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Author: Marc Green
Publisher: Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company Incorporated
ISBN: 9781936360765
Category : Automobile drivers
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"This book's title has two parts, "Roadway Human Factors" and "From Science To Application." The first describes its major goal: to analyze driver behavior, especially the causes and avoidance of collisions. In most general terms, the goal is largely to answer a single question: "Why didn't the driver respond sooner?" The cause of most collisions lies in the answer. The book's perspective is psychological. It views roadway events through the eyes of the driver. This contrasts with the third-party god's eye view that appears in accident reconstruction diagrams and other analyses which are primarily based in physics and cookbook science. Physics cannot be ignored, but roadway events can only be explained by examining driver psychology. Drivers act based on their perceived reality which differs from the physical reality of the accident reconstruction diagram. The second part announces its method: the application of scientific research. Specifically, the science in question is experimental psychology. Much of this book reads like an introductory text on experimental psychology, albeit with a distinctly applied slant. This is necessary. There are frequent misunderstandings about the definition of human factors. It is best described as a branch of experimental psychology. Human factors applies experimental psychology data to guide the design of objects and environments so that they that fit human abilities and are easy and safe to use. This book's underlying thesis is that knowledge of the science is a necessary but not sufficient condition for understanding roadway human factors. The key word in the title is "From" because there is a catch-22. Controlled research has inherent characteristics which differ from real-world conditions. Scientific research is generally conducted in highly simplified and artificial situations with unrepresentative subjects and drivers. Scientific research data cannot then be directly applied to the real-world. The step from science to application is far greater than many imagine, probably because there are so few who are well versed in both. The book also introduces areas of science that are unfamiliar to most who investigate collisions. "Ecological optics" is a discipline of perceptual psychology that is key in understanding vehicle guidance and collision avoidance. "Visual psychophysics" is the psychological science that underlies visibility and all other sensory judgments. "Operant learning" is the psychological science of adaptability and behavior change based on the consequences of action. The book also introduces more specific concepts that are important but seldom figured into collision analysis. These include notions such as affordances and action boundaries, system tolerances, crowding, and response conflicts"--
Author: Marc Green
Publisher: Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company Incorporated
ISBN: 9781936360765
Category : Automobile drivers
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
"This book's title has two parts, "Roadway Human Factors" and "From Science To Application." The first describes its major goal: to analyze driver behavior, especially the causes and avoidance of collisions. In most general terms, the goal is largely to answer a single question: "Why didn't the driver respond sooner?" The cause of most collisions lies in the answer. The book's perspective is psychological. It views roadway events through the eyes of the driver. This contrasts with the third-party god's eye view that appears in accident reconstruction diagrams and other analyses which are primarily based in physics and cookbook science. Physics cannot be ignored, but roadway events can only be explained by examining driver psychology. Drivers act based on their perceived reality which differs from the physical reality of the accident reconstruction diagram. The second part announces its method: the application of scientific research. Specifically, the science in question is experimental psychology. Much of this book reads like an introductory text on experimental psychology, albeit with a distinctly applied slant. This is necessary. There are frequent misunderstandings about the definition of human factors. It is best described as a branch of experimental psychology. Human factors applies experimental psychology data to guide the design of objects and environments so that they that fit human abilities and are easy and safe to use. This book's underlying thesis is that knowledge of the science is a necessary but not sufficient condition for understanding roadway human factors. The key word in the title is "From" because there is a catch-22. Controlled research has inherent characteristics which differ from real-world conditions. Scientific research is generally conducted in highly simplified and artificial situations with unrepresentative subjects and drivers. Scientific research data cannot then be directly applied to the real-world. The step from science to application is far greater than many imagine, probably because there are so few who are well versed in both. The book also introduces areas of science that are unfamiliar to most who investigate collisions. "Ecological optics" is a discipline of perceptual psychology that is key in understanding vehicle guidance and collision avoidance. "Visual psychophysics" is the psychological science that underlies visibility and all other sensory judgments. "Operant learning" is the psychological science of adaptability and behavior change based on the consequences of action. The book also introduces more specific concepts that are important but seldom figured into collision analysis. These include notions such as affordances and action boundaries, system tolerances, crowding, and response conflicts"--
Author: Morris Dickstein
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400826667
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
In a famous passage in The Red and the Black, the French writer Stendhal described the novel as a mirror being carried along a roadway. In the twentieth century this was derided as a naïve notion of realism. Instead, modern writers experimented with creative forms of invention and dislocation. Deconstructive theorists went even further, questioning whether literature had any real reference to a world outside its own language, while traditional historians challenged whether novels gave a trustworthy representation of history and society. In this book, Morris Dickstein reinterprets Stendhal's metaphor and tracks the different worlds of a wide array of twentieth-century writers, from realists like Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, Edith Wharton, and Willa Cather, through modernists like Franz Kafka and Samuel Beckett, to wildly inventive postwar writers like Saul Bellow, Günter Grass, Mary McCarthy, George Orwell, Philip Roth, and Gabriel García Márquez. Dickstein argues that fiction will always yield rich insight into its subject, and that literature can also be a form of historical understanding. Writers refract the world through their forms and sensibilities. He shows how the work of these writers recaptures--yet also transforms--the life around them, the world inside them, and the universe of language and feeling they share with their readers. Through lively and incisive essays directed to general readers as well as students of literature, Dickstein redefines the literary landscape--a landscape in which reading has for decades been devalued by society and distorted by theory. Having begun with a reconsideration of realism, the book concludes with several essays probing the strengths and limitations of a historical approach to literature and criticism.
Author: Ken Skorseth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gravel roads
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
The purpose of this manual is to provide clear and helpful information for maintaining gravel roads. Very little technical help is available to small agencies that are responsible for managing these roads. Gravel road maintenance has traditionally been "more of an art than a science" and very few formal standards exist. This manual contains guidelines to help answer the questions that arise concerning gravel road maintenance such as: What is enough surface crown? What is too much? What causes corrugation? The information is as nontechnical as possible without sacrificing clear guidelines and instructions on how to do the job right.
Author:
Publisher: Aashto
ISBN:
Category : Express highways
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Amer Assn of State Hwy
ISBN: 9781560510314
Category : Bridge railings
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
This document presents a synthesis of current information and operating practices related to roadside safety and is developed in metric units. The roadside is defined as that area beyond the traveled way (driving lanes) and the shoulder (if any) of the roadway itself. The focus of this guide is on safety treatments that minimize the likelihood of serious injuries when a driver runs off the road. This guide replaces the 1989 AASHTO "Roadside Design Guide."
Author: Tom Vanderbilt
Publisher: Vintage Canada
ISBN: 0307373177
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 418
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Book Description
Driving is a fact of life. We are all spending more and more time on the road, and traffic is an issue we face everyday. This book will make you think about it in a whole new light. We have always had a passion for cars and driving. Now Traffic offers us an exceptionally rich understanding of that passion. Vanderbilt explains why traffic jams form, outlines the unintended consequences of our attempts to engineer safety and even identifies the most common mistakes drivers make in parking lots. Based on exhaustive research and interviews with driving experts and traffic officials around the globe, Traffic gets under the hood of the quotidian activity of driving to uncover the surprisingly complex web of physical, psychological and technical factors that explain how traffic works.
Author: Robert A. Kaster
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226425711
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Describes travel down the Appian Way while analyzing the meaning of the road in modern and ancient context.
Author: Jack Hitt
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 9780743261111
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Off the Road is a delightfully irreverent tour of the 500-mile pilgrimage route from France to Santiago de Compostela, Spain--sights people believe God once touched. Harper's contributing editor Jack Hitt writes of the many colorful pilgrims he met along the way, in this offbeat journey through landscape and belief.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309166578
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
Weather has broad and significant effects on the roadway environment. Snow, rain, fog, ice, freezing rain, and other weather conditions can impair the ability of drivers to operate their vehicles safely, significantly reduce roadway capacity, and dramatically increase travel times. Multiple roadway activities, from roadway maintenance and construction to shipping, transit, and police operations, are directly affected by inclement weather. Some road weather information is available to users currently, however a disconnect remains between current research and operations, and additional research could yield important safety and economic improvements for roadway users. Meteorology, roadway technology, and vehicle systems have evolved to the point where users could be provided with better road weather information through modern information technologies. The combination of these technologies has the potential to significantly increase the efficiency of roadway operations, road capacity, and road safety. Where the Weather Meets the Road provides a roadmap for moving these concepts to reality.
Author: Eric Chappell
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119059623
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Master the advanced functionality of the drainage-specific InfraWorks add-on Autodesk Drainage Design for InfraWorks 360 Essentials, 2nd Edition provides hands-on guidance to the tools and capabilities of this drainage-specific InfraWorks module. Straightforward explanations coupled with real-world exercises help you get up to speed quickly, and become more productive using the module's core features and functions. The Drainage Design module includes tools and features that go beyond the base software, and this easy-to-follow guide walks you through the entire design process to show you how to take advantage of the advanced stormwater and flood-control analysis functions. Compelling screenshots illustrate step-by-step tutorials, and the companion website provides downloadable starting and ending files so you can jump in at any point and compare your work to the pros. Autodesk is releasing special modules that expand InfraWorks functionality. Drainage Design for InfraWorks is available to all InfraWorks users, and provides an extended toolset and interface specifically designed to streamline your workflow. Master the Drainage tools that go beyond the base software Create new designs and add detail with step-by-step tutorials Utilize the powerful drainage-specific analysis and optimization functions Import and work with real-world data for more comprehensive design If you're ready to work faster and more efficiently, Autodesk Drainage Design for InfraWorks 360 Essentials, 2nd Edition is the hands-on guide to this exciting new module.
