Author: Robert Mueller, 3rd
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781736505106
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Have you ever felt like The Mueller Report is too long or thought it has too many words? Maybe you don't like The Mueller Report's findings and conclusions? If so, then The Fully Redacted Mueller Report is the book for you. With 99% more redacted text than the actual Mueller Report, you can now speed through The Report On The Investigation Into Russian Interference In The 2016 Presidential Election. You will find the following in this more fully redacted tome: Robert Mueller's report (fully redacted), Mueller's letter to Attorney General William Barr (fully redacted), and a forward explaining the reasons behind publishing The Fully Redacted Mueller Report (also fully redacted).
The Fully Redacted Mueller Report
The Mueller Report Hardcover Extra Summary Editon
Author: ROBERT S MUELLER. III
Publisher: Blurb
ISBN: 9780368954825
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
Special Counsel Robert Mueller's report, delivered to the public in April 2019, is a lengthy 448 pages and spans two volumes. Mike Twonsky's 18-minute summary distills the Mueller Report into its key information and analysis.
Publisher: Blurb
ISBN: 9780368954825
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
Special Counsel Robert Mueller's report, delivered to the public in April 2019, is a lengthy 448 pages and spans two volumes. Mike Twonsky's 18-minute summary distills the Mueller Report into its key information and analysis.
The Mueller Report
Author: The Washington Post
Publisher: Scribner
ISBN: 1982129735
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 752
Book Description
ONE OF TIME’S 100 BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR The Crucial #1 New York Times Bestseller “The Mueller report is that rare Washington tell-all that surpasses its pre-publication hype…the best book by far on the workings of the Trump presidency.” —Carlos Lozada, The Washington Post The only book with exclusive analysis by the Pulitzer Prize–winning staff of The Washington Post, and the most complete and authoritative available. Read the findings of the Special Counsel’s investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 election, complete with accompanying analysis by the Post reporters who’ve covered the story from the beginning. This edition from The Washington Post/Scribner contains: —The long-awaited Report On The Investigation Into Russian Interference In The 2016 Presidential Election —An introduction by The Washington Post titled “A President, a Prosecutor, and the Protection of American Democracy” —A timeline of the major events of the Special Counsel’s investigation from May 2017, when Robert Mueller was appointed, to the report's delivery —A guide to individuals involved, including in the Special Counsel’s Office, the Department of Justice, the FBI, the Trump Campaign, the White House, the Trump legal defense team, and the Russians —Key documents in the Special Counsel’s investigation, including filings pertaining to General Michael T. Flynn, Paul Manafort, Michael Cohen, Roger Stone, and the Russian internet operation in St. Petersburg. Each document is introduced and explained by Washington Post reporters. One of the most urgent and important investigations ever conducted, the Mueller inquiry focuses on Donald Trump, his presidential campaign, and Russian interference in the 2016 election, and draws on the testimony of dozens of witnesses and the work of some of the country’s most seasoned prosecutors. The special counsel’s investigation looms as a turning point in American history. The Mueller Report is essential reading for all citizens concerned about the fate of the presidency and the future of our democracy.
Publisher: Scribner
ISBN: 1982129735
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 752
Book Description
ONE OF TIME’S 100 BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR The Crucial #1 New York Times Bestseller “The Mueller report is that rare Washington tell-all that surpasses its pre-publication hype…the best book by far on the workings of the Trump presidency.” —Carlos Lozada, The Washington Post The only book with exclusive analysis by the Pulitzer Prize–winning staff of The Washington Post, and the most complete and authoritative available. Read the findings of the Special Counsel’s investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 election, complete with accompanying analysis by the Post reporters who’ve covered the story from the beginning. This edition from The Washington Post/Scribner contains: —The long-awaited Report On The Investigation Into Russian Interference In The 2016 Presidential Election —An introduction by The Washington Post titled “A President, a Prosecutor, and the Protection of American Democracy” —A timeline of the major events of the Special Counsel’s investigation from May 2017, when Robert Mueller was appointed, to the report's delivery —A guide to individuals involved, including in the Special Counsel’s Office, the Department of Justice, the FBI, the Trump Campaign, the White House, the Trump legal defense team, and the Russians —Key documents in the Special Counsel’s investigation, including filings pertaining to General Michael T. Flynn, Paul Manafort, Michael Cohen, Roger Stone, and the Russian internet operation in St. Petersburg. Each document is introduced and explained by Washington Post reporters. One of the most urgent and important investigations ever conducted, the Mueller inquiry focuses on Donald Trump, his presidential campaign, and Russian interference in the 2016 election, and draws on the testimony of dozens of witnesses and the work of some of the country’s most seasoned prosecutors. The special counsel’s investigation looms as a turning point in American history. The Mueller Report is essential reading for all citizens concerned about the fate of the presidency and the future of our democracy.
The Mueller Report
Author: Department Of Justice
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781797848273
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
The ongoing Special Counsel investigation (also referred to as the Mueller Probe or Mueller Investigation) is a United States law enforcement and counterintelligence investigation of the Russian government's efforts to interfere in the 2016 presidential election. This investigation includes any possible links or coordination between Donald Trump's presidential campaign and the Russian government, "and any matters that arose or may arise directly from the investigation." The scope of the investigation reportedly includes potential obstruction of justice by Trump and others. The investigation, since it began on May 17, 2017, has been conducted by the United States Department of Justice Special Counsel's Office, headed by Robert Mueller, a Republican and former Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). This book chronicles the legal actions Mueller has taken against Trump's associates in the 2016 Presidential Elections.
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781797848273
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
The ongoing Special Counsel investigation (also referred to as the Mueller Probe or Mueller Investigation) is a United States law enforcement and counterintelligence investigation of the Russian government's efforts to interfere in the 2016 presidential election. This investigation includes any possible links or coordination between Donald Trump's presidential campaign and the Russian government, "and any matters that arose or may arise directly from the investigation." The scope of the investigation reportedly includes potential obstruction of justice by Trump and others. The investigation, since it began on May 17, 2017, has been conducted by the United States Department of Justice Special Counsel's Office, headed by Robert Mueller, a Republican and former Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). This book chronicles the legal actions Mueller has taken against Trump's associates in the 2016 Presidential Elections.
Where Law Ends
Author: Andrew Weissmann
Publisher:
ISBN: 0593138570
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
"In the first and only inside account of the Mueller investigation, one of the special counsel's most trusted prosecutors breaks his silence on the team's history-making search for the truth, their painstaking deliberations and costly mistakes, and Trump's unprecedented efforts to stifle their report." -- Amazon.com.
Publisher:
ISBN: 0593138570
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
"In the first and only inside account of the Mueller investigation, one of the special counsel's most trusted prosecutors breaks his silence on the team's history-making search for the truth, their painstaking deliberations and costly mistakes, and Trump's unprecedented efforts to stifle their report." -- Amazon.com.
The Myth of Russian Collusion
Author: Roger Stone
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1510749373
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 521
Book Description
For the first time in paperback, New York Times best-selling author Roger Stone’s insider tell-all about the presidential campaign that shocked the world. This consummate political strategist continues to be front page news and has updated the book to respond to Robert Mueller’s charges. Two years ago, Roger Stone, a New York Times bestselling author, longtime political adviser and friend to Donald Trump, and consummate Republican strategist, gave us Making of the President 2016—the first in-depth examination of how Trump’s campaign delivered the biggest presidential election upset in history. But since then, the Deep State political establishment has worked tirelessly to undo those results. The Myth of Russian Collusion adds to and updates Stone’s initial work to set the record straight. Trump’s election win was a resounding repudiation of the failed leadership of both parties. The American people wanted something new, and President Trump has delivered: his tax cuts and regulatory rollbacks have given us the strongest economy in American history, he is relentless in his efforts to protect American citizens, and he refuses to do business as usual. But America’s ruling elite and liberal media, feeling threatened, have conspired to create the biggest witch hunt in our country’s history. The phony narrative that Trump was in cahoots with Vladimir Putin, Mueller’s charges that Roger Stone knew about the Wikileaks emails before release—all is debunked here. With a new introduction that responds to the Mueller investigation, The Myth of Russian Collusion is the true story of the Trump campaign that the establishment doesn’t want you to believe.
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1510749373
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 521
Book Description
For the first time in paperback, New York Times best-selling author Roger Stone’s insider tell-all about the presidential campaign that shocked the world. This consummate political strategist continues to be front page news and has updated the book to respond to Robert Mueller’s charges. Two years ago, Roger Stone, a New York Times bestselling author, longtime political adviser and friend to Donald Trump, and consummate Republican strategist, gave us Making of the President 2016—the first in-depth examination of how Trump’s campaign delivered the biggest presidential election upset in history. But since then, the Deep State political establishment has worked tirelessly to undo those results. The Myth of Russian Collusion adds to and updates Stone’s initial work to set the record straight. Trump’s election win was a resounding repudiation of the failed leadership of both parties. The American people wanted something new, and President Trump has delivered: his tax cuts and regulatory rollbacks have given us the strongest economy in American history, he is relentless in his efforts to protect American citizens, and he refuses to do business as usual. But America’s ruling elite and liberal media, feeling threatened, have conspired to create the biggest witch hunt in our country’s history. The phony narrative that Trump was in cahoots with Vladimir Putin, Mueller’s charges that Roger Stone knew about the Wikileaks emails before release—all is debunked here. With a new introduction that responds to the Mueller investigation, The Myth of Russian Collusion is the true story of the Trump campaign that the establishment doesn’t want you to believe.
Dark Towers
Author: David Enrich
Publisher: HarperCollins
ISBN: 0062878824
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 477
Book Description
#1 WALL STREET JOURNAL BESTSELLER * NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER New York Times finance editor David Enrich's explosive exposé of the most scandalous bank in the world, revealing its shadowy ties to Donald Trump, Putin's Russia, and Nazi Germany “A jaw-dropping financial thriller” —Philadelphia Inquirer On a rainy Sunday in 2014, a senior executive at Deutsche Bank was found hanging in his London apartment. Bill Broeksmit had helped build the 150-year-old financial institution into a global colossus, and his sudden death was a mystery, made more so by the bank’s efforts to deter investigation. Broeksmit, it turned out, was a man who knew too much. In Dark Towers, award-winning journalist David Enrich reveals the truth about Deutsche Bank and its epic path of devastation. Tracing the bank’s history back to its propping up of a default-prone American developer in the 1880s, helping the Nazis build Auschwitz, and wooing Eastern Bloc authoritarians, he shows how in the 1990s, via a succession of hard-charging executives, Deutsche made a fateful decision to pursue Wall Street riches, often at the expense of ethics and the law. Soon, the bank was manipulating markets, violating international sanctions to aid terrorist regimes, scamming investors, defrauding regulators, and laundering money for Russian oligarchs. Ever desperate for an American foothold, Deutsche also started doing business with a self-promoting real estate magnate nearly every other bank in the world deemed too dangerous to touch: Donald Trump. Over the next twenty years, Deutsche executives loaned billions to Trump, the Kushner family, and an array of scandal-tarred clients, including convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. Dark Towers is the never-before-told saga of how Deutsche Bank became the global face of financial recklessness and criminality—the corporate equivalent of a weapon of mass destruction. It is also the story of a man who was consumed by fear of what he’d seen at the bank—and his son’s obsessive search for the secrets he kept.
Publisher: HarperCollins
ISBN: 0062878824
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 477
Book Description
#1 WALL STREET JOURNAL BESTSELLER * NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER New York Times finance editor David Enrich's explosive exposé of the most scandalous bank in the world, revealing its shadowy ties to Donald Trump, Putin's Russia, and Nazi Germany “A jaw-dropping financial thriller” —Philadelphia Inquirer On a rainy Sunday in 2014, a senior executive at Deutsche Bank was found hanging in his London apartment. Bill Broeksmit had helped build the 150-year-old financial institution into a global colossus, and his sudden death was a mystery, made more so by the bank’s efforts to deter investigation. Broeksmit, it turned out, was a man who knew too much. In Dark Towers, award-winning journalist David Enrich reveals the truth about Deutsche Bank and its epic path of devastation. Tracing the bank’s history back to its propping up of a default-prone American developer in the 1880s, helping the Nazis build Auschwitz, and wooing Eastern Bloc authoritarians, he shows how in the 1990s, via a succession of hard-charging executives, Deutsche made a fateful decision to pursue Wall Street riches, often at the expense of ethics and the law. Soon, the bank was manipulating markets, violating international sanctions to aid terrorist regimes, scamming investors, defrauding regulators, and laundering money for Russian oligarchs. Ever desperate for an American foothold, Deutsche also started doing business with a self-promoting real estate magnate nearly every other bank in the world deemed too dangerous to touch: Donald Trump. Over the next twenty years, Deutsche executives loaned billions to Trump, the Kushner family, and an array of scandal-tarred clients, including convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. Dark Towers is the never-before-told saga of how Deutsche Bank became the global face of financial recklessness and criminality—the corporate equivalent of a weapon of mass destruction. It is also the story of a man who was consumed by fear of what he’d seen at the bank—and his son’s obsessive search for the secrets he kept.
Witch Hunt
Author: Gregg Jarrett
Publisher: HarperCollins
ISBN: 0062960105
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 564
Book Description
The author of the #1 New York Times bestseller The Russia Hoax picks up where that book ended with this hard-hitting, well-reasoned examination of the latest findings about “collusion” between the Trump Administration and the Russians, offering further proof that Special Counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation is nothing more than a politically motivated witch hunt. How did a small group of powerful intelligence officials convince tens of millions of Americans that the president is a traitor, without a shred of evidence? Now that every detail and argument set forth in The Russia Hoax has been borne out by the Mueller report, Jarrett returns with Witch Hunt, providing a hard-hitting, well-reasoned evisceration of what may be the dirtiest trick in political history. No marks have ever been as gullible as distraught Democrats in 2016. Washington insiders broke rule after rule investigating the president, chasing a conspiracy that turned out not to exist. Somehow this was spun into Donald Trump having something to hide. People associated with the president were pushed into plea deals that had nothing to do with Russian “collusion” or discouraged from serving by the threat of huge legal bills. Somehow this was spun into Trump’s lawyers being bullies. The president complained that the investigation was a waste of time, but he allowed it to continue unimpeded to the end. Somehow this was spun into obstruction of justice. In Witch Hunt, Gregg Jarrett uncovers the bureaucratic malfeasance and malicious politicization of our country’s justice system. The law was weaponized for partisan purposes. Even though it was Hillary Clinton’s campaign that collected and disseminated a trove of lies about Trump from a former British spy and Russian operatives, Democrats and the media spun this into a claim that Trump was working for the Russians. Senior officials at the FBI, blinded by their political bias and hatred of Trump, went after the wrong person. At the DOJ, the deputy attorney general discussed secretly recording the president and recruiting members of the cabinet to depose Trump. Those behind the Witch Hunt have either been fired or resigned. Many of them are now under investigation for abuse of power. But what about the pundits who concocted wild narratives in real time on television, or the newspapers which covered the fact that rumors were being investigated without investigating the facts themselves? Factual, highly persuasive, and damning, this must-read expose makes clear that not only was there no “collusion,” but there was not even a basis for Mueller’s investigation of the charge that has attacked Trump and his administration for more than two years. It’s always been a Witch Hunt.
Publisher: HarperCollins
ISBN: 0062960105
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 564
Book Description
The author of the #1 New York Times bestseller The Russia Hoax picks up where that book ended with this hard-hitting, well-reasoned examination of the latest findings about “collusion” between the Trump Administration and the Russians, offering further proof that Special Counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation is nothing more than a politically motivated witch hunt. How did a small group of powerful intelligence officials convince tens of millions of Americans that the president is a traitor, without a shred of evidence? Now that every detail and argument set forth in The Russia Hoax has been borne out by the Mueller report, Jarrett returns with Witch Hunt, providing a hard-hitting, well-reasoned evisceration of what may be the dirtiest trick in political history. No marks have ever been as gullible as distraught Democrats in 2016. Washington insiders broke rule after rule investigating the president, chasing a conspiracy that turned out not to exist. Somehow this was spun into Donald Trump having something to hide. People associated with the president were pushed into plea deals that had nothing to do with Russian “collusion” or discouraged from serving by the threat of huge legal bills. Somehow this was spun into Trump’s lawyers being bullies. The president complained that the investigation was a waste of time, but he allowed it to continue unimpeded to the end. Somehow this was spun into obstruction of justice. In Witch Hunt, Gregg Jarrett uncovers the bureaucratic malfeasance and malicious politicization of our country’s justice system. The law was weaponized for partisan purposes. Even though it was Hillary Clinton’s campaign that collected and disseminated a trove of lies about Trump from a former British spy and Russian operatives, Democrats and the media spun this into a claim that Trump was working for the Russians. Senior officials at the FBI, blinded by their political bias and hatred of Trump, went after the wrong person. At the DOJ, the deputy attorney general discussed secretly recording the president and recruiting members of the cabinet to depose Trump. Those behind the Witch Hunt have either been fired or resigned. Many of them are now under investigation for abuse of power. But what about the pundits who concocted wild narratives in real time on television, or the newspapers which covered the fact that rumors were being investigated without investigating the facts themselves? Factual, highly persuasive, and damning, this must-read expose makes clear that not only was there no “collusion,” but there was not even a basis for Mueller’s investigation of the charge that has attacked Trump and his administration for more than two years. It’s always been a Witch Hunt.
The Mueller Report: Graphic Novel
Author: Shannon Wheeler
Publisher: National Geographic Books
ISBN: 1684056683
Category : Comics & Graphic Novels
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
It's the greatest WHODUNIT of our time... or a new low for "Presidential Harassment!" Shannon Wheeler, Eisner Award-winning New Yorker cartoonist (Too Much Coffee Man, Sh*t My President Says, God is Disappointed in You), and veteran journalist Steve Duin (The Oregonian, Comics: Between the Panels, Oil and Water) turn their critical eye on the Mueller Report--a comprehensive, understandable, and readable graphic novel version of the book every patriot needs. Fight the spin spewing forth from both parties and political pulpits and check out this graphic novel that brings a 400-page legal document down to size. Wheeler and Duin, in graphic form, bring to life scenes detailed in the report: from the infamous Trump Tower Meeting of 2016 to Trump exclaiming "I'm f*cked" upon finding out he was the subject of investigation. It's in the report and it's in the graphic novel! The Mueller Report: Graphic Novel borrows style from classic private detective yarns, complete with a villainous rogues' gallery, nail-biting cliffhangers, and a lone lawman standing proud against the wave of crime. See Trump berate his Attorney General. Watch a petulant Commander-in-Chief lob insults at the White House counsel. Witness the "witch hunt" as it happened, cataloged as only the top lawman in the country could! This staggering laundry list of questionable contacts, misleading statements, unreported engagements, and possible coordination--enough to stun any student of the U.S. Constitution--is laid bare with a cold, satirical edge. You'll laugh. You'll cry. You may Tweet in anger. But most importantly, you will be reading the report for yourself!
Publisher: National Geographic Books
ISBN: 1684056683
Category : Comics & Graphic Novels
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
It's the greatest WHODUNIT of our time... or a new low for "Presidential Harassment!" Shannon Wheeler, Eisner Award-winning New Yorker cartoonist (Too Much Coffee Man, Sh*t My President Says, God is Disappointed in You), and veteran journalist Steve Duin (The Oregonian, Comics: Between the Panels, Oil and Water) turn their critical eye on the Mueller Report--a comprehensive, understandable, and readable graphic novel version of the book every patriot needs. Fight the spin spewing forth from both parties and political pulpits and check out this graphic novel that brings a 400-page legal document down to size. Wheeler and Duin, in graphic form, bring to life scenes detailed in the report: from the infamous Trump Tower Meeting of 2016 to Trump exclaiming "I'm f*cked" upon finding out he was the subject of investigation. It's in the report and it's in the graphic novel! The Mueller Report: Graphic Novel borrows style from classic private detective yarns, complete with a villainous rogues' gallery, nail-biting cliffhangers, and a lone lawman standing proud against the wave of crime. See Trump berate his Attorney General. Watch a petulant Commander-in-Chief lob insults at the White House counsel. Witness the "witch hunt" as it happened, cataloged as only the top lawman in the country could! This staggering laundry list of questionable contacts, misleading statements, unreported engagements, and possible coordination--enough to stun any student of the U.S. Constitution--is laid bare with a cold, satirical edge. You'll laugh. You'll cry. You may Tweet in anger. But most importantly, you will be reading the report for yourself!
Summary of the Mueller Report, for Those Too Busy to Read it All
Author: Thomas E Patterson
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781075187940
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 130
Book Description
An abridged version of the Mueller Report intended for those who don't have the time to read the nearly 500-page full report. This version, which is a fourth of the length, focuses on the question of whether President Donald Trump obstructed justice in his efforts to impede and discredit the Special Counsel's investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 presidential election and whether the Trump Campaign colluded with the Russians to tip the election in Trump's favor. The abridgment uses the exact words of the Mueller Report to tell the investigative story of Michael Flynn's connections to the Russians, Trump's firing of FBI director James Comey, Trump's attempt to get Attorney General Jeff Sessions to unrecuse himself and then firing him when he refused, Trump's effort to fire the Special Counsel and to get White House Counsel Don McGahn to publicly deny that such an effort was made, Trump's attempt to prevent disclosure of the emails relating to the June 2016 Trump Tower meeting between Russians and senior officials of the Trump campaign, Michael Cohen's exchanges during the 2016 campaign with Russians about building a Trump Tower in Moscow and Trump's repeated statement during the campaign that he had no business dealings with the Russians, Trump's response to Paul Manafort's indictment and conviction, and more. The abridged version includes an introduction by Thomas E. Patterson, who is the Bradlee Professor of Government & the Press at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government. The introduction explains why it is important for Americans to read the Mueller Report and describes the rules that guided the abridgment of the full Mueller Report. The introduction does not offer a conclusion on the obstruction-of-justice issue but instead places that judgment in the hands of the reader.
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781075187940
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 130
Book Description
An abridged version of the Mueller Report intended for those who don't have the time to read the nearly 500-page full report. This version, which is a fourth of the length, focuses on the question of whether President Donald Trump obstructed justice in his efforts to impede and discredit the Special Counsel's investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 presidential election and whether the Trump Campaign colluded with the Russians to tip the election in Trump's favor. The abridgment uses the exact words of the Mueller Report to tell the investigative story of Michael Flynn's connections to the Russians, Trump's firing of FBI director James Comey, Trump's attempt to get Attorney General Jeff Sessions to unrecuse himself and then firing him when he refused, Trump's effort to fire the Special Counsel and to get White House Counsel Don McGahn to publicly deny that such an effort was made, Trump's attempt to prevent disclosure of the emails relating to the June 2016 Trump Tower meeting between Russians and senior officials of the Trump campaign, Michael Cohen's exchanges during the 2016 campaign with Russians about building a Trump Tower in Moscow and Trump's repeated statement during the campaign that he had no business dealings with the Russians, Trump's response to Paul Manafort's indictment and conviction, and more. The abridged version includes an introduction by Thomas E. Patterson, who is the Bradlee Professor of Government & the Press at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government. The introduction explains why it is important for Americans to read the Mueller Report and describes the rules that guided the abridgment of the full Mueller Report. The introduction does not offer a conclusion on the obstruction-of-justice issue but instead places that judgment in the hands of the reader.