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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321504316
Category : Kinesiology
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of whole body vibration on knee extensor muscle power, limits of stability, and sit-to-stand performance in community-dwelling elder individuals. Participants were randomly assigned to do body weight exercise with either an individualized vibration frequency and amplitude, a fixed vibration frequency and amplitude, or no vibration.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321504316
Category : Kinesiology
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of whole body vibration on knee extensor muscle power, limits of stability, and sit-to-stand performance in community-dwelling elder individuals. Participants were randomly assigned to do body weight exercise with either an individualized vibration frequency and amplitude, a fixed vibration frequency and amplitude, or no vibration.
Author: Man Hin Lam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise for older people
Languages : en
Pages : 395
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Book Description
Study 4 (Chapter 5): This was an experimental study aimed at examining the transmission power and purity of vertical (synchronous) whole-body vibrations upon its propagation in the human body among older adults. Methods and results: Forty older adults were tested (33 women; mean age: 60.3℗ł5.7 years). Four vibration frequencies (25, 30, 35, 40 Hz), two amplitudes (0.6 and 0.9 mm), and six different postures were tested (total 48 conditions). Skin-mounted triaxial accelerometers were placed at the medial malleolus, tibial tuberosity, greater trochanter, third lumbar vertebra, and forehead. The transmissibility of vibration was computed as the ratio of the root-mean-square-acceleration at different body sites to that of the platform. Signal purity was expressed by the percentage of total transmitted power within ℗ł1 Hz of the nominal frequency delivered by the platform. It was found that signal transmissibility was dependent upon the interaction between frequency and posture and, to a lesser extent, the interaction between amplitude and posture. Increasing frequency and amplitude was associated with lower transmissibility. Significant resonance was noted at the medial malleolus. Among different postures, tip-toeing led to the lowest transmissibility. Single-leg standing had the highest WBV transmission to the hip, while erect standing had a significantly higher transmissibility to the head than other postures. The purity of the vibration signal was well conserved as the vibrations were transmitted from the feet to the upper body. To conclude, WBV transmissibility is highly influenced by signal frequency, amplitude and posture. These parameters should be carefully considered when prescribing WBV to older adults. Study 5 (Chapter 6): This was a randomized controlled trial that aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on enhancing the outcomes of a comprehensive exercise training program to improve physical function among institutionalized older adults. Methods and results: Seventy-three institutionalized older adults were randomly allocated to one of three training groups: group 1, a comprehensive strength and balance training program combined with WBV; group 2, a comprehensive strength and balance training program without WBV; and group 3, social and recreational activities consisting of upper limb exercises only. All participants completed 3 training sessions per week for 8 weeks. Measured outcomes included assessment of mobility, balance, lower limb strength, walking endurance, and self-reported balance confidence. Outcomes were measured pre- and post-intervention. Participants were also followed up for 1 year after the end of the training session to record the incidence of falls that required medical attention. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate the post-intervention change of measured variables, from baseline, between-groups. The intent-to-treat analysis identified a significant time ©-- group interaction for lower limb strength, evaluated using the time to complete 5 repetitions of sit-to-stand (p=0.048). Post-hoc analysis identified the interaction effect to be contributed by the improvement in lower limb strength for the exercise group without WBV, compared to a decline in strength in the control group (p=0.030). No significant time ©-- group interaction was identified for other outcomes (p9́Æ0.065). To conclude, adding WBV did not enhance the effect of a comprehensive exercise program on the physical function of institutionalized older adults. Although our exercise program was effective in improving lower limb strength, there were no therapeutic effects on balance and mobility. A longer program duration and more challenging balance activities may be needed to improve balance and mobility in these individuals. Study 6 (Chapter 7): This was a randomized controlled trial aimed at evaluating the feasibility, safety, and therapeutic effectiveness of WBV in improving lower limb strength, balance, and mobility among individuals with mild or moderate dementia. Methods and results: Fifty-four older adults (40 women; mean (SD) age: 79.8 (6.1) years) with mild or moderate dementia were recruited from two day-care centers. They were randomly allocated to either the WBV training group (intervention group) or usual care in the daycare center (control group). The intervention period lasted for nine weeks (18 sessions). All subjects were assessed pre- and post-intervention, and three months after the intervention ended. The primary outcome was functional mobility, measured using the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test. The following secondary outcomes were evaluated: balance, using the Berg Balance Scale; lower limb strength, using the time to complete 5 repetitions of sit-to-stand; quality of life, using the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's disease questionnaire; and balance confidence, using the Activities specific Balance Confidence scale. The feasibility and safety of the WBV intervention were evaluated in terms of attendance rate, the incidence of adverse events, and feedback provided by trainers. The attendance rate for the training was high (86.0%) with a very low incidence of adverse events: 2 of the 27 participants reported mild knee pain. WBV did not provide additional benefits compared to usual care for the primary outcome and for all secondary outcomes assessed. To conclude, WBV training is feasible and safe to use with people with mild or moderate dementia. However, nine weeks (18 sessions) of vertical WBV (30 Hz, 2 mm peak-to-peak amplitude) did not yield further improvement in physical function and quality of life than a usual activity program, provided at a daycare center, among community-dwelling older adults with dementia. Conclusion: The transmission of WBV through the human body is complex and will be highly influenced by the intensity of WBV and by exercise postures used for training. Although WBV does augment activation of lower limb muscles during exercise, our two randomized controlled trials did not provide evidence of the effectiveness of WBV in improving physical function among institutionalized older adults or among community-dwelling older adults with mild or moderate dementia.
Author: Alfio Albasini
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 070205061X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
This innovative new manual demonstrates the application of vibration technology to the treatment of pathologies such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, stroke and different musculoskeletal disorders. It covers pathology on the upper and lower extremities as well as the whole spine. New treatment strategies are practically and logically presented with recommended exercises and accompanying instructions that can be applied using the vibration platforms. Rationale is given for selected vibration frequencies, amplitudes and modes for the duration and frequency of the exercise session. The manual is grounded in evidence underpinned by a thorough literature review (including a balanced view of both pros and cons) and clinical cases. The authors present clinical treatment parameters that are evidence-based and have supportive physiological rationale that is consistent with the nature of the pathology being treated. First book of its kind applying evidence-based vibration technology to physical (physiotherapy) and sport therapy practice Exercise recommendations accompanied by over 70 four-colour illustrations Indications and contra-indications in clinical practice Comprehensive literature review of evidence base and principles Written and supported by experts actively applying this technology to their practice
Author: Trentham Phillip Furness
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise for older people
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
"Whole body vibration (WBV) is a mode of exercise by which an individual stands on a vibration platform that may be oscillating and therefore creating vertical displacement which affects gravitational forces acting upon the whole body. Manipulations of platform amplitude or frequency can affect the rate of change of the WBV (i.e. acceleration) acting upon an individual. The specific influences of frequency or amplitude, however, are unknown. The aim of the study, therefore, was two fold; (1) to identify chronic WBV effects of neuromuscular performance within a community dwelling older adult sample, and; (2) to identify WBV methods that would elicit chronic neuromuscular performance changes within such a sample. The study incorporated a randomised controlled experimental design to examine the aim. Seventy-three community dwelling older adults freely consented to the requirements of the study (mean age = 72.0 years). Neuromuscular performance was quantified with the 5-Chair Stands test, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and the Tinetti test. Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) was qualified with the SF-36 Health Survey. A six week WBV intervention significantly changed the quantifiers of neuromuscular performance in a community dwelling older adult sample. The WBV intervention significantly reduced time taken to complete the 5-Chair Stands test (p
Author: Heiner Baur
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832537766
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Author: Lyndsay Foisey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
Author: Redha Taiar
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351013610
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
Whole Body Vibrations: Physical and Biological Effects on the Human Body allows an understanding about the qualities and disadvantages of vibration exposure on the human body with a biomechanical and medical perspective. It offers a comprehensive range of principles, methods, techniques and tools to provide the reader with a clear knowledge of the impact of vibration on human tissues and physiological processes. The text considers physical, mechanical and biomechanical aspects and it is illustrated by key application domains such as sports and medicine. Consisting of 11 chapters in total, the first three chapters provide useful tools for measuring, generating, simulating and processing vibration signals. The following seven chapters are applications in different fields of expertise, from performance to health, with localized or global effects. Since unfortunately there are undesirable effects from the exposure to mechanical vibrations, a final chapter is dedicated to this issue. Engineers, researchers and students from biomedical engineering and health sciences, as well as industrial professionals can profit from this compendium of knowledge about mechanical vibration applied to the human body. Provides biomechanical and medical perspectives to understanding the qualities and disadvantages of vibration exposure on the human body Offers a range of principles, methods, techniques, and tools to evaluate the impact of vibration on human tissues and physiological processes Explores mechanical vibration techniques used to improve human performance Discusses the strong association between health and human well-being Explores physical, mechanical, and biomechanical aspects of vibration exposure in domains such as sports and medicine
Author: Stephanie Margarete Mueller
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3662678608
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
This textbook presents the essential research findings on human touch and haptic perception in a concise manner for students and health professionals. Focusing on anatomical, neural and physiological as well as psychological, social and clinical aspects, the scope of this book ranges from the fetus in the womb to the older adult in need of care. The chapters can be read individually or consecutively, and cross-chapter content is indicated by chapter references. Key learning points are highlighted at the end of each section, and figures, illustrations, and references facilitate the learning process. The quality of the presented study results has been critically analyzed and only randomized controlled studies are reported, which gives the reader a critical representation of the current state of knowledge. The textbook also provides valuable suggestions for future research by noting blind spots in existing research, and by pointing to methodological challenges in the implementation of high quality studies. Hence, this textbook is not only a representation of current knowledge, but also an epistemological analysis of the research process. There has been a surge of research about the sense of touch in the past ten years, which is incorporated in this book. This textbook will be an invaluable tool for physiotherapists, occupational therapists, nurses and other health professionals in everyday professional life.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 594
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Author: Lin Rong Liao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cerebrovascular disease
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
Results: Study 1: Only two RCTs were considered as level 1 evidence (PEDro score 9́Æ6 and sample size>50). Two RCTs examined the effects of a single WBV session whereas seven examined the effects of WBV programs spanning 3-12 weeks. No consistent benefits on bone turnover, leg motor function, balance, mobility, sensation, fall rate, activities of daily living, and societal participation were found, regardless of the nature of the comparison group. Adverse events were not uncommon but minor. Study 2: The Craig Hospital Inventory of Environmental Factors had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.916) and test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.845). It also had significant association with Personal Wellbeing Index (r = -0.344, p0.001) but not with Fugl-Meyer Assessment upper limb motor score (r = -0.183, p = 0.088) among stroke subjects, thus demonstrating convergent and discriminant validity, respectively. The mean Craig Hospital Inventory of Environmental Factors score in the stroke group was also significantly higher than that in controls (p0.05), thus showing good known-groups validity. Study 3: Exposure to WBV (low- and high-intensity protocols) significantly increased VL and GS EMG amplitude (large effect size, partial Îʺ℗ø= 0.135-0.643, p0.001) on both the paretic and non-paretic sides in different exercise conditions, compared with no WBV. No significant difference in EMG magnitude was found between the high- and low-intensity WBV protocols (p0.05). With a few exceptions, WBV enhanced EMG activity in the paretic and non-paretic leg muscles to a similar extent in different exercise conditions. Study 4: The main effect of intensity was significant. Exposure to the low-intensity and high-intensity protocols led to a significantly greater increase in BF and TA EMG magnitude in both legs compared with no WBV (p
