The Effect of Electroconvulsive Shock on the Behavior of Rats in a Water-maze PDF Download
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Author: Robert Wilding Leary
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conditioned response
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
Author: Robert Wilding Leary
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conditioned response
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
Author: Gertrude Jessie Muhlhan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Rats
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Book Description
Author: Harold W. Stevenson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Rats
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Book Description
Author: George Thomas Hauty
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mice
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Author: Hobart Fuller Thomas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Rats
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Author: David Harvey Dodd
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Learning, Psychology of
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
For more than 28 years electroconvulsive shock (ECS) has been manipulated as an experimental tool, and an every increasing number of investigators have concluded that its main effect is to impair memory for recent events. There is suggestive evidence, however, that ECS may also produce conditioned fear reactions and competitive responses--especially when large numbers of schocks are administered. The present study assessed the effects of a single shock; given shortly after rats' learning of a first and (hopefully) interfering habit, the aim was to learn whether learning of a second habit would occur without proactive interference. A two by two factorial design employed eighty albino rat Ss in four conditions involving presence or absence of visual occulusion and adminitration of ECS or sham-shock. All Ss learned a single, 3-choice discrimination in a water-maze; half the Ss of each group learned a "left" choice the first day, a "right" choice the second; the other half: "right" first, "left" second. Because the two (shock and control) occluded groups learned at a disproportionate rate on the first day's measure, forty additional animals were run in the occluded conditions. It was found that occluded Ss erred much more frequently on all measures than nonoccluded--in spite of the fact that the maze was designed to minimize visual clues and that the supposedly "non-visual" albino rat served as the experimental subject. There was no reliable difference in error scores between shocked and non-shocked Ss. However, since proactive interference was not demonstrably produced in control groups, one may not conclude that ECS fails to inhibit proactive interference.
Author: Cesar Octavío De La Garza
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric shock
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Author: James David Boyle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Rats
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Author: Peter Lovell Broadhurst
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Shock
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
Author: Kent Bradley Davis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric shock
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Twenty-one male, adult, albino rats were habituated to a Nielson re-arrangeable, three-choice, five unit water-maze, then randomly assigned to one of three, equally populated groups. Group I Ss were observed for errors through eight daily blocks of five massed trials and a single, 0.7 sec., 140 volt sine shock was induced through earclips four hours following completion of each of the first seven daily measures; Ss, run daily under 20 hours of food deprivation, were reinforced with lab chow on each trial, allowed continuous access to water, and four hours access to food following each daily maze run. Group II Ss were handles the same except that ECS was omitted. During the fifth through eighth daily maze run, a second Nielsen maze problem was presented; an additional control group (Group III) anchored performance for the fifth day's trials only. It was found that Group I, (but not Group II) Ss suffered a reliable loss of savings after a single ECS treatment: Group I continued to make more errors than controls did throughout the retention-shock measures of the first problem. WIth presentation of the second maze problem on the fifth day, Groups I and II were both found to make reliably more errors than naive controls of Group III; learning of the new problem was rapid, however, for Group I and II Ss- both groups outperformed Group III by the fifth and last trial. The measures of the sixth through eighth days, as well as those of the second through fifth days, disclosed a considerable overnight performance decrement in Group I, but not Group II, Ss. Conclusions drawn are these: 1. In spite of many contrary reports, ECS delayed (Four hours) beyond original learning can impair savings, provided moderately sensitive measures are employed. 2. A single ECS treatment can effect the savings loss. 3. Consolidation theory postulating 60 minutes as the limit for establishment of the permanent (i.e., unperturbable) memory trace, requires reconsideration in the light of the present findings. 4. The competition-of-response, ECS thory is not necessarily supported by, but does comport well with, the present findings.
