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Author: Harry Louis Lochte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
CONTENTS - PART 1. THE PETROLEUM ACIDS - 1. Introduction - 2. Early Investigations 12 - 3. Availability and Methods of Isolation of Naphthenic Acids 17 - 4. Distribution and Concentration of Acids III Petroleum 39 - 5. Purification of Petroleum Acids 45 - 6. Analytical Methods 51 - 7. Methods of Separating Petroleum Acids 59 - 8. Characterization of Petroleum Acids - 9. The Structure of Petroleum Acids 93 - 10. The Hexahydrobenzoic Acid Problem 110 - 11. Salts and Derivatives of Petroleum Acids 115 - 12. Phenols 120 - 13. The Aliphatic or Fatty Acids 136 - 14. von Braun's Study of the Properties and Reactions of Naphthenic Acids 144 - 15. von Braun's Study of Roumanian Petroleum Acids 155 - 16. The Structure of von Braun's Ketone 166 - 17. Bicyclic, Polycyclic, and Aromatic Acids 189 - 18. Recent Studies on Naphthenic Acids 198 - Chichibabin's Work on Baku Acids ; Various Minor Studies on Eurasian Acids ; Nenitzescu's Studies on Roumanian Acids ; Work at the University of Texas ; Gas-Well Acids - 19. The Origin of Petroleum Acids 236 - 20. Utilization of Naphthenic Acids 246 - PART II. THE PETROLEUM BASES - 21. Introduction 281 - 22. Nitrogen in Petroleum 283 - Analysis ; Isolation ; The Nonbasic Compounds in Petroleum - 23. Separation of Basic Compounds 302 - 24. Early Investigations 316 - 25. Investigations at the University of Texas 324 - 26. Cracking-Process Bases 342 - 27. The Origin of Petroleum Nitrogen Compounds 348 - 28. Uses of Petroleum Bases 356 - Index 361 -
Author: Harry Louis Lochte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
CONTENTS - PART 1. THE PETROLEUM ACIDS - 1. Introduction - 2. Early Investigations 12 - 3. Availability and Methods of Isolation of Naphthenic Acids 17 - 4. Distribution and Concentration of Acids III Petroleum 39 - 5. Purification of Petroleum Acids 45 - 6. Analytical Methods 51 - 7. Methods of Separating Petroleum Acids 59 - 8. Characterization of Petroleum Acids - 9. The Structure of Petroleum Acids 93 - 10. The Hexahydrobenzoic Acid Problem 110 - 11. Salts and Derivatives of Petroleum Acids 115 - 12. Phenols 120 - 13. The Aliphatic or Fatty Acids 136 - 14. von Braun's Study of the Properties and Reactions of Naphthenic Acids 144 - 15. von Braun's Study of Roumanian Petroleum Acids 155 - 16. The Structure of von Braun's Ketone 166 - 17. Bicyclic, Polycyclic, and Aromatic Acids 189 - 18. Recent Studies on Naphthenic Acids 198 - Chichibabin's Work on Baku Acids ; Various Minor Studies on Eurasian Acids ; Nenitzescu's Studies on Roumanian Acids ; Work at the University of Texas ; Gas-Well Acids - 19. The Origin of Petroleum Acids 236 - 20. Utilization of Naphthenic Acids 246 - PART II. THE PETROLEUM BASES - 21. Introduction 281 - 22. Nitrogen in Petroleum 283 - Analysis ; Isolation ; The Nonbasic Compounds in Petroleum - 23. Separation of Basic Compounds 302 - 24. Early Investigations 316 - 25. Investigations at the University of Texas 324 - 26. Cracking-Process Bases 342 - 27. The Origin of Petroleum Nitrogen Compounds 348 - 28. Uses of Petroleum Bases 356 - Index 361 -
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
![The Petroleum Acids and Bases. [By] H.L. Lochte ... and E.R. Littmann PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/6q84MwEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Harry Louis Lochte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
Author: Kristi Lew
Publisher: Infobase Publishing
ISBN: 0791097838
Category : Acids
Languages : en
Pages : 131
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Book Description
Learn about acids and bases, chemical components of the natural world that play key roles in medicine and industry.
Author: Kozo Tanabe
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323160581
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
Solid Acids and Bases: Their Catalytic Properties reviews developments in the studies of acidic and basic properties of solids, including the efficacy and special characteristics of solid acid and base catalysts. This book discusses the determination of basic and acidic properties on solid surfaces and relationship between acid strength and acid amount. The structure and acid-base properties of mixed metal oxides and correlation between acid-base properties and catalytic activity and selectivity are also deliberated. This publication is useful to professional chemists and graduate students in the fields of organic, inorganic and physical chemistry, petroleum chemistry and catalysis, including readers interested in the acidic and basic properties on solid surfaces.
Author: James G. Speight
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 9780128006306
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
Due to their discounted value but potential for higher production rates, refineries are accepting more of high acidic crude feedstocks. Refining of these resources is still increasing due to high oil prices, with China dominating this market and doubling their production of high acid crudes by 2015. Processing these resources can significantly increase any refinery's productivity, but knowledge and proper training for the refinery manager and crude supplier is key to reducing the risk associated with high acid feedstocks, while still maintaining clean production standards. This book provides an overview and relevant details of the identification of high acid crudes and their influence on the refinery's process units, especially regarding corrosion potential. Covering the types, effects on the various refining units, and proper acid stripping techniques, this resource effectively trains refinery personnel with a quick reference guide for day-to-day use in today's refineries. --
Author: Ronald Percy Bell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acids
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
Author: H. Hattori
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 008088752X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 593
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Book Description
Solid acid catalysts are already being used in various processes in petroleum refining and are presently being studied intensively in both academic and applied fields for usage in a variety of reactions. Solid base catalysts are also gaining increasing recognition as potential catalysts. Both acidic and basic catalysts are promising not only with respect to acid and base-catalyzed reactions but also in materials sciences, such as the production of adsorbents, sensors, ceramics, etc.The present volume presents the text of 21 invited oral presentations and 58 poster presentations. The material covers a wide range of aspects on acid-base catalysis, from quantum chemistry to industrialized processes.
Author: Tse-Lok Ho
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323140963
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
Hard and Soft Acids and Bases Principle in Organic Chemistry deals with various phenomena in organic chemistry that are directly related to or derived from the hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle. Topics covered range from chemical reactivity to displacement reactions, along with various HSAB principle applications. This text consists of 11 chapters and begins with a historical overview of the HSAB concept, followed by a classification of hard and soft acids and bases and their theoretical descriptions. The reader is methodically introduced to the stability of organic compounds and complexes; displacement reactions of HSAB; and the chemistry of alkenes, aromatic, and heterocyclic compounds. The reactivity of organophosphorus and carbonyl compounds; organosulfur compounds and other chalcogenides; and organoboranes is also considered. The book concludes with an evaluation of other applications of the HSAB principle, paying particular attention to solubility and protonation; carbenes and nitrenes; the organic chemistry of group IV elements; and the reactions of organohalides, Grignard, and related agents. This book is intended for senior undergraduates or graduate chemistry majors, as well as organic chemists who are not familiar with the HSAB concept.
Author: Brian G. Cox
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191649341
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
Acids and bases are ubiquitous in chemistry. Our understanding of them, however, is dominated by their behaviour in water. Transfer to non-aqueous solvents leads to profound changes in acid-base strengths and to the rates and equilibria of many processes: for example, synthetic reactions involving acids, bases and nucleophiles; isolation of pharmaceutical actives through salt formation; formation of zwitter- ions in amino acids; and chromatographic separation of substrates. This book seeks to enhance our understanding of acids and bases by reviewing and analysing their behaviour in non-aqueous solvents. The behaviour is related where possible to that in water, but correlations and contrasts between solvents are also presented. Fundamental background material is provided in the initial chapters: quantitative aspects of acid-base equilibria, including definitions and relationships between solution pH and species distribution; the influence of molecular structure on acid strengths; and acidity in aqueous solution. Solvent properties are reviewed, along with the magnitude of the interaction energies of solvent molecules with (especially) ions; the ability of solvents to participate in hydrogen bonding and to accept or donate electron pairs is seen to be crucial. Experimental methods for determining dissociation constants are described in detail. In the remaining chapters, dissociation constants of a wide range of acids in three distinct classes of solvents are discussed: protic solvents, such as alcohols, which are strong hydrogen-bond donors; basic, polar aprotic solvents, such as dimethylformamide; and low-basicity and low polarity solvents, such as acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran. Dissociation constants of individual acids vary over more than 20 orders of magnitude among the solvents, and there is a strong differentiation between the response of neutral and charged acids to solvent change. Ion-pairing and hydrogen-bonding equilibria, such as between phenol and phenoxide ions, play an increasingly important role as the solvent polarity decreases, and their influence on acid-base equilibria and salt formation is described.
