The Effects of Land Use on Nutrient Export from a Lowland Tropical Wet Forest in Costa Rica PDF Download
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Author: Mary J. Jawlik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Author: Mary J. Jawlik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Author: Silvia Alvarez-Clare
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Nutrient limitation by nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) is pervasive in most ecosystems on Earth. Thus, increases of available nutrients due to agricultural practices and pollution may alter key ecosystem processes, such as net primary productivity (NPP), and carbon sequestration in soils. However, our understanding of how nutrients influence C dynamics in tropical forests remains far from complete. During my dissertation work, I conducted two studies (one observational and one experimental) to explore how environmental and biological processes influence nutrient limitation in lowland tropical forests. In my first study, I explored patterns of soil and foliar nutrients (specifically N and P) across nine, relatively wet, mature lowland forests in Costa Rica. My objective was to investigate the relationship between rainfall and plant or soil nutrients to better understand the potential long-term effects that alterations in MAP could have on the nutrient dynamics of wet forest plant communities. Across the gradient, soil N was relatively more abundant than P but was also more sensitive to changes in MAP.
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821347645
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Costa Rica was once one of the most deforested countries in the world. Today it is a pioneer in reforestation, forest management, and forest protection policies. The report describes the evolution of these policies since the 1950s, focusing on internal and external influences, particularly those of the World Bank. This case study is one of six evaluations of the implementation of the World Bank's 1991 Forest Strategy
Author: Kelly Bringhurst
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The effect of land-use on nutrient cycles of tropical streams on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica: a paired catchment approach to investigate current conditions and projected changes. Kelly N. Bringhurst Abstract This study is concerned with potential environmental degradation of soils, rivers and coastal regions of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica due to deforestation. A paired, small-catchment approach to the study of environmental pressures on nutrient transfer and aquatic enrichment was used with one catchment that had been cleared for pasture (CN9) and the second primarily undisturbed tropical wet forest (CS 1). Nutrients and related parameters in soils and transferred in normal hydrological discharge were investigated. Soils in the study area are oxisols with concentrations of organic matter, total and plant available P higher in the forested catchment. Indirect measures of suspended sediment by turbidity showed an increase in the deforested catchment stream. Water input via rainfall for the year June 2008-June 2009 was approximately 5000 mm. Stream discharge was approximately 3300 mm year" for each catchment as measured by continuous recorders and evapotranspiration was, on average, 1500 mm year". These data suggested a good resolution of the water balance from independent measurements. The effect of deforestation on stream discharge was a 59% increase in flow during the wet season and an increase in the Q5:Q95 ratio showing that the deforested stream was flashier. Loss of forest canopy and decreased organic matter in the soil resulted in a depletion of available N. The deforested catchment loss of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) increased 33% over the forested catchment. Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) showed a 47% increase in the deforested catchment compared with the forested catchment. The molar N:P ratios were lower than expected and both streams were well below the 0.06 mg L-1 level at which N- limitation has been reported. Effects of nutrient loading have been observed through increased algal growth on equipment surfaces in the deforested catchment stream and increased nutrient yields will likely lead to eutrophication of coastal waters. Key Words - eutrophication, phosphorus, nitrogen, suspended sediment, deforestation, tropical forest.
Author: Sam Gerrits
Publisher: Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Author: Maarten Kappelle
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022627893X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 798
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Book Description
In 1502, Christopher Columbus named Costa Rica, and while gold and silver never materialized to justify the moniker of rich coast in purely economic terms, scientists and ecotravelers alike have long appreciated its incredible wealth. Wealth in Costa Rica is best measured by its biodiversityhome to a dizzying number of plants and animals, many endemic, it s a country that has long encouraged and welcomed researchers from the world over, and is exemplary in the creation and commitment to indigenous conservation and management programs. Costa Rica is considered to have the best preserved natural resources in Latin America. Approximately nine percent (about 1,000,000 acres) of Costa Rica has been protected in 15 national parks, and a comparable amount of land is protected as wildlife refuges, forest reserves or Indian reservations. This long-awaited synthesis of Costa Rican ecosystems is an authoritative presentation of the paleoecology, biogeography, structure, conservation, and sustainable use of Costa Rica s ecosystems. It systematically covers the entire range of Costa Rica s natural and managed, terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems, including its island systems (Cocos Islands), the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and shores (coasts, coral reefs, mangrove forests), its lowlands (dry, season and wet forests), its highlands (the northern volcanoes and southern Talamanca s), and its estuaries, rivers, lakes, swamps and bogs. The volume s integrated, comprehensive format will be welcomed by tropical and temperate biologists alike, by biogeographers, plant and animal ecologists, marine biologists, conservation biologists, foresters, policy-makers and all scientists, natural history specialists and all with an interest in Costa Rica s ecosystems."
Author:
Publisher: Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Author: Sebastian Persch
Publisher: CIFOR
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Conversion of tropical forests to agriculture contributes significantly to global warming, causing an estimated 1218% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, estimates of ecosystem carbon fluxes are not accurate mainly because of the limited understanding of their belowground components. Root dynamics, i.e. root production, mortality and decomposition, are crucial elements of ecosystem functioning; an understanding of root dynamics is required to estimate the carbon cycle accurately.
Author: M. Bonell
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781139443845
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 970
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Book Description
Forests, Water and People in the Humid Tropics is a comprehensive review of the hydrological and physiological functioning of tropical rain forests, the environmental impacts of their disturbance and conversion to other land uses, and optimum strategies for managing them. The book brings together leading specialists in such diverse fields as tropical anthropology and human geography, environmental economics, climatology and meteorology, hydrology, geomorphology, plant and aquatic ecology, forestry and conservation agronomy. The editors have supplemented the individual contributions with invaluable overviews of the main sections and provide key pointers for future research. Specialists will find authenticated detail in chapters written by experts on a whole range of people-water-land use issues, managers and practitioners will learn more about the implications of ongoing and planned forest conversion, while scientists and students will appreciate a unique review of the literature.
Author:
Publisher: Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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