The Larval Dispersal of California Marine Invertebrates PDF Download
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Author: Henry S. Carson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Marine invertebrates
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Measuring the exchange of larvae is fundamental to understanding the population dynamics of marine organisms and designing effective management and restoration strategies for them. Population connectivity in the sea has been difficult to measure directly due to the small size and high mortality of marine larvae and their vast potential dispersal area. In three separate studies I examined larval dispersal in three groups of invertebrates on the California coast. The first study estimated the dispersal potential of 501 southern California bight polychaete species using known or inferred life-history characteristics, and related this potential to the species' distributions. Increased potential to disperse was related to higher occurrence frequencies in samples collected from soft-sediment habitats on the Channel Island shelves, but not on southern California mainland shelves. Channel Island polychaetes had lower dispersal potentials than their mainland counterparts, which may make Channel Island marine reserves comparatively more effective at maintaining local reproduction and, as a consequence, biodiversity. The second study explored the use of trace-elemental fingerprinting techniques to measure dispersal directly. These techniques have been previously utilized on larvae that retain calcified structures through development, such as fish or molluscs. We explored the use of trace-elemental fingerprinting on larvae that lack such structures. We found fine-scale chemical variation in porcelain crab embryos at 16 sites along 175 kilometers of coastline. This variation could potentially be used as a site- or region-specific fingerprint to assign settled porcelain crab larvae back to their point of origin. The third study employed trace-elemental fingerprinting to track the larvae of the Olympia oyster among four estuaries in southern California. Settled larvae collected at eight sites in 2007 were assigned to one of three source regions by comparing the chemistry of the portion of their shell formed during brooding with brooded shells collected at the same sites. Significant larval exchange occurred among all three regions separated by as many as 75 kilometers of coastline. The majority of recruits to San Diego Bay and two north San Diego County lagoons were self-recruits, and these two regions produced the majority of recruits to Mission Bay
Author: Henry S. Carson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Marine invertebrates
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Measuring the exchange of larvae is fundamental to understanding the population dynamics of marine organisms and designing effective management and restoration strategies for them. Population connectivity in the sea has been difficult to measure directly due to the small size and high mortality of marine larvae and their vast potential dispersal area. In three separate studies I examined larval dispersal in three groups of invertebrates on the California coast. The first study estimated the dispersal potential of 501 southern California bight polychaete species using known or inferred life-history characteristics, and related this potential to the species' distributions. Increased potential to disperse was related to higher occurrence frequencies in samples collected from soft-sediment habitats on the Channel Island shelves, but not on southern California mainland shelves. Channel Island polychaetes had lower dispersal potentials than their mainland counterparts, which may make Channel Island marine reserves comparatively more effective at maintaining local reproduction and, as a consequence, biodiversity. The second study explored the use of trace-elemental fingerprinting techniques to measure dispersal directly. These techniques have been previously utilized on larvae that retain calcified structures through development, such as fish or molluscs. We explored the use of trace-elemental fingerprinting on larvae that lack such structures. We found fine-scale chemical variation in porcelain crab embryos at 16 sites along 175 kilometers of coastline. This variation could potentially be used as a site- or region-specific fingerprint to assign settled porcelain crab larvae back to their point of origin. The third study employed trace-elemental fingerprinting to track the larvae of the Olympia oyster among four estuaries in southern California. Settled larvae collected at eight sites in 2007 were assigned to one of three source regions by comparing the chemistry of the portion of their shell formed during brooding with brooded shells collected at the same sites. Significant larval exchange occurred among all three regions separated by as many as 75 kilometers of coastline. The majority of recruits to San Diego Bay and two north San Diego County lagoons were self-recruits, and these two regions produced the majority of recruits to Mission Bay
Author: Larry McEdward
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429610548
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 485
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Book Description
This is the first book to provide a detailed treatment of the field of larval ecology. The 13 chapters use state-of-the-art reviews and critiques of nearly all of the major topics in this diverse and rapidly growing field. Topics include: patterns of larval diversity, reproductive energetics, spawning ecology, life history theory, larval feeding and nutrition, larval mortality, behavior and locomotion, larval transport, dispersal, population genetics, recruitment dynamics and larval evolution. Written by the leading new scientists in the field, chapters define the current state of larval ecology and outline the important questions for future research.
Author: Tyler J. Carrier
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198786964
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
"More than seventy percent of the earth's surface is covered by the ocean which is home to a staggering and sometimes overwhelming diversity of organisms, the majority of which reside in pelagic form. Marine invertebrate larvae are an integral component of this pelagic diversity and have stimulated the curiosity of researchers for centuries. This accessible, upper-level text provides an important and timely update on the topic of larval evolution and ecology, representing the first major synthesis of this interdisciplinary field for more than 20 years. The content is structured around four major areas: evolutionary origins and transitions in developmental mode; functional morphology and ecology of larval forms; larval transport, settlement, and metamorphosis; larval ecology in extreme and changing environments. This novel synthesis integrates traditional larval ecology with life history theory, evolutionary developmental biology, and modern genomics research to provide a research and teaching tool for decades to come." -- from the rear cover.
Author: Dr. Larry G. Allen
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520932471
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1353
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Book Description
Marine fishes have been intensively studied, and some of the fundamental ideas in the science of marine ecology have emerged from the body of knowledge derived from this diverse group of organisms. This unique, authoritative, and accessible reference, compiled by 35 luminary ecologists, evolutionary biologists, and ichthyologists, provides a synthesis and interpretation of the large, often daunting, body of information on the ecology of marine fishes. The focus is on the fauna of the eastern Pacific, especially the fishes of the California coast, a group among the most diverse and best studied of all marine ecosystems. A generously illustrated and comprehensive source of information, this volume will also be an important launching pad for future research and will shed new light on the study of marine fish ecology worldwide. The contributors touch on many fields in biology, including physiology, development, genetics, behavior, ecology, and evolution. The book includes sections on the history of research, both published and unpublished data, sections on collecting techniques, and references to important earlier studies.
Author: Larry McEdward
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429605021
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
This is the first book to provide a detailed treatment of the field of larval ecology. The 13 chapters use state-of-the-art reviews and critiques of nearly all of the major topics in this diverse and rapidly growing field. Topics include: patterns of larval diversity, reproductive energetics, spawning ecology, life history theory, larval feeding and nutrition, larval mortality, behavior and locomotion, larval transport, dispersal, population genetics, recruitment dynamics and larval evolution. Written by the leading new scientists in the field, chapters define the current state of larval ecology and outline the important questions for future research.
Author: Jon D. Witman
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226904148
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
Pioneered in the late 1980s, the concept of macroecology—a framework for studying ecological communities with a focus on patterns and processes—revolutionized the field. Although this approach has been applied mainly to terrestrial ecosystems, there is increasing interest in quantifying macroecological patterns in the sea and understanding the processes that generate them. Taking stock of the current work in the field and advocating a research agenda for the decades ahead, Marine Macroecology draws together insights and approaches from a diverse group of scientists to show how marine ecology can benefit from the adoption of macroecological approaches. Divided into three parts, Marine Macroecology first provides an overview of marine diversity patterns and offers case studies of specific habitats and taxonomic groups. In the second part, contributors focus on process-based explanations for marine ecological patterns. The third part presents new approaches to understanding processes driving the macroecolgical patterns in the sea. Uniting unique insights from different perspectives with the common goal of identifying and understanding large-scale biodiversity patterns, Marine Macroecology will inspire the next wave of marine ecologists to approach their research from a macroecological perspective.
Author: Megumi F. Strathmann
Publisher: University of Washington Press
ISBN: 0295743247
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 682
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Book Description
This reference work is designed to provide background information on an array of northeastern Pacific marine invertebrate species so that they can be more easily included in comparative studies of morphology, cell biology, reproduction, embryology, larval biology, and ecology. It is meant to serve biologists who are new to the field as well as experienced investigators who may not be familiar with the invertebrate fauna of the northern Pacific Coast. The species discussed in this volume are mostly from the cold temperate waters of the San Juan Archipelago, near Puget SOund and the Strait of Georgia, but the information and methods given will be useful in laboratories from Alaska to central California and applicable to some extend in other coastal or inland facilities. An introductory chapter discusses basic prodcedures for collecting and maintaining mature specimens, for initiating spawning, and for culturing embryos and larvae in the laboratory. Subsequent chapters summarize reproduction and development in thirty different invertebrate groups and provided ercent references through which additional information can be traced, cite monographs or keys needed to identify species, and give methods useful for studying an array of selected species. Available information on habitat, diet, reproductive mode, egg size, developmental pattern, developmental times, larval type, and conditions for settlement and metamorphosis is reported for over 450 species.
Author: John Stanley Ryland
Publisher: Olsen & Olsen
ISBN: 9788785215154
Category : Marine animals
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
Author: Reuben Lasker
Publisher: University of Washington Press
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
THE LARVAL LIFE AND HISTORY OF MARINE FISHES.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309072867
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
Although the ocean-and the resources within-seem limitless, there is clear evidence that human impacts such as overfishing, habitat destruction, and pollution disrupt marine ecosystems and threaten the long-term productivity of the seas. Declining yields in many fisheries and decay of treasured marine habitats, such as coral reefs, has heightened interest in establishing a comprehensive system of marine protected areas (MPAs)-areas designated for special protection to enhance the management of marine resources. Therefore, there is an urgent need to evaluate how MPAs can be employed in the United States and internationally as tools to support specific conservation needs of marine and coastal waters. Marine Protected Areas compares conventional management of marine resources with proposals to augment these management strategies with a system of protected areas. The volume argues that implementation of MPAs should be incremental and adaptive, through the design of areas not only to conserve resources, but also to help us learn how to manage marine species more effectively.
