The Establishment of Varieties in Coleus by the Selection of Somatic Variations PDF Download
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Author: Arlow Burdette Stout
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
Author: Arlow Burdette Stout
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
Author: A. B. Stout
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781331955078
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Excerpt from The Establishment of Varieties in Coleus by the Selection of Somatic Variations Judgment as to the genetic constitution of a plant is based on the expression of characters in a plant itself, in members of a selfed progeny and in a hybrid progeny. It is largely through the study of the last named that there has developed the conception that characters are represented in cells by unit factors. In considering the evidence as to whether these assumed factors are in any sense units, it is highly essential that the individual be studied as to the variability of characters and the range of expressions exhibited in homologous parts. For this purpose so-called bud variations are especially significant, since they represent, perhaps, the extreme of spontaneous somatic variability and suggest that quite as marked variations as exist in hybrid progeny may develop in the parts of a single individual. In an excellent summary of all cases of bud variation known to him, Darwin (1868) shows that the phenomenon is widely distributed in the plant kingdom and that it may affect various parts of a plant. He drew the highly interesting conclusions that they include: (1) reversions to characters not acquired by crossing, (2) reversions in hybrids to parental characters, and (3) cases of spontaneous variability. The latter he considered as of the same sort as appear in seed progeny. According to Darwin's views, "long-continued and high cultivation" are conditions that induce bud variations, but he recognized that certain cases, especially those when only single buds or parts of buds are changed, do not seem to be due to external conditions. Darwin considered in general that bud variations are evidences of the almost unlimited variability that plants manifest, due to the nature of living structures and the exciting causes of environment. Darwin did not believe in fixed hereditary units. He held that characters may respond directly to the effects of environment, and also exhibit spontaneous variability both in seed and in vegetative propagation. Furthermore, sexual hybridization was considered to be of influence in modifying and changing inherited characteristics. De Vries (1901, vol. i, p. 39) considers that bud variations are spontaneous changes most common in varieties with incompletely fixed characters. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: A. B. Stout
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Marion E. Potter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : American literature
Languages : en
Pages : 1202
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Monographic series
Languages : en
Pages : 1814
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Vols. for 1980- issued in three parts: Series, Authors, and Titles.
Author: R.R. Bowker Company
Publisher: New York : R.R. Bowker
ISBN: 9780835214438
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 878
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Author: S.M. Jain
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401591253
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 615
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Book Description
Genetic variability is an important parameter for plant breeders in any con ventional crop improvement programme. Very often the desired variation is un available in the right combination, or simply does not exist at all. However, plant breeders have successfully recombined the desired genes from cultivated crop gerrnplasm and related wild species by sexual hybridization, and have been able to develop new cultivars with desirable agronomie traits, such as high yield, disease, pest, and drought resistance. So far, conventional breeding methods have managed to feed the world's ever-growing population. Continued population growth, no further scope of expanding arable land, soil degradation, environ mental pollution and global warrning are causes of concern to plant biologists and planners. Plant breeders are under continuous pressure to improve and develop new cultivars for sustainable food production. However, it takes several years to develop a new cultivar. Therefore, they have to look for new technologies, which could be combined with conventional methods to create more genetic variability, and reduce the time in developing new cultivars, with early-maturity, and improved yield. The first report on induced mutation of a gene by HJ. Muller in 1927 was a major mi1estone in enhancing variation, and also indicated the potential applica tions of mutagenesis in plant improvement. Radiation sources, such as X-rays, gamma rays and fast neutrons, and chemical mutagens (e. g. , ethyl methane sulphonate) have been widely used to induce mutations.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : American literature
Languages : en
Pages : 1644
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Author: N.B. Tomlekova
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9086867960
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 394
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Book Description
In the present era various international organizations, such as FAO, UNO, IAEA, FNCA, etc., have unanimously agreed that millions of people in both developing and developed countries are not only facing a shortage of food, but also non-availability of nutrients. The main reason put forward by these agencies is that there is less genetic diversity prevalent in the major crops, which has been further diminished since the inception of conventional plant breeding. Since the first decade of the last century the mutation breeding approach has been pivotal in enhancing the genetic diversity of crops, thereby enriching the genetic pool. ‘Mutagenesis: exploring genetic diversity of crops’ describes the latest achievements in mutation breeding, with a particular focus on the development of novel mutant varieties and F1 hybrids of crops highly superior to the parental ones. The book details experimental as well as literary studies of induced mutagenesis and its role in developing the new potent varieties. The book will be useful for agricultural policy making authorities in countries of agricultural importance, scientific researchers, breeders, teachers and students keen to use mutation breeding and to explore its hidden potential to secure food and nutrient availability for the growing world population.
Author: A. Vainstein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401709564
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
In this book we bring together the most up-to-date information on developments, both basic and applied, that already have or are expected to impact the field of ornamental breeding. These include classical and molecular techniques, traditional and high-throughput approaches and future trends. Since not only professional scientists, but also thousands of future scientists/students as well as amateur breeders around the world contribute heavily to the field of ornamental breeding, an introductory section dealing with the basics of molecular and classical genetics and the evolution of floral diversity is included. This should enable the reader to bridge the gap between traditional and molecular genetics. Classical approaches to the creation/selection of genetic variability, including mutation and tissue culture-aided breeding, are presented. Processes affecting ornamental and agronomic traits at the molecular level are delineated, along with an in-depth analysis of developments in the protection of intellectual property rights. The thoughts and strategies of molecular and classical geneticists, which are not always complementary or even compatible, are presented side by side in this book, and will serve to spark the imaginations of breeders as well as students entering the exciting world of state-of-the-art ornamentals.
