobility, and business analytics and data science. Furthermore, guidance for fleet providers to improve system attractiveness and for society to experience the potential amount of vehicle access without personal ownership is provided.
Author: Ariel Geib
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031015789
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
Human decision-making often transcends our formal models of "rationality." Designing intelligent agents that interact proficiently with people necessitates the modeling of human behavior and the prediction of their decisions. In this book, we explore the task of automatically predicting human decision-making and its use in designing intelligent human-aware automated computer systems of varying natures—from purely conflicting interaction settings (e.g., security and games) to fully cooperative interaction settings (e.g., autonomous driving and personal robotic assistants). We explore the techniques, algorithms, and empirical methodologies for meeting the challenges that arise from the above tasks and illustrate major benefits from the use of these computational solutions in real-world application domains such as security, negotiations, argumentative interactions, voting systems, autonomous driving, and games. The book presents both the traditional and classical methods as well as the most recent and cutting edge advances, providing the reader with a panorama of the challenges and solutions in predicting human decision-making.
Author: Sasha Costanza-Chock
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262043459
Category : Design
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
An exploration of how design might be led by marginalized communities, dismantle structural inequality, and advance collective liberation and ecological survival. What is the relationship between design, power, and social justice? “Design justice” is an approach to design that is led by marginalized communities and that aims expilcitly to challenge, rather than reproduce, structural inequalities. It has emerged from a growing community of designers in various fields who work closely with social movements and community-based organizations around the world. This book explores the theory and practice of design justice, demonstrates how universalist design principles and practices erase certain groups of people—specifically, those who are intersectionally disadvantaged or multiply burdened under the matrix of domination (white supremacist heteropatriarchy, ableism, capitalism, and settler colonialism)—and invites readers to “build a better world, a world where many worlds fit; linked worlds of collective liberation and ecological sustainability.” Along the way, the book documents a multitude of real-world community-led design practices, each grounded in a particular social movement. Design Justice goes beyond recent calls for design for good, user-centered design, and employment diversity in the technology and design professions; it connects design to larger struggles for collective liberation and ecological survival.
Author: Johannes Riquel
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736966466
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
Conversational Agents (CAs) are changing the way people interact in their daily lives. Specifically, CAs such as chatbots or voice assistants are increasingly covering services traditionally provided by human employees. CA-based services are available at any time and in any capacity, providing convenience and comfort while overcoming the limitations of human employees. However, many CAs are imperfect and prone to errors, such as frequently misinterpreting users’ requests, which leads to a mismatch between the expectations of the service and the service provided. As a result, some CA-based services have been discontinued in the past. In this context, a human-like design of CAs potentially offers a valuable approach to enhancing the user’s perception of a service. Prior research shows that this leads to individuals interacting with a human-like CA as if they would interact with a real individual. Furthermore, human-like errors could be considered a social cue, since it is human nature to make errors. To address the overall research area of CAs imperfections, four studies were conducted and synthesized in this dissertation. The studies provide novel insights into the design of human-like text-based CAs interrelated with the occurrence of CA imperfections, including human-like errors. Through a set of experiments, four major contributions are provided. First, the human-like design of imperfect CAs can mitigate the negative individuals’ perceptions, if implemented carefully. Second, the human-like design of imperfect CAs can shift individuals into a positive emotional state which increases service satisfaction. Third, human-like errors are not perceived as human-like and should not be employed in CA-based service encounters at present. Fourth, not every CA-based service requires a high level of human-like design, as the expectations of a CA-based service may be as different as the expectations of traditional human-based services.
Author: William F. Lawless
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030772837
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 566
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Book Description
This book provides a broad overview of the benefits from a Systems Engineering design philosophy in architecting complex systems composed of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and humans situated in chaotic environments. The major topics include emergence, verification and validation of systems using AI/ML and human systems integration to develop robust and effective human-machine teams—where the machines may have varying degrees of autonomy due to the sophistication of their embedded AI/ML. The chapters not only describe what has been learned, but also raise questions that must be answered to further advance the general Science of Autonomy. The science of how humans and machines operate as a team requires insights from, among others, disciplines such as the social sciences, national and international jurisprudence, ethics and policy, and sociology and psychology. The social sciences inform how context is constructed, how trust is affected when humans and machines depend upon each other and how human-machine teams need a shared language of explanation. National and international jurisprudence determine legal responsibilities of non-trivial human-machine failures, ethical standards shape global policy, and sociology provides a basis for understanding team norms across cultures. Insights from psychology may help us to understand the negative impact on humans if AI/ML based machines begin to outperform their human teammates and consequently diminish their value or importance. This book invites professionals and the curious alike to witness a new frontier open as the Science of Autonomy emerges.
Author: Patryk Zapadka
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736964633
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung müssen Unternehmen ihre Prozesse, Produkte und Geschäftsmodelle anpassen, um ihre Innovations- sowie Wettbewerbsfähigkeit aufrecht zu erhalten. Aufgrund dessen müssen Unternehmen ihre bestehenden Kompetenzen erneuern, indem sie neues Wissen aus der digitalen Sphäre wertstiftend integrieren. Dies stellt jedoch eine erhebliche Herausforderung dar, insbesondere für etablierte Unternehmen, da die konvergente und generative Natur der digitalen Innovation nicht nur den Prozess der Wissensintegration dynamischer macht, sondern auch die Vielfalt und Menge des Wissens erhöht, das über die Unternehmensgrenzen hinweg integriert werden muss. Um diese Herausforderung näher zu beleuchten und Lösungsansätze zu evaluieren, wurden vier Studien durchgeführt und in dieser kumulativen Dissertation zusammengestellt. Diese Studien geben Einblicke in die Besonderheiten der Wissensintegration im Kontext digitaler Innovationen und fördern das Verständnis dafür, wie etablierte Unternehmen die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen bewältigen können. Dabei wird insbesondere der Einsatz von Grenzressourcen, wie bspw. Programmierschnittstellen (APIs), untersucht, da sie einen wesentlichen Mechanismus zur Skalierung der Wissensintegration in digital(isierenden) Geschäftsökosystemen darstellen. In the age of digitalization, companies need to adapt their processes, products, and business models to maintain their capability to innovate and thus to ensure their competitiveness. As a result, companies need to renew their existing competencies by integrating new and valuable knowledge from the digital sphere. However, this poses a significant managerial challenge, especially for established companies, as the convergent and generative nature of digital innovation not only makes the process of knowledge integration more dynamic, but also increases the diversity and amount of knowledge that needs to be integrated across organizational boundaries. To shed more light on this challenge and evaluate possible solutions, four studies were conducted and compiled in this cumulative dissertation. These studies provide insights into the unique nature of knowledge integration in the context of digital innovation and advance the understanding of how incumbent firms can address the associated challenges. In particular, the use of boundary resources such as application programming interfaces (APIs) is examined, as they represent a key mechanism for scaling knowledge integration in digital(izing) business ecosystems.
Author: Hannes Kurtz
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736964021
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
In an ever more digitized world, it necessary to embed digital technology in business strategy, leading to an overarching phenomenon called the digital business strategy. Accordingly, this thesis sets out to advance the understanding, the digital business strategy concept in general as well as its influence on a company’s performance. At the same time, incumbents are often constrained by path dependencies and inertia as executives tend to make use of prior experiences and favor strategic choices they are familiar with over unfamiliar As a consequence, companies may stick to a specific path which restrains transformational change. Accordingly, the study elucidates the ongoing digital transformation as it manifests itself in the evolution of incumbents’ digital business strategies. In addition, this thesis seeks to derive important implications for business practice, as it helps practitioners to develop a better understanding of digital business strategies, especially considering that digitalization challenges the conventional wisdom of competition. This is particularly important, as with increasing digitalization, tightly integrated digital business strategies will be among the biggest determinants of a company’s future success. In einer immer stärker digitalisierten Welt ist es wichtig digitale Technologien in die Geschäftsstrategie eines Unternehmens einzubetten, was zu einem übergreifenden Phänomen führt, das als digitale Geschäftsstrategie bezeichnet wird. Dementsprechend zielt diese Arbeit darauf ab, das Verständnis des Konzepts der digitalen Geschäftsstrategie im Allgemeinen sowie dessen Einfluss auf die Performance eines Unternehmens zu verbessern. Gleichzeitig sind etablierte Unternehmen oft durch Pfadabhängigkeiten und Trägheit eingeschränkt, da Führungskräfte dazu neigen, auf frühere Erfahrungen zurückzugreifen und strategische Entscheidungen, mit denen sie vertraut sind, gegenüber unbekannten Optionen zu bevorzugen In der Folge verharren Unternehmen auf einem bestimmten strategischen Pfad, was transformatorischen Wandel hemmt. Dementsprechend beleuchtet die Studie die laufende digitale Transformation und wie diese sich in der Entwicklung der digitalen Geschäftsstrategien etablierter Unternehmen manifestiert. Darüber hinaus versucht diese Arbeit, wichtige Implikationen für die Unternehmenspraxis abzuleiten, da sie Praktikern hilft, ein besseres Verständnis für digitale Geschäftsstrategien zu entwickeln, insbesondere in Anbetracht der Tatsache, dass die Digitalisierung die konventionelle Weisheit des Wettbewerbs herausfordert. Dies ist besonders wichtig, da mit zunehmender Digitalisierung eng integrierte digitale Geschäftsstrategien zu den größten Determinanten für den zukünftigen Erfolg eines Unternehmens gehören werden.
Author: Fabian Nischak
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736963289
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
The Internet’s emergence has significantly changed how people, communities, and societies behave, interact, and live. Today, people are accustomed to fulfilling their needs by taking advantage of giant online places for, e.g., the exchange of goods, video streaming, or social interaction. A driving force within this powerful development is represented by the growing diffusion of digital technologies. Enabled by technological advances, nearly every artifact is or can be equipped with digital technologies. With the increasing digitization and hybridization of physical objects established innovation and value commercialization logics are brought into question. Recapitulating today’s prominent players, such as Amazon, Facebook, Apple, etc., highlights the emergence of a new ecosystem philosophy in practice in which diverse third-party contributors are orchestrated via a digital platform and carefully considered in the core firms’ innovation activities. To shed light on this complex phenomena, this dissertation explores, first, the ecosystem concept and its particular relation to information systems, second, investigates the specific situation of industrial-age manufacturing contexts characterized by a physical core product that cannot be digitally substituted and, third, focusses on the specific nature of digital platform ecosystems to distill respective dimensions and characteristics.
