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Author: Charles Ernest Pelham Brooks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Thunderstorms
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author: Charles Ernest Pelham Brooks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Thunderstorms
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author: Martin Füllekrug
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402046294
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 399
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Book Description
Particularly intense lightning discharges can produce transient luminous events above thunderclouds, termed sprites, elves and jets. These short lived optical emissions in the mesosphere can reach from the tops of thunderclouds up to the ionosphere; they provide direct evidence of coupling from the lower atmosphere to the upper atmosphere. Sprites are arguably the most dramatic recent discovery in solar-terrestrial physics. Shortly after the first ground based video recordings of sprites, observations on board the Space Shuttle detected sprites and elves occurring all around the world. These reports led to detailed sprite observations in North America, South America, Australia, Japan, and Europe. Subsequently, sprites were detected from other space platforms such as the International Space Station and the ROCSAT satellite. During the past 15 years, more than 200 contributions on sprites have been published in the scientific literature to document this rapidly evolving new research area.
Author: William B. Freeman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lightning
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Distributions were developed for 1972 in the Eastern Hemisphere of thunderstorm days (January, April, July, and October), the incidence of lightning discharge (January and April), and the areal concentration of lightning discharge (yearly). These analyses were based on a review of sferics data. Charts of thunderstorm days differed significantly from mean charts of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), especially over the oceans, North Africa, Arabia, the Mediterranean Sea, and Southeast China. These areas of sparse data in the WMO compilation have been covered in this investigation. The tentative, first estimate of the distribution of lightning discharges over a large area of Earth differed significantly from the distribution of thunderstorm days for April and July, but the two distributions were similar for January and October. Centers of relatively high occurrence of lightning discharge on a yearly basis were located over South Africa, the Mediterranean Sea, Arabia, Southeast China, Southeast Asia, and Australia. The occurrence of lightning discharge was shown to follow Sun northward from January to the maximum poleward thrust in July. The occurrence of lightning discharge receded equatorward from July to the end of fall in December. The most reliable planetary-scale estimate of the average incidence of lightning discharge was 0.000042 per km per sec for the Northern Hemisphere (0-179E) in January 1972 and 0.000030 per km per sec for April 1972.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Thunderstorms
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: C. E. P. Brooks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: William B. Freeman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lightning
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Author: Hans Volland
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849386473
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
The participation of such diverse scientific and technical disciplines as meteorology, astronomy, atmospheric electricity, ionospheric and magnetospheric physics, electromagnetic wave propagation, and radio techniques in the research of atmospherics means that results are published in scientific papers widely spread throughout the literature. This Handbook collects the latest knowledge on atmospherics and presents it in two volumes. Each chapter is written by an expert in his or her field. Topics include the physics of thunderclouds, thunder, global atmospheric electric currents, biological aspects of sferics, and various space techniques for detecting lightning within our own atmosphere as well as in the atmospheres of other planets. Up-to-date applications and methodology are detailed. Volumes I and II offer a comprehensive discussion that together will serve as an important resource for practitioners, professionals, and students alike.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Thunderstorms
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Author: Hans Dieter Betz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 140209079X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 641
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Book Description
Lightning represents a natural phenomenon of substantial interest. Due to its complex nature, research continues in many countries and reveals amazing results. Lightning is actively observed because of its relevance to Earth climate and air composition in addition to the classical aspects of related human fatalities and damage to forests, buildings, power lines, aircraft, structures and electronic devices. In this volume, the most important contemporary questions on lightning are addressed and analyzed under many experimental and theoretical aspects. Lightning detection techniques using ground-based and space-borne methods are described, along with network engineering and statistical analysis. Contributions detail research on atmospheric electricity, cloud physics, lightning physics, modeling of electrical storms and middle atmospheric events. Special phenomena such as triggered lightning and sprite observations are examined. Lightning-induced nitrogen oxides and their effects on atmospheric chemistry and climate are discussed. Each topic is presented by international experts in the field. Topics include: * air chemistry * convective storms * infrasound from lightning * lightning and climate change * lightning and precipitation * lightning and radiation * lightning and supercells * lightning and thunderstorms * lightning detection * lightning from space * lighting protection * lightning return strokes * observations and interpretations * spatial distribution and frequency * triggered lightning * weather extremes
Author: Bill Freeman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lightning
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
