Thyroid Hormone-induced Changes in Gene Expression in the Bullfrog, Rana Catesbeiana, Tadpole Liver PDF Download
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Author: Caren Christiane Helbing
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bullfrog
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Author: Caren Christiane Helbing
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bullfrog
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
![Thyroid Hormone-induced Actin Gene Expression During Postembryonic Development in Rana Catesbeiana [microform] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/jPMSvwEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Li Zheng
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN: 9780612681187
Category : Actin
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Amphibian metamorphosis involves a complex but coordinate transformation of individual tissues in a tadpole. It is becoming increasingly clear that thyroid hormone controls metamorphosis by regulating a cascade of gene expression in this process. Thus, the overall objective of my thesis was to establish whether or not thyroid hormone induces the expression of one or more of the actin genes in the heart or other tissues/organs of the metamorphosing Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog) tadpole. In order to accomplish my objective, I isolated and characterized the cDNAs and genomic DNAs encoding various isoforms of actin in this amphibian and, subsequently, evaluated the expression of the genes encoding these actin isoforms.
Author: Yuqing Eugene Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bullfrog
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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![Expression of Genes Encoding the Heavy Chains of Myosin in the Tail Muscle of Thyroid Hormone-induced Metamorphosing Rana Catesbeiana Tadpoles [microform] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/sGo3vwEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Huimin Hu
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN: 9780612212916
Category : Gene expression
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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The complete regression of a tadpole's tail during its transition to a frog is dramatic and a morphological hallmark of amphibian metamorphosis. Studies of tail regression indicate that the destruction of this organ involves a genetic program which is initiated by thyroid hormone and consists of several phases, all of which are thought to involve changes in gene expression. Previous studies, focused on the initial phase of tail regression in the Rana catesbeiana tadpole, have shown that a decrease in the rate of synthesis of some myofibrillar proteins, such as the myosin heavy chains, is an early, thyroid hormone-mediated event. However, the question of whether this event results from regulatory mechanisms operating at the level of transcription and/or translation has not been addressed. Thus, the overall objective of my studies was to establish what effect thyroid hormone has on the expression of mRNAs encoding the heavy chains of myosin in the tail muscle of hormone-treated tadpoles, and, to accomplish my objective, I first had to isolate and characterize cDNAs encoding the myosin heavy chains found in the tail muscle of this tadpole. The results of my investigations demonstrate (1) that the genes which encode at least five of the myosin heavy chains expressed in the tadpole tail muscle are also expressed in the hindlimb muscles of tadpoles at metamorphic climax and in the limb muscles of adult frogs, (2) that thyroid hormone treatment of the tadpole does not repress the level of these mRNAs in its tail, but, instead, appears to promote an accumulation in the level of at least four of the mRNAs encoding these myosin heavy chains, and (3) that the thyroid hormone-induced up-regulation in the levels of the myosin heavy chain mRNAs is early and coincidental with an up-regulation in the levels of mRNAs encoding TR$\alpha,$ TR$\beta$ and the Rana homologue of a mammalian C/EBP-$\delta.$ These results suggest that the thyroid hormone-induced decrease in the rate of myosin heavy chain synthesis in the tadpole tail muscle is not related to a depression in the amount of mRNAs encoding the tadpole (stage-specific) isoforms of the myosin heavy chains.
Author: Fernand V. Gauthier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Amphibians
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Author: Daniel F. Lyman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Amphibian metamorphosis
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Author: Yuqing Eugene Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bullfrog
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Fernand V. Gauthier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Amphibians
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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![Transcriptomic Analysis of Thyroid Hormone Effects on Rana [Lithobates] Catesbeiana Tadpole Tissues with Special Emphasis on the Innate Immune System PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/Wb_8zQEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Shireen Hanna Partovi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Amphibian metamorphosis is facilitated solely by thyroid hormones (THs), L-thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3). TH modulates the remodeling of many different organs and systems in the body of developing tadpoles, including the immune system. Previous research found evidence of T4 action on direct-response genes in outer ring deiodinase-poor premetamorphic tadpole tail fin and liver without the required conversion to T3 described by current TH dogma. The mechanisms of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may be better understood by expanding our understanding of the transcriptomic effects of both forms of THs and how they relate to estrogen signaling. Furthermore, analysis of TH-modulation of the immune system may enable a greater understanding of the devastating effects of amphibian pathogens such as Ranavirus. Premetamorphic Rana (Lithobates) catesbeiana tadpoles were exposed to physiological concentrations of T4, T3, or 17-beta-estradiol (E2) through water bath immersion. qPCR analysis was performed to assess the response of canonical TH-responsive genes thra, thrb, and thibz to these hormones in the liver and tail fin tissues of bullfrog tadpoles. E2 treatment did not elicit a response in these gene transcripts in either tissue. T3 treatment in the tail fin elicited an overall stronger response than T4, while T4 treatment in the liver recapitulated results consistent with non-genomic mechanisms of T4 signaling for thrb and thibz transcripts. Illumina Hiseq2500 was used to sequence RNA isolated from hormone-treated premetamorphic tadpole liver and tail fin tissues to assess differential transcriptomic responses and identify TH-responsive immune system-associated transcripts. The impact of TH-treatment on the general immune system in the liver and tail fin transcriptomes was also analyzed using RNA-seq data. We found that E2 modulates at least some shared TH pathways in the liver, but none in the tail fin and that the tail fin transcriptome is more affected by T3, while the liver transcriptome is more affected by T4. Additionally, evidence of immune system modulation by both THs was found in both the liver and tail fin transcriptomes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an important component of the amphibian immune response. Details regarding the regulation, synthesis, and expression of AMPs remain obscure, although evidence of TH-modulation of specific AMPs has been identified, as well as evidence of increased expression of AMPs throughout metamorphosis. Frog skin is a prolific source of AMPs that may prove useful in the quest for alternative antimicrobial agents in the face of antibiotic resistance. Identification of new AMPs is hindered by the practical limitations of classical protein-based discovery approaches. By using known AMP characteristics and common ¬AMP properties, we developed a high throughput bioinformatics approach predicated on the use of R. catesbeiana genome resources. We mined these resources and identified novel and known AMPs that exhibited verified antimicrobial activity against various bacterial organisms. This thesis sought to elucidate the differential and modulatory effects of both forms of TH on a transcriptomic level and in the context of immunity, and to examine the utility of the bullfrog transcriptome and genomics resources in identifying and characterizing novel bullfrog-derived AMPs and elucidating aspects of AMP expression.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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