Author: Barrett Williams
Publisher: Barrett Williams
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Book Description
Discover the quintessential roadmap to transforming your calling into a thriving 10-acre ranch with "The New Ranch Owner's Guide." Crafted for the aspiring ranch owner, this comprehensive eBook is your proverbial fence-post to hang your hat on – a complete guide that doesn't just skim the surface but dives into the rich soil of ranch ownership. Embark on a journey starting with "Setting the Stage for Your 10-Acre Ranch," where you'll uncover your land's hidden potential and draft the blueprints for your agricultural aspirations. Next, traverse through the maze of "Zoning and Legal Requirements," ensuring your dream is not only robust but also regulation-compliant. Building your empire necessitates insight and "Infrastructure and Equipment Essentials" deliver just that. With practical advice on construction and investment, watch your ranch foundations set as solidly as the convictions that drive you. Then hone your attention to the heartbeat of any ranch – the land. The chapters on "Soil Health," "Water Resources," and "Land Management" equip you with sustainable tactics, making you the custodian of a land legacy. "The New Ranch Owner's Guide" is not just about the ground beneath your feet or the roofs over your head; it's about the life that animates your land. From "Selecting Livestock" and "Pasture Management" to "Raising Poultry," your journey is anchored in the intricacies of nurturing a resilient and productive ecosystem. As the seasons change, so must your strategies. The seasonal cycle of activities laid out in the "Seasonal Ranch Checklist" keeps you proactively engaged, ensuring your ranch thrives rain or shine. And with "Marketing and Selling Your Products," transform your toil into profit, linking farm to table in the most innovative ways. However, a ranch is more than crops and cattle; it's about community and continuity. Learn how to sow the seeds of "Community Involvement" and chart a course for the future with "Succession Planning." In facing the unpredictable, "Dealing with Challenges and Setbacks" offers solace and solutions ensuring that your spirit weathers every storm. The visions of sustainability and stewardship in "Innovations in Small-Scale Ranching" and "Ethics and Welfare in Ranching" will be your compass to a fulfilling ranch stewardship. Finally, relish the personal anecdotes of those who've walked this path in the "Case Studies of Successful 10-Acre Ranches," providing real-world examples that inspire and guide. Enter the gates of "The New Ranch Owner's Guide," where every chapter is a stepping stone to self-sufficiency and the realization of your pastoral dreams. Welcome to the first day of your life as a ranch owner – may it be as boundless and fruitful as the land you're about to shape.
The New Ranch Handbook
Author: Nathan Freeman Sayre
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 118
Book Description
New Ranchers are an active faction of innovative (or visionary) ranchers working to resolve rangeland problems. This handbook demonstrates how livestock ranching and conservation values can be compatible and ranchers and environmentalists can work together to benefit rangelands.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 118
Book Description
New Ranchers are an active faction of innovative (or visionary) ranchers working to resolve rangeland problems. This handbook demonstrates how livestock ranching and conservation values can be compatible and ranchers and environmentalists can work together to benefit rangelands.
The New Ranch Owner's Guide
Author: Barrett Williams
Publisher: Barrett Williams
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Book Description
Discover the quintessential roadmap to transforming your calling into a thriving 10-acre ranch with "The New Ranch Owner's Guide." Crafted for the aspiring ranch owner, this comprehensive eBook is your proverbial fence-post to hang your hat on – a complete guide that doesn't just skim the surface but dives into the rich soil of ranch ownership. Embark on a journey starting with "Setting the Stage for Your 10-Acre Ranch," where you'll uncover your land's hidden potential and draft the blueprints for your agricultural aspirations. Next, traverse through the maze of "Zoning and Legal Requirements," ensuring your dream is not only robust but also regulation-compliant. Building your empire necessitates insight and "Infrastructure and Equipment Essentials" deliver just that. With practical advice on construction and investment, watch your ranch foundations set as solidly as the convictions that drive you. Then hone your attention to the heartbeat of any ranch – the land. The chapters on "Soil Health," "Water Resources," and "Land Management" equip you with sustainable tactics, making you the custodian of a land legacy. "The New Ranch Owner's Guide" is not just about the ground beneath your feet or the roofs over your head; it's about the life that animates your land. From "Selecting Livestock" and "Pasture Management" to "Raising Poultry," your journey is anchored in the intricacies of nurturing a resilient and productive ecosystem. As the seasons change, so must your strategies. The seasonal cycle of activities laid out in the "Seasonal Ranch Checklist" keeps you proactively engaged, ensuring your ranch thrives rain or shine. And with "Marketing and Selling Your Products," transform your toil into profit, linking farm to table in the most innovative ways. However, a ranch is more than crops and cattle; it's about community and continuity. Learn how to sow the seeds of "Community Involvement" and chart a course for the future with "Succession Planning." In facing the unpredictable, "Dealing with Challenges and Setbacks" offers solace and solutions ensuring that your spirit weathers every storm. The visions of sustainability and stewardship in "Innovations in Small-Scale Ranching" and "Ethics and Welfare in Ranching" will be your compass to a fulfilling ranch stewardship. Finally, relish the personal anecdotes of those who've walked this path in the "Case Studies of Successful 10-Acre Ranches," providing real-world examples that inspire and guide. Enter the gates of "The New Ranch Owner's Guide," where every chapter is a stepping stone to self-sufficiency and the realization of your pastoral dreams. Welcome to the first day of your life as a ranch owner – may it be as boundless and fruitful as the land you're about to shape.
Publisher: Barrett Williams
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Book Description
Discover the quintessential roadmap to transforming your calling into a thriving 10-acre ranch with "The New Ranch Owner's Guide." Crafted for the aspiring ranch owner, this comprehensive eBook is your proverbial fence-post to hang your hat on – a complete guide that doesn't just skim the surface but dives into the rich soil of ranch ownership. Embark on a journey starting with "Setting the Stage for Your 10-Acre Ranch," where you'll uncover your land's hidden potential and draft the blueprints for your agricultural aspirations. Next, traverse through the maze of "Zoning and Legal Requirements," ensuring your dream is not only robust but also regulation-compliant. Building your empire necessitates insight and "Infrastructure and Equipment Essentials" deliver just that. With practical advice on construction and investment, watch your ranch foundations set as solidly as the convictions that drive you. Then hone your attention to the heartbeat of any ranch – the land. The chapters on "Soil Health," "Water Resources," and "Land Management" equip you with sustainable tactics, making you the custodian of a land legacy. "The New Ranch Owner's Guide" is not just about the ground beneath your feet or the roofs over your head; it's about the life that animates your land. From "Selecting Livestock" and "Pasture Management" to "Raising Poultry," your journey is anchored in the intricacies of nurturing a resilient and productive ecosystem. As the seasons change, so must your strategies. The seasonal cycle of activities laid out in the "Seasonal Ranch Checklist" keeps you proactively engaged, ensuring your ranch thrives rain or shine. And with "Marketing and Selling Your Products," transform your toil into profit, linking farm to table in the most innovative ways. However, a ranch is more than crops and cattle; it's about community and continuity. Learn how to sow the seeds of "Community Involvement" and chart a course for the future with "Succession Planning." In facing the unpredictable, "Dealing with Challenges and Setbacks" offers solace and solutions ensuring that your spirit weathers every storm. The visions of sustainability and stewardship in "Innovations in Small-Scale Ranching" and "Ethics and Welfare in Ranching" will be your compass to a fulfilling ranch stewardship. Finally, relish the personal anecdotes of those who've walked this path in the "Case Studies of Successful 10-Acre Ranches," providing real-world examples that inspire and guide. Enter the gates of "The New Ranch Owner's Guide," where every chapter is a stepping stone to self-sufficiency and the realization of your pastoral dreams. Welcome to the first day of your life as a ranch owner – may it be as boundless and fruitful as the land you're about to shape.
Revolution on the Range
Author: Courtney White
Publisher: Island Press
ISBN: 1610911040
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 249
Book Description
In the final decade of the twentieth century, the American West was at war. Battle lines had hardened, with environmentalists squarely on one side of the fence, and ranchers on the other. By the mid-1990s, debates over the region’s damaged land had devolved into political wrangling, bitter lawsuits, and even death-threats. Conventional wisdom told us those who wanted to work the land and those who wanted to protect it had fundamentally different—and irreconcilable—values. In Revolution on the Range, Courtney White challenges that truism, heralding stories from a new American West where cattle and conservation go hand in hand. He argues that ranchers and environmentalists have more in common than they’ve typically admitted: a love of wildlife, a deep respect for nature, and a strong allergic reaction to suburbanization. The real conflict has not been over ethics, but approaches. Today, a new brand of ranching is bridging the divide by mimicking nature while still turning a profit. Westerners are literally reinventing the ranch by confronting their own assumptions about nature, profitability, and each other. Ranchers are learning that new ideas can actually help preserve traditional lifestyles. Environmentalists are learning that protected landscapes aren’t always healthier than working ones. White, a self-proclaimed middle-class city boy, has learned there’s more to ranching than grit and cowboy boots. The author’s own transformation from conflict-oriented environmentalist to radical centrist mirrors the change sweeping the region. As ranchers and environmentalists find common cause, they’re discovering new ways to live on—and preserve—the land they both love. Revolution on the Range is the story of that journey, and a heartening vision of the new American West.
Publisher: Island Press
ISBN: 1610911040
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 249
Book Description
In the final decade of the twentieth century, the American West was at war. Battle lines had hardened, with environmentalists squarely on one side of the fence, and ranchers on the other. By the mid-1990s, debates over the region’s damaged land had devolved into political wrangling, bitter lawsuits, and even death-threats. Conventional wisdom told us those who wanted to work the land and those who wanted to protect it had fundamentally different—and irreconcilable—values. In Revolution on the Range, Courtney White challenges that truism, heralding stories from a new American West where cattle and conservation go hand in hand. He argues that ranchers and environmentalists have more in common than they’ve typically admitted: a love of wildlife, a deep respect for nature, and a strong allergic reaction to suburbanization. The real conflict has not been over ethics, but approaches. Today, a new brand of ranching is bridging the divide by mimicking nature while still turning a profit. Westerners are literally reinventing the ranch by confronting their own assumptions about nature, profitability, and each other. Ranchers are learning that new ideas can actually help preserve traditional lifestyles. Environmentalists are learning that protected landscapes aren’t always healthier than working ones. White, a self-proclaimed middle-class city boy, has learned there’s more to ranching than grit and cowboy boots. The author’s own transformation from conflict-oriented environmentalist to radical centrist mirrors the change sweeping the region. As ranchers and environmentalists find common cause, they’re discovering new ways to live on—and preserve—the land they both love. Revolution on the Range is the story of that journey, and a heartening vision of the new American West.
Atomic Ranch Remodeled Marvels
Author: Jickie Torres
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780578872995
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780578872995
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
iPhone Programming
Author: Aaron Hillegass
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN: 0321706463
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 551
Book Description
Based on Big Nerd Ranch’s popular iPhone Bootcamp class, iPhone Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide leads you through the essential tools and techniques for developing applications for the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. In each chapter, you will learn programming concepts and apply them immediately as you build an application or enhance one from a previous chapter. These applications have been carefully designed and tested to teach the associated concepts and to provide practice working with the standard development tools Xcode, Interface Builder, and Instruments. The guide’s learn-while-doing approach delivers the practical knowledge and experience you need to design and build real-world applications. Here are some of the topics covered: Dynamic interfaces with animation Using the camera and photo library User location and mapping services Accessing accelerometer data Handling multi-touch gestures Navigation and tabbed applications Tables and creating custom rows Multiple ways of storing and loading data: archiving, Core Data, SQLite Communicating with web services ALocalization/Internationalization "After many 'false starts' with other iPhone development books, these clear and concise tutorials made the concepts gel for me. This book is a definite must have for any budding iPhone developer." –Peter Watling, New Zealand, Developer of BubbleWrap
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN: 0321706463
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 551
Book Description
Based on Big Nerd Ranch’s popular iPhone Bootcamp class, iPhone Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide leads you through the essential tools and techniques for developing applications for the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. In each chapter, you will learn programming concepts and apply them immediately as you build an application or enhance one from a previous chapter. These applications have been carefully designed and tested to teach the associated concepts and to provide practice working with the standard development tools Xcode, Interface Builder, and Instruments. The guide’s learn-while-doing approach delivers the practical knowledge and experience you need to design and build real-world applications. Here are some of the topics covered: Dynamic interfaces with animation Using the camera and photo library User location and mapping services Accessing accelerometer data Handling multi-touch gestures Navigation and tabbed applications Tables and creating custom rows Multiple ways of storing and loading data: archiving, Core Data, SQLite Communicating with web services ALocalization/Internationalization "After many 'false starts' with other iPhone development books, these clear and concise tutorials made the concepts gel for me. This book is a definite must have for any budding iPhone developer." –Peter Watling, New Zealand, Developer of BubbleWrap
Android Programming
Author: Bill Phillips
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN: 0134171500
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 859
Book Description
Android Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide is an introductory Android book for programmers with Java experience. Based on Big Nerd Ranch's popular Android Bootcamp course, this guide will lead you through the wilderness using hands-on example apps combined with clear explanations of key concepts and APIs. This book focuses on practical techniques for developing apps compatible with Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean) and up, including coverage of Lollipop and material design. Write and run code every step of the way, creating apps that integrate with other Android apps, download and display pictures from the web, play sounds, and more. Each chapter and app has been designed and tested to provide the knowledge and experience you need to get started in Android development. Big Nerd Ranch specializes in developing and designing innovative applications for clients around the world. Our experts teach others through our books, bootcamps, and onsite training. Whether it's Android, iOS, Ruby and Ruby on Rails, Cocoa, Mac OS X, JavaScript, HTML5 or UX/UI, we've got you covered. The Android team is constantly improving and updating Android Studio and other tools. As a result, some of the instructions we provide in the book are no longer correct. You can find an addendum addressing breaking changes at: https://github.com/bignerdranch/AndroidCourseResources/raw/master/2ndEdition/Errata/2eAddendum.pdf.
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN: 0134171500
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 859
Book Description
Android Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide is an introductory Android book for programmers with Java experience. Based on Big Nerd Ranch's popular Android Bootcamp course, this guide will lead you through the wilderness using hands-on example apps combined with clear explanations of key concepts and APIs. This book focuses on practical techniques for developing apps compatible with Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean) and up, including coverage of Lollipop and material design. Write and run code every step of the way, creating apps that integrate with other Android apps, download and display pictures from the web, play sounds, and more. Each chapter and app has been designed and tested to provide the knowledge and experience you need to get started in Android development. Big Nerd Ranch specializes in developing and designing innovative applications for clients around the world. Our experts teach others through our books, bootcamps, and onsite training. Whether it's Android, iOS, Ruby and Ruby on Rails, Cocoa, Mac OS X, JavaScript, HTML5 or UX/UI, we've got you covered. The Android team is constantly improving and updating Android Studio and other tools. As a result, some of the instructions we provide in the book are no longer correct. You can find an addendum addressing breaking changes at: https://github.com/bignerdranch/AndroidCourseResources/raw/master/2ndEdition/Errata/2eAddendum.pdf.
Legendary Ranches
Author: Holly Endersby
Publisher: Western Horseman Book
ISBN: 9780762770786
Category : Ranches
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
In our latest offering, Western Horseman Books explores the cowboys, horses, history and traditions of North America's greatest ranches. From the arid grasslands of Arizona to the foothills of the Canadian Rockies, these cowboys have been ranching in time-honored ways for more than 100 years. The cowboys are still horseback, gathering, sorting and branding, just as those who came before them, and the horses they ride are as strong and rugged as the land they travel. Complete with stunning photography and compelling stories that trace history from the late 1800s through today. FEatured ranches: Adams, Babbitt, Bell, Crago, CS, Dragging Y, Four Sixes, Gang, Haythorn, O RO, Pitchfork, Stuart, Waggoner.
Publisher: Western Horseman Book
ISBN: 9780762770786
Category : Ranches
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
In our latest offering, Western Horseman Books explores the cowboys, horses, history and traditions of North America's greatest ranches. From the arid grasslands of Arizona to the foothills of the Canadian Rockies, these cowboys have been ranching in time-honored ways for more than 100 years. The cowboys are still horseback, gathering, sorting and branding, just as those who came before them, and the horses they ride are as strong and rugged as the land they travel. Complete with stunning photography and compelling stories that trace history from the late 1800s through today. FEatured ranches: Adams, Babbitt, Bell, Crago, CS, Dragging Y, Four Sixes, Gang, Haythorn, O RO, Pitchfork, Stuart, Waggoner.
How to Start a Ranch
Author: Weston Young
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781097209422
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 66
Book Description
Are you ready to be your own boss and do what you love?If you want to start your own ranch you so can be in more control of your life than this book is for you.Here's the deal: Most people love the idea of starting their own ranch, but they have no idea where to get started: How do you come up with a business plan for your ranch? How many acres should you have per cow? What business entity should your ranch be? Fortunately this book will give you the blueprint you need to build a ranch business that you love.Here are a few of the things you'll discover in this book: How to identify sick or injured cattle. How to assimilate bulls with cows. How to sell beef cattle. Common mistakes even experienced ranchers make that can run you out of business. Different ways to structure your ranching business. Different types of insurance you'll need to consider getting for your ranching business. How to acquire great land for your ranching business. Imagine what life would be like getting to be your own boss. Imagine getting to have more control over your income and hours.By following the strategies outlined in this book, you can build the ranching business of your dreams.Scroll up, click the buy now button, and start your path to having your own ranching business today!
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781097209422
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 66
Book Description
Are you ready to be your own boss and do what you love?If you want to start your own ranch you so can be in more control of your life than this book is for you.Here's the deal: Most people love the idea of starting their own ranch, but they have no idea where to get started: How do you come up with a business plan for your ranch? How many acres should you have per cow? What business entity should your ranch be? Fortunately this book will give you the blueprint you need to build a ranch business that you love.Here are a few of the things you'll discover in this book: How to identify sick or injured cattle. How to assimilate bulls with cows. How to sell beef cattle. Common mistakes even experienced ranchers make that can run you out of business. Different ways to structure your ranching business. Different types of insurance you'll need to consider getting for your ranching business. How to acquire great land for your ranching business. Imagine what life would be like getting to be your own boss. Imagine getting to have more control over your income and hours.By following the strategies outlined in this book, you can build the ranching business of your dreams.Scroll up, click the buy now button, and start your path to having your own ranching business today!
Ranching West of the 100th Meridian
Author: Richard L. Knight
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 288
Book Description
Recommended by The Nature Conservancy magazine. Ranching West of the 100th Meridian offers a literary and thought-provoking look at ranching and its role in the changing West. The book's lyrical and deeply felt narratives, combined with fresh information and analysis, offer a poignant and enlightening consideration of ranchers' ecological commitments to the land, their cultural commitments to American society, and the economic role ranching plays in sustainable food production and the protection of biodiversity. The book begins with writings that bring to life the culture of ranching, including the fading reality of families living and working together on their land generation after generation. The middle section offers an understanding of the ecology of ranching, from issues of overgrazing and watershed damage to the concept that grazing animals can actually help restore degraded land. The final section addresses the economics of ranching in the face of declining commodity prices and rising land values brought by the increasing suburbanization of the West. Among the contributors are Paul Starrs, Linda Hasselstrom, Bob Budd, Drummond Hadley, Mark Brunson, Wayne Elmore, Allan Savory, Luther Propst, and Bill Weeks. Livestock ranching in the West has been attacked from all sides -- by environmentalists who see cattle as a scourge upon the land, by fiscal conservatives who consider the leasing of grazing rights to be a massive federal handout program, and by developers who covet intact ranches for subdivisions and shopping centers. The authors acknowledge that, if done wrong, ranching clearly has the capacity to hurt the land. But if done right, it has the power to restore ecological integrity to Western lands that have been too-long neglected. Ranching West of the 100th Meridian makes a unique and impassioned contribution to the ongoing debate on the future of the New West.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 288
Book Description
Recommended by The Nature Conservancy magazine. Ranching West of the 100th Meridian offers a literary and thought-provoking look at ranching and its role in the changing West. The book's lyrical and deeply felt narratives, combined with fresh information and analysis, offer a poignant and enlightening consideration of ranchers' ecological commitments to the land, their cultural commitments to American society, and the economic role ranching plays in sustainable food production and the protection of biodiversity. The book begins with writings that bring to life the culture of ranching, including the fading reality of families living and working together on their land generation after generation. The middle section offers an understanding of the ecology of ranching, from issues of overgrazing and watershed damage to the concept that grazing animals can actually help restore degraded land. The final section addresses the economics of ranching in the face of declining commodity prices and rising land values brought by the increasing suburbanization of the West. Among the contributors are Paul Starrs, Linda Hasselstrom, Bob Budd, Drummond Hadley, Mark Brunson, Wayne Elmore, Allan Savory, Luther Propst, and Bill Weeks. Livestock ranching in the West has been attacked from all sides -- by environmentalists who see cattle as a scourge upon the land, by fiscal conservatives who consider the leasing of grazing rights to be a massive federal handout program, and by developers who covet intact ranches for subdivisions and shopping centers. The authors acknowledge that, if done wrong, ranching clearly has the capacity to hurt the land. But if done right, it has the power to restore ecological integrity to Western lands that have been too-long neglected. Ranching West of the 100th Meridian makes a unique and impassioned contribution to the ongoing debate on the future of the New West.
Objective-C Programming
Author: Aaron Hillegass
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN: 0133491900
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 371
Book Description
Want to write iOS apps or desktop Mac applications? This introduction to programming and the Objective-C language is your first step on the journey from someone who uses apps to someone who writes them. Based on Big Nerd Ranch's popular Objective-C Bootcamp, Objective-C Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide covers C, Objective-C, and the common programming idioms that enable developers to make the most of Apple technologies. Compatible with Xcode 5, iOS 7, and OS X Mavericks (10.9), this guide features short chapters and an engaging style to keep you motivated and moving forward. At the same time, it encourages you to think critically as a programmer. Here are some of the topics covered: Using Xcode, Apple’s documentation, and other tools Programming basics: variables, loops, functions, etc. Objects, classes, methods, and messages Pointers, addresses, and memory management with ARC Properties and Key-Value Coding (KVC) Class extensions Categories Classes from the Foundation framework Blocks Delegation, target-action, and notification design patterns Key-Value Observing (KVO) Runtime basics
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN: 0133491900
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 371
Book Description
Want to write iOS apps or desktop Mac applications? This introduction to programming and the Objective-C language is your first step on the journey from someone who uses apps to someone who writes them. Based on Big Nerd Ranch's popular Objective-C Bootcamp, Objective-C Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide covers C, Objective-C, and the common programming idioms that enable developers to make the most of Apple technologies. Compatible with Xcode 5, iOS 7, and OS X Mavericks (10.9), this guide features short chapters and an engaging style to keep you motivated and moving forward. At the same time, it encourages you to think critically as a programmer. Here are some of the topics covered: Using Xcode, Apple’s documentation, and other tools Programming basics: variables, loops, functions, etc. Objects, classes, methods, and messages Pointers, addresses, and memory management with ARC Properties and Key-Value Coding (KVC) Class extensions Categories Classes from the Foundation framework Blocks Delegation, target-action, and notification design patterns Key-Value Observing (KVO) Runtime basics