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Author: Donald J. Mabry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
For decades, the National Autonomous University of Mexicon (UNAM) has made headlines when its students demonstrated or staged strikes and when the Mexican government responded with force. Few observers, though, have recognized these events as scenes in a larger drama of university-state conflict, described for the first time in this volume. Since the beginning of the Mexican Revolution in 1910, the Mexican state has successfully gained control of virtually every major national institution, giving rise to claims that Mexico is a corporatist state that penetrates all of public life. UNAM, the nation’s premier cultural and educational organ, has belied this claim by escaping the tutelage of the state. Since 1929 the university’s autonomy has been maintained and expanded, principally by UNAM students. Yet there are two great ironies in the conflict between UNAM and the national government. First, the students themselves have seldom recognized their role in determining the university’s ability to limit the government’s power. Contrary to popular mythology, the conflicts have arisen over many small parochial issues, usually limited to student-oriented concerns such as class attendance or examination systems. The second, perhaps grater, irony is that most of Mexico’s political elite have received their training from UNAM--training in more than academic subjects. The student movements have given political experience and exposure to many who would later become important state or national politicians. Thus, student struggles against the state have often been struggles within the revolutionary family. Donald Mabry has drawn upon previously untapped archives and memoirs as well as extensive biographical data and other sources to piece together and interpret over sixty years of student politics and their role in the university-state conflict. The result is a myth-dispelling, comprehensive analysis important not only for those interested in Mexican history by also for those concerned with student politics, with relations between the state and its institutions, and with the role of the university in society.
Author: Donald J. Mabry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 352
Get Book Here
Book Description
For decades, the National Autonomous University of Mexicon (UNAM) has made headlines when its students demonstrated or staged strikes and when the Mexican government responded with force. Few observers, though, have recognized these events as scenes in a larger drama of university-state conflict, described for the first time in this volume. Since the beginning of the Mexican Revolution in 1910, the Mexican state has successfully gained control of virtually every major national institution, giving rise to claims that Mexico is a corporatist state that penetrates all of public life. UNAM, the nation’s premier cultural and educational organ, has belied this claim by escaping the tutelage of the state. Since 1929 the university’s autonomy has been maintained and expanded, principally by UNAM students. Yet there are two great ironies in the conflict between UNAM and the national government. First, the students themselves have seldom recognized their role in determining the university’s ability to limit the government’s power. Contrary to popular mythology, the conflicts have arisen over many small parochial issues, usually limited to student-oriented concerns such as class attendance or examination systems. The second, perhaps grater, irony is that most of Mexico’s political elite have received their training from UNAM--training in more than academic subjects. The student movements have given political experience and exposure to many who would later become important state or national politicians. Thus, student struggles against the state have often been struggles within the revolutionary family. Donald Mabry has drawn upon previously untapped archives and memoirs as well as extensive biographical data and other sources to piece together and interpret over sixty years of student politics and their role in the university-state conflict. The result is a myth-dispelling, comprehensive analysis important not only for those interested in Mexican history by also for those concerned with student politics, with relations between the state and its institutions, and with the role of the university in society.
Author: Susan M. Gauss
Publisher: Penn State Press
ISBN: 0271074450
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
The experiment with neoliberal market-oriented economic policy in Latin America, popularly known as the Washington Consensus, has run its course. With left-wing and populist regimes now in power in many countries, there is much debate about what direction economic policy should be taking, and there are those who believe that state-led development might be worth trying again. Susan Gauss’s study of the process by which Mexico transformed from a largely agrarian society into an urban, industrialized one in the two decades following the end of the Revolution is especially timely and may have lessons to offer to policy makers today. The image of a strong, centralized corporatist state led by the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) from the 1940s conceals what was actually a prolonged, messy process of debate and negotiation among the postrevolutionary state, labor, and regionally based industrial elites to define the nationalist project. Made in Mexico focuses on the distinctive nature of what happened in the four regions studied in detail: Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey, and Puebla. It shows how industrialism enabled recalcitrant elites to maintain a regionally grounded preserve of local authority outside of formal ruling-party institutions, balancing the tensions among centralization, consolidation of growth, and Mexico’s deep legacies of regional authority.
Author: William Dirk Raat
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780820318127
Category : Mexico
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
In 1821 Mexico was geographically the largest country in the western hemisphere. By 1853 however, it was but a quarter of its original size. Meanwhile, its neighbour north of the border had expanded its territory enormously - and mostly at Mexico's expense. Similarly in 1800 Mexico's per capita income was half that of the United States; by 1877 it had dropped to one-tenth. Such asymetries have long characterised the relationship between Mexico and the United States.
Author: John Christopher Cross
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 0804730628
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
As economic crises struck the Third World in the 1970s and 1980s, large segments of the population turned to the informal economy to survive. This book looks at street vending as a political process in the largest city in the world.
Author: Angela Valenzuela
Publisher: State University of New York Press
ISBN: 1438422628
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 349
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Book Description
Winner of the 2000 Outstanding Book Award presented by the American Educational Research Association Winner of the 2001 American Educational Studies Association Critics' Choice Award Honorable Mention, 2000 Gustavus Myers Outstanding Book Awards Subtractive Schooling provides a framework for understanding the patterns of immigrant achievement and U.S.-born underachievement frequently noted in the literature and observed by the author in her ethnographic account of regular-track youth attending a comprehensive, virtually all-Mexican, inner-city high school in Houston. Valenzuela argues that schools subtract resources from youth in two major ways: firstly by dismissing their definition of education and secondly, through assimilationist policies and practices that minimize their culture and language. A key consequence is the erosion of students' social capital evident in the absence of academically oriented networks among acculturated, U.S.-born youth.
Author: Steven E. Sanderson
Publisher: University of California Press
ISBN: 0520301749
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
As oil-rich Mexico faces the 1980s, conflicts between agrarian populism and capitalist industrialization call for resolution. The internal peace and political stability that made the period between the late 1930s and the early 1970s so productive left many Mexicans—particularly the campesinos—marginal to the benefits of the economy. During this period of economic growth, agrarian reform, the trademark of the Mexican revolution, was relegated to a position of lesser importance in national politics. But with forty percent of the population still remaning in the countryside, it is clear that programs for rural development and land redistribution must again be given prominence. In this study of Sonora—a key agricultural state in northwestern Mexico—Steven E. Sanderson examines in economic and political terms the post-revolutionary rise of agrarian reform and its decline, dividing the sixty years of change (from 1917 to 1976) into three periods. Agrarian populism dominated the first, which he calls a time of post-revolutionary consolidation (1917–1940). Then, during the "miracle years" of 1940–1970, the growing strength of capital and the success of state-led import substitution plans led to a counterreform in agrarian politics. In the final period, that of President Echeverria's populist resurgence (1970–1976), ambitious but flawed agrarian reform plans clashed with the sector that favored the increasing concentration of land, income, and political influence. Sonora provides a particularly interesting view of these developments because of its political and geographical distance from metropolitan Mexico, its rich history of independence, its economic growth since the revolution, and the political sophistication of its residents. The events in this state exemplify the regional imbalances, the ideological biases, and the political manipulations contributing to the crisis in state legitimacy that dominated Mexican politics in the 1970s. Using a combination of agrarian census materials, state archives, newspapers, records from relevant ministries, and selected interviews with participants, Sanderson presents the complex history of conflict between the political base supporting agrarian reform and the economic forces advocating industrialization and economic growth. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.
Author: Jaime M. Pensado
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
ISBN: 0816538425
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
This book offers a critical look at Mexican activism that expands our understanding of social movements during the Global 1960s--Provided by publisher.
Author: Deborah Cohen
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 0807899674
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 359
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Book Description
At the beginning of World War II, the United States and Mexico launched the bracero program, a series of labor agreements that brought Mexican men to work temporarily in U.S. agricultural fields. In Braceros, Deborah Cohen asks why these migrants provoked so much concern and anxiety in the United States and what the Mexican government expected to gain in participating in the program. Cohen creatively links the often-unconnected themes of exploitation, development, the rise of consumer cultures, and gendered class and race formation to show why those with connections beyond the nation have historically provoked suspicion, anxiety, and retaliatory political policies.
Author: Patricia Gándara
Publisher: State University of New York Press
ISBN: 1438483244
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
Millions of students in the US and Mexico begin their educations in one country and find themselves trying to integrate into the school system of the other. As global migration increases, their numbers are expected to grow and more and more teachers will find these transnational students in their classrooms. The goal of The Students We Share is to prepare educators for this present and future reality. While the US has been developing English as a Second Language programs for decades, Mexican schools do not offer such programs in Spanish and neither the US nor Mexico has prepared its teachers to address the educational, social-psychological, or other personal needs of transnational students. Teachers know little about the circumstances of transnational students' lives or histories and have little to no knowledge of the school systems of the country from which they or their family come. As such, they are fundamentally unprepared to equitably educate the "students we share," who often fall through the cracks and end their educations prematurely. Written by both Mexican and US pioneers in the field, chapters in this volume aim to prepare educators on both sides of the US-Mexico border to better understand the circumstances, strengths, and needs of the transnational students we teach. With recommendations for policymakers, administrators, teacher educators, teachers, and researchers in both countries, The Students We Share shows how preparing teachers is our shared responsibility and opportunity. It describes policies, classroom practices, and norms of both systems, as well as examples of ongoing partnerships across borders to prepare the teachers we need for our shared students to thrive.
Author: Stephanie J. Smith
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN: 0807888656
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
The state of Yucatan is commonly considered to have been a hotbed of radical feminism during the Mexican Revolution. Challenging this romanticized view, Stephanie Smith examines the revolutionary reforms designed to break women's ties to tradition and religion, as well as the ways in which women shaped these developments. Smith analyzes the various regulations introduced by Yucatan's two revolution-era governors, Salvador Alvarado and Felipe Carrillo Puerto. Like many revolutionary leaders throughout Mexico, the Yucatan policy makers professed allegiance to women's rights and socialist principles. Yet they, too, passed laws and condoned legal practices that excluded women from equal participation and reinforced their inferior status. Using court cases brought by ordinary women, including those of Mayan descent, Smith demonstrates the importance of women's agency during the Mexican Revolution. But, she says, despite the intervention of women at many levels of Yucatecan society, the rigid definition of women's social roles as strictly that of wives and mothers within the Mexican nation guaranteed that long-term, substantial gains remained out of reach for most women for years to come.
