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Author: Thorsten Foltz
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 365627813X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : de
Pages : 41
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Book Description
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich VWL - Finanzwissenschaft, Note: 1,3, Universität Siegen, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Wirtschaftskrisen, sei es in Form einer Schulden-, Banken-, Inflations- oder Wechselkurskrise bzw. einer Mischung dieser, sind keine Ereignisse welche sich auf das 20. oder 21. Jahrhundert beschränken, sondern seit Jahrhunderten, in verschiedener Form und Stärke, in allen Wirtschaftssystemen auftreten. Schon im Spätmittelalter handelten die einzelnen Volkswirtschaften miteinander, der Geldverkehr war davon nicht ausgenommen. Es liegt in der Natur der Kreditvergabe, dass es zu Zahlungsausfällen kommen kann. Dementsprechend sind souveräne Staaten frühzeitig ihren Schuldverpflichtungen nicht nachgekommen. So konnte z. B. König Edward III. von England im 14. Jahrhundert nicht seine Schulden bei florentinischen Finanziers bedienen. Frankreich konnte zwischen dem 16. und 18. Jahrhundert in insgesamt 8 Fällen seine Auslandsschulden nicht bedienen. Griechenland befand sich zwischen 1800 und 2008 in 50,6% der Jahre entweder in einer Schuldenkrise oder in einer Umschuldungsphase. Argentinien, welches 2001 Auslandsschulden in Höhe von mehr als 95 Mrd. US-$ nicht begleichen konnte, hält bis heute den Rekord für den größten Zahlungsausfall. Im Zuge der Globalisierung sind auch bzw. gerade die Finanzmärkte eng miteinander verbunden. Besonders gilt dies für die USA und die EU. Aufgrund dessen konnte aus einer Im-mobilienkrise der USA eine globale Finanzkrise entstehen und führte zur gegenwärtigen Krise in der EU. Die Problematik einer Finanzkrise besteht in der Gefahr, die übrige Wirtschaft schädigen zu können. Bei einem gestörten Interbankenhandel kann es zu einem Liquiditätsengpass bei den Kreditinstituten und damit zu einer geringeren oder im Extremfall keiner Kreditvergabe an Unternehmen kommen. Der Einbruch der Weltwirtschaft, mit schleichendem Beginn 2007, wurde von nur wenigen Ökonomen prognostiziert. Das anschließende, teils unkoordinierte Verhalten der beteiligten Akteure, besonders mit Beginn der Krise in Europa, verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit eines Systems, welches möglichst zuverlässig zukünftige Wirtschaftskrisen prognostizieren kann. Eine Möglichkeit könnte in dem Modell der Self-Organizing Financial Stability Map (SOFSM) von Peter Sarlin und Tuomas A. Peltonen liegen. Die SOFSM ist eine SOM, die angewandt wird um den Zustand der finanziellen Stabilität abzubilden und Ursachen für Risiken im Finanzsystem zu diagnostizieren, sowie kommende, System bedrohende, Finanzkrisen im Voraus zu erkennen.
Author: Thorsten Foltz
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 365627813X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : de
Pages : 41
Get Book Here
Book Description
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich VWL - Finanzwissenschaft, Note: 1,3, Universität Siegen, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Wirtschaftskrisen, sei es in Form einer Schulden-, Banken-, Inflations- oder Wechselkurskrise bzw. einer Mischung dieser, sind keine Ereignisse welche sich auf das 20. oder 21. Jahrhundert beschränken, sondern seit Jahrhunderten, in verschiedener Form und Stärke, in allen Wirtschaftssystemen auftreten. Schon im Spätmittelalter handelten die einzelnen Volkswirtschaften miteinander, der Geldverkehr war davon nicht ausgenommen. Es liegt in der Natur der Kreditvergabe, dass es zu Zahlungsausfällen kommen kann. Dementsprechend sind souveräne Staaten frühzeitig ihren Schuldverpflichtungen nicht nachgekommen. So konnte z. B. König Edward III. von England im 14. Jahrhundert nicht seine Schulden bei florentinischen Finanziers bedienen. Frankreich konnte zwischen dem 16. und 18. Jahrhundert in insgesamt 8 Fällen seine Auslandsschulden nicht bedienen. Griechenland befand sich zwischen 1800 und 2008 in 50,6% der Jahre entweder in einer Schuldenkrise oder in einer Umschuldungsphase. Argentinien, welches 2001 Auslandsschulden in Höhe von mehr als 95 Mrd. US-$ nicht begleichen konnte, hält bis heute den Rekord für den größten Zahlungsausfall. Im Zuge der Globalisierung sind auch bzw. gerade die Finanzmärkte eng miteinander verbunden. Besonders gilt dies für die USA und die EU. Aufgrund dessen konnte aus einer Im-mobilienkrise der USA eine globale Finanzkrise entstehen und führte zur gegenwärtigen Krise in der EU. Die Problematik einer Finanzkrise besteht in der Gefahr, die übrige Wirtschaft schädigen zu können. Bei einem gestörten Interbankenhandel kann es zu einem Liquiditätsengpass bei den Kreditinstituten und damit zu einer geringeren oder im Extremfall keiner Kreditvergabe an Unternehmen kommen. Der Einbruch der Weltwirtschaft, mit schleichendem Beginn 2007, wurde von nur wenigen Ökonomen prognostiziert. Das anschließende, teils unkoordinierte Verhalten der beteiligten Akteure, besonders mit Beginn der Krise in Europa, verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit eines Systems, welches möglichst zuverlässig zukünftige Wirtschaftskrisen prognostizieren kann. Eine Möglichkeit könnte in dem Modell der Self-Organizing Financial Stability Map (SOFSM) von Peter Sarlin und Tuomas A. Peltonen liegen. Die SOFSM ist eine SOM, die angewandt wird um den Zustand der finanziellen Stabilität abzubilden und Ursachen für Risiken im Finanzsystem zu diagnostizieren, sowie kommende, System bedrohende, Finanzkrisen im Voraus zu erkennen.
Author: Peter Sarlin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364254956X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
This book approaches macroprudential oversight from the viewpoint of three tasks. The focus concerns a tight integration of means for risk communication into analytical tools for risk identification and risk assessment. Generally, this book explores approaches for representing complex data concerning financial entities on low-dimensional displays. Data and dimension reduction methods, and their combinations, hold promise for representing multivariate data structures in easily understandable formats. Accordingly, this book creates a Self-Organizing Financial Stability Map (SOFSM), and lays out a general framework for mapping the state of financial stability. Beyond external risk communication, the aim of the visual means is to support disciplined and structured judgmental analysis based upon policymakers' experience and domain intelligence.
Author: Manuel Graña
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1614991049
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 2307
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Book Description
In this 2012 edition of Advances in Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems the latest innovations and advances in Intelligent Systems and related areas are presented by leading experts from all over the world. The 228 papers that are included cover a wide range of topics. One emphasis is on Information Processing, which has become a pervasive phenomenon in our civilization. While the majority of Information Processing is becoming intelligent in a very broad sense, major research in Semantics, Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Engineering supports the domain specific applications that are becoming more and more present in our everyday living. Ontologies play a major role in the development of Knowledge Engineering in various domains, from Semantic Web down to the design of specific Decision Support Systems. Research on Ontologies and their applications is a highly active front of current Computational Intelligence science that is addressed here. Other subjects in this volume are modern Machine Learning, Lattice Computing and Mathematical Morphology.The wide scope and high quality of these contributions clearly show that knowledge engineering is a continuous living and evolving set of technologies aimed at improving the design and understanding of systems and their relations with humans.
Author: Ying Yirong
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498712274
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 445
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Book Description
Along with the development of economic globalization, many countries have begun to relax their controls on their capital accounts. However, the recent financial crises in Latin American countries as well as the exchange rate crises in Southeast Asian countries have shown that there is major risk associated with capital account liberalization.This b
Author: Med Salim Bouhlel
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030210057
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 507
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Book Description
This two-volume book presents an unusually diverse selection of research papers, covering all major topics in the fields of information and communication technologies and related sciences. It provides a wide-angle snapshot of current themes in information and power engineering, pursuing a cross-disciplinary approach to do so. The book gathers revised contributions that were presented at the 2018 International Conference: Sciences of Electronics, Technologies of Information and Telecommunication (SETIT'18), held on 20–22 December 2018 in Hammamet, Tunisia. This eighth installment of the event attracted a wealth of submissions, and the papers presented here were selected by a committee of experts and underwent additional, painstaking revision. Topics covered include: · Information Processing · Human-Machine Interaction · Computer Science · Telecommunications and Networks · Signal Processing · Electronics · Image and Video This broad-scoped approach is becoming increasingly popular in scientific publishing. Its aim is to encourage scholars and professionals to overcome disciplinary barriers, as demanded by current trends in the industry and in the consumer market, which are rapidly leading toward a convergence of data-driven applications, computation, telecommunication, and energy awareness. Given its coverage, the book will benefit graduate students, researchers and practitioners who need to keep up with the latest technological advances.
Author: Otaviano Canuto
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464800030
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
This book deals with the challenges of macro financial linkages in the emerging markets.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292573675
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 133
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Book Description
These guidelines describe how to develop a design and monitoring framework (DMF) for an Asian Development Bank (ADB) project. The DMF communicates the planned performance of a project. As a link between project design, implementation, and evaluation, it provides the basis for the project performance management system. The purpose of these guidelines is to help improve the quality and consistency of DMFs across ADB.
Author: China Development Research Foundation
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317592433
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 343
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Book Description
The imbalance between China’s currency, the RMB, and those of other countries is widely regarded as a major problem for the world economy. There was a reform of China’s exchange rate mechanism in 2005, following which the RMB appreciated 17% against the US dollar, but many people argue that further reform is still needed. This book reports on a major research project undertaken following the 2005 reform to assess the impact on China’s economy. It considers the impact in a number of areas of the economy, including export-oriented companies, the banking industry, international trade, international capital flows, and China’s macroeconomic policy. It concludes that the policies pursued so far have been correct, and that further reform, both to the exchange rate, and to the system overall, would be desirable, but that any reform should be gradual and incremental, preserving economic stability, and integrating changes with reform in other parts of the economy.
Author: Xavier Vives
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691210039
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
A distinguished economist examines competition, regulation, and stability in today's global banks Does too much competition in banking hurt society? What policies can best protect and stabilize banking without stifling it? Institutional responses to such questions have evolved over time, from interventionist regulatory control after the Great Depression to the liberalization policies that started in the United States in the 1970s. The global financial crisis of 2007–2009, which originated from an oversupply of credit, once again raised questions about excessive banking competition and what should be done about it. Competition and Stability in Banking addresses the critical relationships between competition, regulation, and stability, and the implications of coordinating banking regulations with competition policies. Xavier Vives argues that while competition is not responsible for fragility in banking, there are trade-offs between competition and stability. Well-designed regulations would alleviate these trade-offs but not eliminate them, and the specificity of competition in banking should be accounted for. Vives argues that regulation and competition policy should be coordinated, with tighter prudential requirements in more competitive situations, but he also shows that supervisory and competition authorities should stand separate from each other, each pursuing its own objective. Vives reviews the theory and empirics of banking competition, drawing on up-to-date analysis that incorporates the characteristics of modern market-based banking, and he looks at regulation, competition policies, and crisis interventions in Europe and the United States, as well as in emerging economies. Focusing on why banking competition policies are necessary, Competition and Stability in Banking examines regulation's impact on the industry's efficiency and effectiveness.
Author: Andrada Bilan
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030268446
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 221
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Book Description
The traditional role of a bank was to transfer funds from savers to investors, engaging in maturity transformation, screening for borrower risk and monitoring for borrower effort in doing so. A typical loan contract was set up along six simple dimensions: the amount, the interest rate, the expected credit risk (determining both the probability of default for the loan and the expected loss given default), the required collateral, the currency, and the lending technology. However, the modern banking industry today has a broad scope, offering a range of sophisticated financial products, a wider geography -- including exposure to countries with various currencies, regulation and monetary policy regimes -- and an increased reliance on financial innovation and technology. These new bank business models have had repercussions on the loan contract. In particular, the main components and risks of a loan contract can now be hedged on the market, by means of interest rate swaps, foreign exchange transactions, credit default swaps and securitization. Securitized loans can often be pledged as collateral, thus facilitating new lending. And the lending technology is evolving from one-to-one meetings between a loan officer and a borrower, at a bank branch, towards potentially disruptive technologies such as peer-to-peer lending, crowd funding or digital wallet services. This book studies the interaction between traditional and modern banking and the economic benefits and costs of this new financial ecosystem, by relying on recent empirical research in banking and finance and exploring the effects of increased financial sophistication on a particular dimension of the loan contract.
