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Author: I.R. Phillips
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642664962
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 47
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Book Description
The primates represent a diverse group with the phylogenetic relationships of the var ious species reflected in their early embryonic development. The members of the Tupaiidae, Lemuridae and Lorisidae show great similarities to the lower mammals and even birds. The Tarsiidae represent an intermediate step and the Platyrrhini and Catarrhini exhibit the greatest similarities to man. During the period of embryogenesis, the dimensions of an embryo are insufficient guide to its age and much more reliable information can be derived from a study of its external form and internal structure. Examination of embryological specimens from a variety of simian species dates back to the early 1900's but much of this material was collected in a haphazard way from animals shot in the wild. Heuser and Streeter (1941) depicted a series of embryos of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) and correlated their gestational age with external form and size. Streeter (1951) arranged human em bryos, between 24. ± 1 and 47. ± 1 days of post-ovulation age, into age groups or devel opmental horizons based on their external form and internal structure. Each horizon was two days apart and numbered XI to XXIII. The transition from embryo to fetus occurred at the end of horizon XXIII and was arbitrarily dermed as the point where bone marrow invaded the cartilaginous precursor in the humerus. The earlier stages I-X have been dermed subsequently, (Heuser and Corner, 1957; O'Rahilly, 1973).
Author: I.R. Phillips
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642664962
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 47
Get Book Here
Book Description
The primates represent a diverse group with the phylogenetic relationships of the var ious species reflected in their early embryonic development. The members of the Tupaiidae, Lemuridae and Lorisidae show great similarities to the lower mammals and even birds. The Tarsiidae represent an intermediate step and the Platyrrhini and Catarrhini exhibit the greatest similarities to man. During the period of embryogenesis, the dimensions of an embryo are insufficient guide to its age and much more reliable information can be derived from a study of its external form and internal structure. Examination of embryological specimens from a variety of simian species dates back to the early 1900's but much of this material was collected in a haphazard way from animals shot in the wild. Heuser and Streeter (1941) depicted a series of embryos of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) and correlated their gestational age with external form and size. Streeter (1951) arranged human em bryos, between 24. ± 1 and 47. ± 1 days of post-ovulation age, into age groups or devel opmental horizons based on their external form and internal structure. Each horizon was two days apart and numbered XI to XXIII. The transition from embryo to fetus occurred at the end of horizon XXIII and was arbitrarily dermed as the point where bone marrow invaded the cartilaginous precursor in the humerus. The earlier stages I-X have been dermed subsequently, (Heuser and Corner, 1957; O'Rahilly, 1973).
Author: J.P. Hearn
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400973225
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
The New World primates are becoming widely used in scientific and medical work in fields from anthropology to zoology, behaviour to urology. They have unique attributes for studies in cancer, infectious diseases, genetics, virology and reproduction. However, it is only now that their reproductive physiology is being clarified in any depth and this book is a first synthesis of that knowledge. The nine authors involved in this project have presented an up to date account of the major New World species used in biological and medical science. In addition to their distribution and conservation in the wild, essential biological data from laboratory studies are presented on reproductive cycles, gestation length, seasonal breeding, puberty and other factors. The major applications of these species in research are explored. Whenever possible, research workers should steer away from using endangered species in their studies. The New World monkeys used in research in any numbers are still fairly common ~n the wild, yet their greatest advantages are ~n their smalle size and high fecundity. This makes possible the establishment of self sustaining captive breeding colonies at a fraction of the time and cost necessary for the more conventional Old World laboratory primates. Consequently the drain on wild stocks need not be extensive as only breeding nuclei should be necessary.
Author: Robert P. Marini
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012811830X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 572
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Book Description
The Common Marmoset in Captivity and Biomedical Research is the first text dedicated exclusively to this species,filling an urgent need for an encyclopedic compilation of the existing information. Sponsored by the AmericanCollege of Laboratory Animal Medicine as part of its authoritative Blue Book series, the book covers the biology,management, diseases, and clinical and research applications of this important species. The common marmoset(Callithrix jacchus) has come of age in the scientific community as a behaviorally complex, cognitively advanced,small, prolific, and easily maintained nonhuman primate with many of the advantages of larger animals, such asmacaques, but without the attendant physical and zoonotic risks. Marmosets are currently being used in diverse areas of inquiry, including vision and auditory research, infectious disease, cognitive neuroscience, behavior, reproductive biology, toxicology and drug development, and aging. Themarmoset genome has been sequenced and there is currently an intensive effort to apply gene editing technologies to the species. The creation of transgenic marmosets will provide researchers with a small nonhuman primatemodel to study a number of poorly understood disorders, like autism. - Presents a complete view of the marmoset, covering their biology and management, diseases and clinical applications, and research applications - Includes contributions from renowned and international authors and editors - Provides the first authoritative and comprehensive treatment of marmosets in biomedical research as part of the ACLAM Series
Author: Joerg Bluemel
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012417146X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 716
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Book Description
The Nonhuman Primate in Drug Development and Safety Assessment is a valuable reference dedicated to compiling the latest research on nonhuman primate models in nonclinical safety assessment, regulatory toxicity testing and translational science. By covering important topics such as study planning and conduct, inter-species genetic drift, pathophysiology, animal welfare legislation, safety assessment of biologics and small molecules, immunotoxicology and much more, this book provides scientific and technical insights to help you safely and successfully use nonhuman primates in pharmaceutical toxicity testing. A comprehensive yet practical guide, this book is intended for new researchers or practicing toxicologists, toxicologic pathologists and pharmaceutical scientists working with nonhuman primates, as well as graduate students preparing for careers in this area. - Covers important topics such as species selection, study design, experimental methodologies, animal welfare and the 3Rs (Replace, Refine and Reduce), social housing, regulatory guidelines, comparative physiology, reproductive biology, genetic polymorphisms and more - Includes practical examples on techniques and methods to guide your daily practice - Offers a companion website with high-quality color illustrations, reference values for safety assessment and additional practical information such as study design considerations, techniques and procedures and dosing and sampling volumes
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309676711
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
Because of the recent advances in embryo modeling techniques, and at the request of the Office of Science Policy in the Office of the Director at the National Institutes of Health, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, hosted a 1-day public workshop that would explore the state of the science of mammalian embryo model systems. The workshop, which took place on January 17, 2020, featured a combination of presentations, panels, and general discussions, during which panelists and participants offered a broad range of perspectives. Participants considered whether embryo model systems - especially those that use nonhuman primate cells - can be used to predict the function of systems made with human cells. Presentations provided an overview of the current state of the science of in vitro development of human trophoblast. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
Author: I. R. Phillips
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783642664977
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author: Jason R. Herrick
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493995653
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 397
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Book Description
This detailed volume contains embryo culture techniques that should inspire embryologists to consider comparative studies. The species included in this volume represent a broad range of taxa, whose embryos have vastly different culture requirements and developmental characteristics. Among the species described in this volume, significant differences exist in the rates of cell division, the timing of the maternal to embryonic transition, the relative lipid content of the cytoplasm, the sensitivity of the embryo to specific environmental ions, the preferred nutrients and associated metabolic pathways used by the embryo, the timing and mechanisms of early lineage specification, the presence or absence of embryonic diapause, and the time from fertilization to implantation. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introduction to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Comparative Embryo Culture: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal aid for scientists seeking another species whose embryos have evolved a unique mechanism that could provide a valuable, comparative context for experimentation.
Author: Alan F. Dixson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108699499
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 405
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Book Description
There are more than 6000 species belonging to twenty-seven orders in the Class Mammalia. Comparative studies of this diverse and magnificent array of extant species provide valuable opportunities to formulate and test hypotheses concerning the evolution of reproduction. This is the first book to explore, in depth and breadth, the complex interrelationships that exist between patterns of mating behaviour and the evolution of mammalian reproductive anatomy and physiology. It focuses upon the role that copulatory and post-copulatory sexual selection have played during the evolution of the monotremes, marsupials and placental mammals, and examines the effects of sperm competition and cryptic female choice upon coevolution of the genitalia in the two sexes. In addition, due weight is also given to discussions of the modes of life of mammals, and to the roles played by natural selection and phylogeny in determining their reproductive traits.
Author: Gary D. Smith
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781617799709
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Assisted reproductive technologies have had a profound impact on biomedical research through transgenic animals, food supply and production, as wells as genetic gain of domestic species, and treatment of human infertility. While significant advances in embryo culture have occurred over the last few decades. In Embryo Culture: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used to study human embryo culture. These include emerging methods and the impact of embryo culture on epigenetics and offspring health is presented to set the stage for future research and laboratory application involving embryo culture. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Embryo Culture: Methods and Protocols seeks to aid scientists in the further study of this crucially important field of embryology and assisted reproductive technologies.
Author: Barry Bogin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521564380
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
A revised edition of an established text on human growth and development from an anthropological and evolutionary perspective.
