Author: Sarah Crabtree
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022625593X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 285
Book Description
How Early American Quakers transcended the idea of the nation-state during the turbulent Age of Revolution: “Provocative . . . important . . . Highly recommended.” —Choice Early American Quakers have long been perceived as retiring separatists, but in Holy Nation Sarah Crabtree transforms our historical understanding of the sect by drawing on the sermons, diaries, and correspondence of Quakers themselves. Situating Quakerism within the larger intellectual and religious undercurrents of the Atlantic world, Crabtree shows how Quakers forged a paradoxical sense of their place in the world as militant warriors fighting for peace. She argues that during the turbulent Age of Revolution and Reaction, the Religious Society of Friends forged a “holy nation,” a transnational community of like-minded believers committed first and foremost to divine law and to one another. Declaring themselves citizens of their own nation served to underscore the decidedly unholy nature of the nation-state, worldly governments, and profane laws. As a result, campaigns of persecution against the Friends escalated as those in power moved to declare Quakers aliens and traitors to their home countries. Holy Nation convincingly shows that ideals and actions were inseparable for the Society of Friends, yielding an account of Quakerism that is simultaneously a history of the faith and its adherents and a history of its confrontations with the wider world. Ultimately, Crabtree says, the conflicts between obligations of church and state that Quakers faced can illuminate similar contemporary struggles. “A significant and highly important contribution to the scholarship on the intersection of religion and nationalism during [these] critical decades. . . . carefully researched and elegantly written.” —Kirsten Fischer, University of Minnesota
Holy Nation
Author: Sarah Crabtree
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022625593X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 285
Book Description
How Early American Quakers transcended the idea of the nation-state during the turbulent Age of Revolution: “Provocative . . . important . . . Highly recommended.” —Choice Early American Quakers have long been perceived as retiring separatists, but in Holy Nation Sarah Crabtree transforms our historical understanding of the sect by drawing on the sermons, diaries, and correspondence of Quakers themselves. Situating Quakerism within the larger intellectual and religious undercurrents of the Atlantic world, Crabtree shows how Quakers forged a paradoxical sense of their place in the world as militant warriors fighting for peace. She argues that during the turbulent Age of Revolution and Reaction, the Religious Society of Friends forged a “holy nation,” a transnational community of like-minded believers committed first and foremost to divine law and to one another. Declaring themselves citizens of their own nation served to underscore the decidedly unholy nature of the nation-state, worldly governments, and profane laws. As a result, campaigns of persecution against the Friends escalated as those in power moved to declare Quakers aliens and traitors to their home countries. Holy Nation convincingly shows that ideals and actions were inseparable for the Society of Friends, yielding an account of Quakerism that is simultaneously a history of the faith and its adherents and a history of its confrontations with the wider world. Ultimately, Crabtree says, the conflicts between obligations of church and state that Quakers faced can illuminate similar contemporary struggles. “A significant and highly important contribution to the scholarship on the intersection of religion and nationalism during [these] critical decades. . . . carefully researched and elegantly written.” —Kirsten Fischer, University of Minnesota
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022625593X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 285
Book Description
How Early American Quakers transcended the idea of the nation-state during the turbulent Age of Revolution: “Provocative . . . important . . . Highly recommended.” —Choice Early American Quakers have long been perceived as retiring separatists, but in Holy Nation Sarah Crabtree transforms our historical understanding of the sect by drawing on the sermons, diaries, and correspondence of Quakers themselves. Situating Quakerism within the larger intellectual and religious undercurrents of the Atlantic world, Crabtree shows how Quakers forged a paradoxical sense of their place in the world as militant warriors fighting for peace. She argues that during the turbulent Age of Revolution and Reaction, the Religious Society of Friends forged a “holy nation,” a transnational community of like-minded believers committed first and foremost to divine law and to one another. Declaring themselves citizens of their own nation served to underscore the decidedly unholy nature of the nation-state, worldly governments, and profane laws. As a result, campaigns of persecution against the Friends escalated as those in power moved to declare Quakers aliens and traitors to their home countries. Holy Nation convincingly shows that ideals and actions were inseparable for the Society of Friends, yielding an account of Quakerism that is simultaneously a history of the faith and its adherents and a history of its confrontations with the wider world. Ultimately, Crabtree says, the conflicts between obligations of church and state that Quakers faced can illuminate similar contemporary struggles. “A significant and highly important contribution to the scholarship on the intersection of religion and nationalism during [these] critical decades. . . . carefully researched and elegantly written.” —Kirsten Fischer, University of Minnesota
A Free Church, a Holy Nation
Author: John Bolt
Publisher: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 532
Book Description
"In addition to considering such key issues as poverty, wealth and power, theocracy and pluralism, civil religion, the culture wars and political cooperation between evangelicals and Roman Catholics. Bolt also draws extended comparisons between Kuyper's views and the thought of Alexis de Tocqueville, Lord John Acton, Pope Leo XIII, Walter Rauschenbusch, and Jonathan Edwards. A distinctive feature of this study is its focus on the rhetorical, poetic character of Kuyper's public theology and practice as a political leader. Bolt shows how focusing on Kuyper's rhetorical and mythopoetic perspective, rather than on his theological and philosophical ideas, provides contemporary evangelicals with a more credible and effective theology for the public square."--Jacket.
Publisher: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 532
Book Description
"In addition to considering such key issues as poverty, wealth and power, theocracy and pluralism, civil religion, the culture wars and political cooperation between evangelicals and Roman Catholics. Bolt also draws extended comparisons between Kuyper's views and the thought of Alexis de Tocqueville, Lord John Acton, Pope Leo XIII, Walter Rauschenbusch, and Jonathan Edwards. A distinctive feature of this study is its focus on the rhetorical, poetic character of Kuyper's public theology and practice as a political leader. Bolt shows how focusing on Kuyper's rhetorical and mythopoetic perspective, rather than on his theological and philosophical ideas, provides contemporary evangelicals with a more credible and effective theology for the public square."--Jacket.
One Holy Nation
Author: James Slobodzien
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781541394971
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
Is it possible:~ that it was never God's will for humans to create organized religions ?~ that it was God's plan from the beginning to gather together a united nation to govern his universe ?~ that in the end, God will unite a remnant of believers from every faith and religion into His One Holy Nation ? Jesus sent out his 12 Apostles with the following instructions: "Do not go among the Gentiles or enter any town of the Samaritans. Go rather to the lost sheep of Israel,"(Mt. 10: 5-6). Why did Jesus say, "I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel,"(Mt. 15:24). Who are these sheep and where are these TRIBES today? Why have God's chosen people been a TABOO subject hidden in a conspiracy of silence for thousands of years? Could the worldwide underground Church find its true identity in the Lost Tribes of Israel? Are you interested in unlocking the hidden key to End-Time prophecies, by unearthing - the Ancient Path Way (Jer. 6:16; Jn. 14:6)? Are you ready to discover the Royal Priesthood of ALL Believers that will be united in One Holy Nation in the New Jerusalem? Written in a riveting unorthodox style One Holy Nation unveils prophetic mysteries that will take you on a wild biblical journey from Genesis to Revelation that will change your understanding of the Bible forever!
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781541394971
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
Is it possible:~ that it was never God's will for humans to create organized religions ?~ that it was God's plan from the beginning to gather together a united nation to govern his universe ?~ that in the end, God will unite a remnant of believers from every faith and religion into His One Holy Nation ? Jesus sent out his 12 Apostles with the following instructions: "Do not go among the Gentiles or enter any town of the Samaritans. Go rather to the lost sheep of Israel,"(Mt. 10: 5-6). Why did Jesus say, "I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel,"(Mt. 15:24). Who are these sheep and where are these TRIBES today? Why have God's chosen people been a TABOO subject hidden in a conspiracy of silence for thousands of years? Could the worldwide underground Church find its true identity in the Lost Tribes of Israel? Are you interested in unlocking the hidden key to End-Time prophecies, by unearthing - the Ancient Path Way (Jer. 6:16; Jn. 14:6)? Are you ready to discover the Royal Priesthood of ALL Believers that will be united in One Holy Nation in the New Jerusalem? Written in a riveting unorthodox style One Holy Nation unveils prophetic mysteries that will take you on a wild biblical journey from Genesis to Revelation that will change your understanding of the Bible forever!
The Chosen
Author: Blake Higginbotham
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781793251695
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
We are engaged in the conflict of the ages and for the first time in this generation, the sons of the Kingdom are awakening to the reality that the Kingdom has, is and will continue to come. It is not limited to a lifetime, generation or millennium. The defeated-one has been stripped of his rank power and authority. He is an interloper and usurper who no longer has a right to rule and reign. He is using deception and division to advance his anti-messianic message, and strong delusion, hatred, and intimidation to forward his agenda. He knows that we are not waiting to win. We won 2000 years ago. We are THE CHOSEN. This is our day and VICTORY is ours for the taking."As long as one son is alive on planet earth, the defeated-one will never again rise to power."His sons are awakening to the reality that WHAT we are doing is not working very well and they are also becoming aware that we have been sorely misinformed about a great many things.The order and government of Yahweh is both uncomfortable and disconcerting to the orphan of our soul, but then the son in us begins to surrender by the Spirit to the Sovereign will and authority of the King and His Domain.It is my hope that the revelatory knowledge contained in this book will provide a workable solution that produces Kingdom results."The gospel of the Kingdom is good news. Beware of those who make it about coming events."It is my prayer that this book will challenge all of us to continue to think outside of the box when it comes to our quest for TRUTH.
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781793251695
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
We are engaged in the conflict of the ages and for the first time in this generation, the sons of the Kingdom are awakening to the reality that the Kingdom has, is and will continue to come. It is not limited to a lifetime, generation or millennium. The defeated-one has been stripped of his rank power and authority. He is an interloper and usurper who no longer has a right to rule and reign. He is using deception and division to advance his anti-messianic message, and strong delusion, hatred, and intimidation to forward his agenda. He knows that we are not waiting to win. We won 2000 years ago. We are THE CHOSEN. This is our day and VICTORY is ours for the taking."As long as one son is alive on planet earth, the defeated-one will never again rise to power."His sons are awakening to the reality that WHAT we are doing is not working very well and they are also becoming aware that we have been sorely misinformed about a great many things.The order and government of Yahweh is both uncomfortable and disconcerting to the orphan of our soul, but then the son in us begins to surrender by the Spirit to the Sovereign will and authority of the King and His Domain.It is my hope that the revelatory knowledge contained in this book will provide a workable solution that produces Kingdom results."The gospel of the Kingdom is good news. Beware of those who make it about coming events."It is my prayer that this book will challenge all of us to continue to think outside of the box when it comes to our quest for TRUTH.
Jesus Nation
Author: Joe Stowell
Publisher: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc.
ISBN: 1414300492
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 205
Book Description
Dr. Joe Stowell is a Chicago Cubs fan—to the death! For Joe, there is nothing quite like showing up on a bright summer day at the friendly confines of Wrigley Field to cheer the Cubbies on. Cubs fans are so fanatic that they are now called the “Cubs Nation.” To belong to the Cubs Nation means that you belong to something bigger than yourself. What group are "you" passionate about? Do you have your own sports team you’re devoted to? Are you dedicated to a cause? To a set of friends? To a national identity? What cause have you sacrificed your all to and aren't ashamed about it? Is it to a career? To some change in your community? To the defense of an institution or your friends? According to Joe Stowell, there is a bigger revolution happening right under our noses. There is a cause greater than nation, creed, or even a sports team. In his trademark style, Joe Stowell wakes up readers to a revolution of the heart occurring now and transforming our nation—the Jesus Nation.
Publisher: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc.
ISBN: 1414300492
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 205
Book Description
Dr. Joe Stowell is a Chicago Cubs fan—to the death! For Joe, there is nothing quite like showing up on a bright summer day at the friendly confines of Wrigley Field to cheer the Cubbies on. Cubs fans are so fanatic that they are now called the “Cubs Nation.” To belong to the Cubs Nation means that you belong to something bigger than yourself. What group are "you" passionate about? Do you have your own sports team you’re devoted to? Are you dedicated to a cause? To a set of friends? To a national identity? What cause have you sacrificed your all to and aren't ashamed about it? Is it to a career? To some change in your community? To the defense of an institution or your friends? According to Joe Stowell, there is a bigger revolution happening right under our noses. There is a cause greater than nation, creed, or even a sports team. In his trademark style, Joe Stowell wakes up readers to a revolution of the heart occurring now and transforming our nation—the Jesus Nation.
Ireland's Holy Wars
Author: Marcus Tanner
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 9780300092813
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 532
Book Description
For much of the twentieth century, Ireland has been synonymous with conflict, the painful struggle for its national soul part of the regular fabric of life. And because the Irish have emigrated to all parts of the world--while always remaining Irish--"the troubles" have become part of a common heritage, well beyond their own borders. In most accounts of Irish history, the focus is on the political rivalry between Unionism and Republicanism. But the roots of the Irish conflict are profoundly and inescapably religious. As Marcus Tanner shows in this vivid, warm, and perceptive book, only by understanding the consequences over five centuries of the failed attempt by the English to make Ireland into a Protestant state can the pervasive tribal hatreds of today be seen in context. Tanner traces the creation of a modern Irish national identity through the popular resistance to imposed Protestantism and the common defense of Catholicism by the Gaelic Irish and the Old English of the Pale, who settled in Ireland after its twelfth-century conquest. The book is based on detailed research into the Irish past and a personal encounter with today's Ireland, from Belfast to Cork. Tanner has walked with the Apprentice Boys of Derry and explored the so-called Bandit Country of South Armagh. He has visited churches and religious organizations across the thirty-two counties of Ireland, spoken with priests, pastors, and their congregations, and crossed and re-crossed the lines that for centuries have isolated the faiths of Ireland and their history.
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 9780300092813
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 532
Book Description
For much of the twentieth century, Ireland has been synonymous with conflict, the painful struggle for its national soul part of the regular fabric of life. And because the Irish have emigrated to all parts of the world--while always remaining Irish--"the troubles" have become part of a common heritage, well beyond their own borders. In most accounts of Irish history, the focus is on the political rivalry between Unionism and Republicanism. But the roots of the Irish conflict are profoundly and inescapably religious. As Marcus Tanner shows in this vivid, warm, and perceptive book, only by understanding the consequences over five centuries of the failed attempt by the English to make Ireland into a Protestant state can the pervasive tribal hatreds of today be seen in context. Tanner traces the creation of a modern Irish national identity through the popular resistance to imposed Protestantism and the common defense of Catholicism by the Gaelic Irish and the Old English of the Pale, who settled in Ireland after its twelfth-century conquest. The book is based on detailed research into the Irish past and a personal encounter with today's Ireland, from Belfast to Cork. Tanner has walked with the Apprentice Boys of Derry and explored the so-called Bandit Country of South Armagh. He has visited churches and religious organizations across the thirty-two counties of Ireland, spoken with priests, pastors, and their congregations, and crossed and re-crossed the lines that for centuries have isolated the faiths of Ireland and their history.
The Wiersbe Bible Commentary: Old Testament
Author: Warren W. Wiersbe
Publisher: David C Cook
ISBN: 9781434765871
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 1540
Book Description
Whether you are a pastor, teacher, or layperson, now you can study the Bible in easy-to-read sections that emphasize personal application as well as biblical meaning. Developed from Dr. Wiersbe's popular "Be" series of Bible study books, this commentary carefully unpacks all of God's Word. The Wiersbe Bible Commentary Old Testament offers you: Dr. Wiersbe's trustworthy insights on the entire Old Testaments New Biblical images, maps, and charts Introductions and outlines for each book of the Bible Clear, readable text that's free of academic jargon Let one of the most beloved and respected Bible teachers of our time guide you verse-by-verse through the Scriptures. It's the trusted reference you'll love to read.
Publisher: David C Cook
ISBN: 9781434765871
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 1540
Book Description
Whether you are a pastor, teacher, or layperson, now you can study the Bible in easy-to-read sections that emphasize personal application as well as biblical meaning. Developed from Dr. Wiersbe's popular "Be" series of Bible study books, this commentary carefully unpacks all of God's Word. The Wiersbe Bible Commentary Old Testament offers you: Dr. Wiersbe's trustworthy insights on the entire Old Testaments New Biblical images, maps, and charts Introductions and outlines for each book of the Bible Clear, readable text that's free of academic jargon Let one of the most beloved and respected Bible teachers of our time guide you verse-by-verse through the Scriptures. It's the trusted reference you'll love to read.
Migrations of the Holy
Author: William T. Cavanaugh
Publisher: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing
ISBN: 0802866093
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 207
Book Description
Whether one thinks that religion continues to fade or has made a comeback in the contemporary world, there is a common notion that religion went away somewhere, at least in the West. But William Cavanaugh argues that religious fervor never left it has only migrated toward a new object of worship. In Migrations of the Holy he examines the disconcerting modern transfer of sacred devotion from the church to the nation-state. In these chapters Cavanaugh cautions readers to be wary of a rigid separation of religion and politics that boxes in the church and sends citizens instead to the state for hope, comfort, and salvation as they navigate the risks and pains of mortal life. When nationality becomes the primary source of identity and belonging, he warns, the state becomes the god and idol of its own religion, the language of nationalism becomes a liturgy, and devotees willingly sacrifice their lives to serve and defend their country. Cavanaugh urges Christians to resist this form of idolatry, to unthink the inevitability of the nation-state and its dreary party politics, to embrace radical forms of political pluralism that privilege local communities and to cling to an incarnational theology that weaves itself seamlessly and tangibly into all aspects of daily life and culture. William Cavanaugh continues to provide leadership and vision in the field of political theology. He addresses essential questions about the religious status of the nation-state, the political character of the church, and how the tradition of Christian political thought might be brought to bear upon contemporary politics. . . . Unfolds a theological response to present political conditions and a political response to our theological condition. Luke Bretherton King s College London Another vigorous but distinct voice in the burgeoning conversation about the role of religion generally and the church specifically in political life. . . . Worth a careful read. Robert Benne
Publisher: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing
ISBN: 0802866093
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 207
Book Description
Whether one thinks that religion continues to fade or has made a comeback in the contemporary world, there is a common notion that religion went away somewhere, at least in the West. But William Cavanaugh argues that religious fervor never left it has only migrated toward a new object of worship. In Migrations of the Holy he examines the disconcerting modern transfer of sacred devotion from the church to the nation-state. In these chapters Cavanaugh cautions readers to be wary of a rigid separation of religion and politics that boxes in the church and sends citizens instead to the state for hope, comfort, and salvation as they navigate the risks and pains of mortal life. When nationality becomes the primary source of identity and belonging, he warns, the state becomes the god and idol of its own religion, the language of nationalism becomes a liturgy, and devotees willingly sacrifice their lives to serve and defend their country. Cavanaugh urges Christians to resist this form of idolatry, to unthink the inevitability of the nation-state and its dreary party politics, to embrace radical forms of political pluralism that privilege local communities and to cling to an incarnational theology that weaves itself seamlessly and tangibly into all aspects of daily life and culture. William Cavanaugh continues to provide leadership and vision in the field of political theology. He addresses essential questions about the religious status of the nation-state, the political character of the church, and how the tradition of Christian political thought might be brought to bear upon contemporary politics. . . . Unfolds a theological response to present political conditions and a political response to our theological condition. Luke Bretherton King s College London Another vigorous but distinct voice in the burgeoning conversation about the role of religion generally and the church specifically in political life. . . . Worth a careful read. Robert Benne
Learning Messiah
Author: Edjan Westerman
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1532654251
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 433
Book Description
Israel’s election, calling, and history make up a big part of Scripture. It could be said that they belong to the “DNA of the Bible.” But why is it then that the Christian narrative about the Messiah, Israel, and the nations, often seemed to have and sometimes even still has a different “genetic structure”? Does Israel—together with its election and promises—leave God’s stage through a side door, when Jesus appears on stage? Does a changing of roles take place, within a different story? Does the Messiah function within it as some kind of “black hole” in which the eternal election and calling of Israel disappear? How do we read God’s way? The Holocaust made us realize that our de-Jew-ized reading and preaching of Scripture contributed in various ways to this catastrophe. And we find ourselves confronted by the question: How does the narrative of the Bible then look when the whole of Scripture plays a decisive role, and the faithfulness of God toward Israel stays in the center? This book presents an answer to these questions, calling us to learn to read God’s way anew, and to walk in it.
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1532654251
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 433
Book Description
Israel’s election, calling, and history make up a big part of Scripture. It could be said that they belong to the “DNA of the Bible.” But why is it then that the Christian narrative about the Messiah, Israel, and the nations, often seemed to have and sometimes even still has a different “genetic structure”? Does Israel—together with its election and promises—leave God’s stage through a side door, when Jesus appears on stage? Does a changing of roles take place, within a different story? Does the Messiah function within it as some kind of “black hole” in which the eternal election and calling of Israel disappear? How do we read God’s way? The Holocaust made us realize that our de-Jew-ized reading and preaching of Scripture contributed in various ways to this catastrophe. And we find ourselves confronted by the question: How does the narrative of the Bible then look when the whole of Scripture plays a decisive role, and the faithfulness of God toward Israel stays in the center? This book presents an answer to these questions, calling us to learn to read God’s way anew, and to walk in it.
The Holy Spirit Before Christianity
Author: John R. Levison
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781481310789
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Book Description
With his latest book, The Holy Spirit before Christianity, John R. Levison again changes the face and foundation of Christian belief in the Holy Spirit. The categories Christians have used, the boundaries they have created, the proprietary claims they have made--all of these evaporate, now that Levison has looked afresh at Scripture. In a study that is both poignant and provocative, Levison takes readers back five hundred years before Jesus, where he discovers history's first grasp of the Holy Spirit as a personal agent. The prophet Haggai and the author of Isaiah 56-66, in their search for ways to grapple with the tragic events of exile and to articulate hope for the future, took up old exodus traditions of divine agents--pillars of fire, an angel, God's own presence--and fused them with belief in God's Spirit. Since it was the Spirit of God who led Israel up from Egypt and formed them into a holy nation, now, the prophets assured their hearers, the Spirit of God would lead and renew those returning from exile. Taking this point of origin as our guide, Christian pneumatology--belief in the Holy Spirit--is less about an exclusively Christian experience or doctrine and more about the presence of God in the grand scheme of Israel's history, in which Christianity is ancient Israel's heir. This explosive observation traces the essence of Christian pneumatology deep into the heart of the Hebrew Scriptures. The implications are fierce: the priority of Israelite tradition at the headwaters of pneumatology means that Christians can no longer hold stubbornly to the Holy Spirit as an exclusively Christian belief. But the implications are hopeful as well, offering Christians a richer history, a renewed vocabulary, a shared path with Judaism, and the promise of a more expansive and authentic experience of the Holy Spirit.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781481310789
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Book Description
With his latest book, The Holy Spirit before Christianity, John R. Levison again changes the face and foundation of Christian belief in the Holy Spirit. The categories Christians have used, the boundaries they have created, the proprietary claims they have made--all of these evaporate, now that Levison has looked afresh at Scripture. In a study that is both poignant and provocative, Levison takes readers back five hundred years before Jesus, where he discovers history's first grasp of the Holy Spirit as a personal agent. The prophet Haggai and the author of Isaiah 56-66, in their search for ways to grapple with the tragic events of exile and to articulate hope for the future, took up old exodus traditions of divine agents--pillars of fire, an angel, God's own presence--and fused them with belief in God's Spirit. Since it was the Spirit of God who led Israel up from Egypt and formed them into a holy nation, now, the prophets assured their hearers, the Spirit of God would lead and renew those returning from exile. Taking this point of origin as our guide, Christian pneumatology--belief in the Holy Spirit--is less about an exclusively Christian experience or doctrine and more about the presence of God in the grand scheme of Israel's history, in which Christianity is ancient Israel's heir. This explosive observation traces the essence of Christian pneumatology deep into the heart of the Hebrew Scriptures. The implications are fierce: the priority of Israelite tradition at the headwaters of pneumatology means that Christians can no longer hold stubbornly to the Holy Spirit as an exclusively Christian belief. But the implications are hopeful as well, offering Christians a richer history, a renewed vocabulary, a shared path with Judaism, and the promise of a more expansive and authentic experience of the Holy Spirit.