The Effect of Stack Height, Stack Location and Rooftop Structures on Air Intake Contamination, a Laboratory and Full-scale Study PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
One of the major causes of poor indoor air quality at some facilities is the sporadic occurrence of exhaust reingestion at fresh air intakes. This report describes the second phase of a study of the dispersion of plumes emitted from buildings in an urban environment. The main goals were to evaluate & improve the two most commonly used modelling tools (empirical design formulas and wind tunnel simulation) for the assessment of concentration of rooftop stack exhaust at various locations; and development of design guidelines to assist engineers in the proper selection of location, geometry, & functional characteristics of rooftop chimneys. The study included field tests using tracer gases & a portable fan as an emission source, carried out on a three-storey building in Montreal. The field test investigated the influence of the following factors on short-range plume dispersion: stack location relative to regions of flow separation; stack height; the exhaust velocity/wind speed ratio (M value); atmospheric turbulence; rooftop structures; and a taller upwind adjacent building. In addition, a parametric study in a wind tunnel provided more detailed information regarding the influence of stack height and M value on plume dispersion.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
One of the major causes of poor indoor air quality at some facilities is the sporadic occurrence of exhaust reingestion at fresh air intakes. This report describes the second phase of a study of the dispersion of plumes emitted from buildings in an urban environment. The main goals were to evaluate & improve the two most commonly used modelling tools (empirical design formulas and wind tunnel simulation) for the assessment of concentration of rooftop stack exhaust at various locations; and development of design guidelines to assist engineers in the proper selection of location, geometry, & functional characteristics of rooftop chimneys. The study included field tests using tracer gases & a portable fan as an emission source, carried out on a three-storey building in Montreal. The field test investigated the influence of the following factors on short-range plume dispersion: stack location relative to regions of flow separation; stack height; the exhaust velocity/wind speed ratio (M value); atmospheric turbulence; rooftop structures; and a taller upwind adjacent building. In addition, a parametric study in a wind tunnel provided more detailed information regarding the influence of stack height and M value on plume dispersion.
Author: Yukio Tamura
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 4431559124
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
This book is highly suitable for advanced courses as it introduces state-of-the-art information and the latest research results on diverse problems in the environmental wind engineering field. The topics include indoor natural ventilation, pedestrian wind environment, pollutant dispersion, urban heat island phenomena, urban ventilation, indoor/outdoor thermal comfort, and experimental/numerical techniques to analyze those issues. Winds have a great influence on the outdoor environment, especially in urban areas. Problems that they cause can be attributed to either strong wind or weak wind issues. Strong winds around high-rise buildings can bring about unpleasant, and in some cases dangerous, situations for people in the outdoor environment. On the other hand, weak wind conditions can also cause problems such as air pollution and heat island phenomena in urban areas. Winds enhance urban ventilation and reduce those problems. They also enhance natural ventilation in buildings, which can reduce the energy consumption of mechanical ventilation fans and air conditioners for cooling. Moderate winds improve human thermal comfort in both indoor and outdoor environments in summer. Environmental wind engineering associated with wind tunnel experiments and numerical analysis can contribute to solutions to these issues.
Author: Charalambos Baniotopoulos
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3709109531
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
The book presents a state-of-the-art in environmental aerodynamics and the structural design of wind energy support structures, particularly from a modern computational perspective. Examples include real-life applications dealing with pollutant dispersion in the building environment, pedestrian-level winds, comfort levels, relevant legislation and remedial measures. Design methodologies for wind energy structures include reliability assessment and code frameworks.
Author: Amit Gupta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 622
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air conditioning
Languages : en
Pages : 960
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Author: Hongwei Yan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air quality management
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The re-ingestion of toxic or odorous gases exhausted from rooftop stacks of a building may be a cause of indoor air quality problems of the same or an adjacent building. Although many experimental studies have been carried out to investigate the dispersion of exhaust from low-rise buildings, relatively little work has been conducted for high-rise buildings. The present study examines the dispersion of pollutants from rooftop stacks on high-rise buildings and their effect on adjacent buildings. The water flume of the Building Aerodynamics Laboratory (BAL) has been used to carry out flow visualization experiments to identify building configurations that may produce exhaust re-ingestion. Results from the water flume were verified in the boundary layer wind tunnel of the BAL using the tracer gas technique. General flow patterns are discussed in terms of dilution contours. Thirteen empirical equations of the minimum dilution variation with different building configurations have been derived based on a significant amount of experimental data. The effects of various factors are investigated. The dilution measurement results are compared with prediction from ASHRAE dilution model and those from other recent similar studies. It was found that the distance of stack to wall inlet and the exhaust momentum ratio affect the exhaust dilution dramatically. However, the stack location does not make any significant difference on dilution within the wake cavity zone with the same stack distance. Higher stack provides higher wall dilution. The gap between emitting and adjacent buildings affects the distribution of dilution, but it does not affect the value of the minimum dilution.
Author: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. External Research Program
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air flow
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
The purpose of this project was to evaluate the dispersion of pollutants from rooftop sources on high-rise buildings so that guidelines on the placement of stacks and air intake grilles for HVAC systems could be developed. The reingestion of building exhaust into fresh air intakes has been shown to adversely affect indoor air quality. Often the source of the contaminants is an adjacent building, which may or may not be a residential structure. Although a number of experimental studies have investigated the dispersion of exhaust from low-rise buildings, relatively little work has been conducted concerning high-rise buildings. This study provides some guidelines to building designers concerning the placement of fresh-air intakes on such buildings. The placement evaluation was based on water flume tests and modeling of air movement around high-rise buildings given confounding factors such as the height and proximity of neighboring buildings. A literature survey of relevant research on air intake grille location and contamination potential was also undertaken.
Author: T. Stathopoulos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air flow
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
The purpose of this project was to evaluate the dispersion of pollutants from rooftop sources on high-rise buildings so that guidelines on the placement of stacks and air intake grilles for HVAC systems could be developed. The reingestion of building exhaust into fresh air intakes has been shown to adversely affect indoor air quality. Often the source of the contaminants is an adjacent building, which may or may not be a residential structure. Although a number of experimental studies have investigated the dispersion of exhaust from low-rise buildings, relatively little work has been conducted concerning high-rise buildings. This study provides some guidelines to building designers concerning the placement of fresh-air intakes on such buildings. The placement evaluation was based on water flume tests and modeling of air movement around high-rise buildings given confounding factors such as the height and proximity of neighboring buildings. A literature survey of relevant research on air intake grille location and contamination potential was also undertaken.
Author: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air conditioning
Languages : en
Pages : 880
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782896312917
Category : Air quality
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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Book Description
