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Author: David J. Buller
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262261821
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 582
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Book Description
Was human nature designed by natural selection in the Pleistocene epoch? The dominant view in evolutionary psychology holds that it was—that our psychological adaptations were designed tens of thousands of years ago to solve problems faced by our hunter-gatherer ancestors. In this provocative and lively book, David Buller examines in detail the major claims of evolutionary psychology—the paradigm popularized by Steven Pinker in The Blank Slate and by David Buss in The Evolution of Desire—and rejects them all. This does not mean that we cannot apply evolutionary theory to human psychology, says Buller, but that the conventional wisdom in evolutionary psychology is misguided. Evolutionary psychology employs a kind of reverse engineering to explain the evolved design of the mind, figuring out the adaptive problems our ancestors faced and then inferring the psychological adaptations that evolved to solve them. In the carefully argued central chapters of Adapting Minds, Buller scrutinizes several of evolutionary psychology's most highly publicized "discoveries," including "discriminative parental solicitude" (the idea that stepparents abuse their stepchildren at a higher rate than genetic parents abuse their biological children). Drawing on a wide range of empirical research, including his own large-scale study of child abuse, he shows that none is actually supported by the evidence. Buller argues that our minds are not adapted to the Pleistocene, but, like the immune system, are continually adapting, over both evolutionary time and individual lifetimes. We must move beyond the reigning orthodoxy of evolutionary psychology to reach an accurate understanding of how human psychology is influenced by evolution. When we do, Buller claims, we will abandon not only the quest for human nature but the very idea of human nature itself.
Author: David J. Buller
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262261821
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 582
Get Book Here
Book Description
Was human nature designed by natural selection in the Pleistocene epoch? The dominant view in evolutionary psychology holds that it was—that our psychological adaptations were designed tens of thousands of years ago to solve problems faced by our hunter-gatherer ancestors. In this provocative and lively book, David Buller examines in detail the major claims of evolutionary psychology—the paradigm popularized by Steven Pinker in The Blank Slate and by David Buss in The Evolution of Desire—and rejects them all. This does not mean that we cannot apply evolutionary theory to human psychology, says Buller, but that the conventional wisdom in evolutionary psychology is misguided. Evolutionary psychology employs a kind of reverse engineering to explain the evolved design of the mind, figuring out the adaptive problems our ancestors faced and then inferring the psychological adaptations that evolved to solve them. In the carefully argued central chapters of Adapting Minds, Buller scrutinizes several of evolutionary psychology's most highly publicized "discoveries," including "discriminative parental solicitude" (the idea that stepparents abuse their stepchildren at a higher rate than genetic parents abuse their biological children). Drawing on a wide range of empirical research, including his own large-scale study of child abuse, he shows that none is actually supported by the evidence. Buller argues that our minds are not adapted to the Pleistocene, but, like the immune system, are continually adapting, over both evolutionary time and individual lifetimes. We must move beyond the reigning orthodoxy of evolutionary psychology to reach an accurate understanding of how human psychology is influenced by evolution. When we do, Buller claims, we will abandon not only the quest for human nature but the very idea of human nature itself.
Author: Philip Kitcher
Publisher: Mit Press
ISBN: 9780262610490
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
Provides a critical analysis of the evidence for the sociobiologists' theories that the basis of human behavior is biological and genetic
Author: John M. Gowdy
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110883826X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 287
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Book Description
Society is an ultrasocial superorganism whose requirements take precedence over individuals. What does this mean for humanity's future?
Author: Thomas Boston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Salvation
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Author: Anthony O'Hear
Publisher: Clarendon Press
ISBN: 0191519669
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 231
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Book Description
Anthony O'Hear takes a stand against the fashion for explaining human behaviour in terms of evolution. He maintains, controversially, that while the theory of evolution is successful in explaining the development of the natural world in general, it is of limited value when applied to the human world. Because of our reflectiveness and our rationality we take on goals and ideals which cannot be justified in terms of survival-promotion or reproductive advantage. O'Hear examines the nature of human self-consciousness, and argues that evolutionary theory cannot give a satisfactory account of such distinctive facets of human life as the quest for knowledge, moral sense, and the appreciation of beauty; in these we transcend our biological origins. It is our rationality that allows each of us to go beyond not only our biological but also our cultural inheritance: as the author says in the Preface, 'we are prisoners neither of our genes nor of the ideas we encounter as we each make our personal and individual way through life'.
Author: Marco J. Nathan
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0197699243
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
Over the last few decades, biology, psychology, anthropology, and cognate fields have substantially enriched traditional philosophical theories about who we are and where we come from. Nevertheless, the hallowed topic of human nature remains frustratingly elusive. Why have we not been able to crack the mystery? Marco J. Nathan provides an overview and explanation of recent research and argues that human nature is a core scientific concept that is not susceptible to an explanation, scientific or otherwise. He traces the scientific history of human nature to conclude that, as an epistemological indicator, science cannot adequately grasp human nature without dissolving it in the process
Author: Clare W. Graves
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780972474214
Category : Developmental psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 541
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Book Description
Author: Harold W. Baillie
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262524285
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
An interdisciplinary exploration of whether modern genetics and bioengineering are leading us to a posthuman future.
Author: Daniel N. Robinson
Publisher: CUA Press
ISBN: 9780813214405
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
The doctrinal teaching of the Roman Catholic Church extends over two millennia and seeks to inform and direct lives at many levels: personal, familial, civic, and institutional. The reach of this teaching extends to law, moral and ethical issues, politics, education, science, and art. No single volume can serve even as a sketch of this teaching, but in the present volume ten internationally renowned scholars address the various dimensions of the Roman Catholic understanding of the human person, especially St. Thomas Aquinas's affirmation of the rational and social nature of man. The authors present a truly multidisciplinary approach to the topic--the contributors include philosophers, psychologists, political scientists, a theologian, and an architect. Special attention is given to the theology and anthropology of Pope John Paul II whose writings vividly condense the searching examination and robust conception of human nature developed over the centuries. Readers are reminded of just how central the Church's teaching has been to Western Civilization in all of its projections and are thus alerted to the conditions likely to preserve or threaten it. The contributors are Hadley Arkes, Jude P. Dougherty, Kevin Flannery, S.J., Robert P. George, Richard Gill, L.C., F. Russell Hittinger, Daniel N. Robinson, Robert Royal, Peter Ryan, S.J., and Carroll William Westfall. ABOUT THE EDITORS: Daniel N. Robinson is professor of philosophy at Oxford University and visiting professor at the Institute for the Psychological Sciences. He is professor emeritus of Georgetown University. Gladys M. Sweeney is dean of the Institute for the Psychological Sciences. Richard Gill, L.C., is director of the women's section of the Legionaries of Christ. PRAISE FOR THE BOOK: "This volume offers the possibility of a fruitful dialogue on the question of Catholic identity in higher education." -- Lucien Richard, Catholic Library World
Author: Matthew Calarco
Publisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 0231550960
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Are animals capable of wonder? Can they be said to possess language and reason? What can animals teach us about how to live well? How can they help us to see the limitations of human civilization? Is it possible to draw firm distinctions between humans and animals? And how might asking and answering questions like these lead us to rethink human-animal relations in an age of catastrophic ecological destruction? In this accessible and engaging book, Matthew Calarco explores key issues in the philosophy of animals and their significance for our contemporary world. He leads readers on a spirited tour of historical and contemporary philosophy, ranging from Plato to Donna Haraway and from the Cynics to the Jains. Calarco unearths surprising insights about animals from a number of philosophers while also underscoring ways in which the philosophical tradition has failed to challenge the dogma of human-centeredness. Along the way, he indicates how mainstream Western philosophy is both complemented and challenged by non-Western traditions and noncanonical theories about animals. Throughout, Calarco uses examples from contemporary culture to illustrate how philosophical theories about animals are deeply relevant to our lives today. The Boundaries of Human Nature shows readers why philosophy can help transform not just the way we think about animals but also how we interact with them.
