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Author: Hermann Cuntz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461480949
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 519
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Book Description
Neuronal dendritic trees are complex structures that endow the cell with powerful computing capabilities and allow for high neural interconnectivity. Studying the function of dendritic structures has a long tradition in theoretical neuroscience, starting with the pioneering work by Wilfrid Rall in the 1950s. Recent advances in experimental techniques allow us to study dendrites with a new perspective and in greater detail. The goal of this volume is to provide a résumé of the state-of-the-art in experimental, computational, and mathematical investigations into the functions of dendrites in a variety of neural systems. The book first looks at morphological properties of dendrites and summarizes the approaches to measure dendrite morphology quantitatively and to actually generate synthetic dendrite morphologies in computer models. This morphological characterization ranges from the study of fractal principles to describe dendrite topologies, to the consequences of optimization principles for dendrite shape. Individual approaches are collected to study the aspects of dendrite shape that relate directly to underlying circuit constraints and computation. The second main theme focuses on how dendrites contribute to the computations that neurons perform. What role do dendritic morphology and the distributions of synapses and membrane properties over the dendritic tree have in determining the output of a neuron in response to its input? A wide range of studies is brought together, with topics ranging from general to system-specific phenomena—some having a strong experimental component, and others being fully theoretical. The studies come from many different neural systems and animal species ranging from invertebrates to mammals. With this broad focus, an overview is given of the diversity of mechanisms that dendrites can employ to shape neural computations.
Author: Hermann Cuntz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461480949
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 519
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Book Description
Neuronal dendritic trees are complex structures that endow the cell with powerful computing capabilities and allow for high neural interconnectivity. Studying the function of dendritic structures has a long tradition in theoretical neuroscience, starting with the pioneering work by Wilfrid Rall in the 1950s. Recent advances in experimental techniques allow us to study dendrites with a new perspective and in greater detail. The goal of this volume is to provide a résumé of the state-of-the-art in experimental, computational, and mathematical investigations into the functions of dendrites in a variety of neural systems. The book first looks at morphological properties of dendrites and summarizes the approaches to measure dendrite morphology quantitatively and to actually generate synthetic dendrite morphologies in computer models. This morphological characterization ranges from the study of fractal principles to describe dendrite topologies, to the consequences of optimization principles for dendrite shape. Individual approaches are collected to study the aspects of dendrite shape that relate directly to underlying circuit constraints and computation. The second main theme focuses on how dendrites contribute to the computations that neurons perform. What role do dendritic morphology and the distributions of synapses and membrane properties over the dendritic tree have in determining the output of a neuron in response to its input? A wide range of studies is brought together, with topics ranging from general to system-specific phenomena—some having a strong experimental component, and others being fully theoretical. The studies come from many different neural systems and animal species ranging from invertebrates to mammals. With this broad focus, an overview is given of the diversity of mechanisms that dendrites can employ to shape neural computations.
Author: Greg Stuart
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198566565
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 578
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Book Description
Dendrites form the major receiving part of neurons. This text presents a survey of knowledge on dendrites, from their morphology and development, through to their electrical chemical, and computational properties.
Author: Greg Stuart
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191062472
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 737
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Book Description
Dendrites are complex neuronal structures that receive and integrate synaptic input from other nerve cells. They therefore play a critical role in brain function. Although dendrites were discovered over a century ago, due to the development of powerful new techniques there has been a dramatic resurgence of interest in the properties and function of these beautiful structures. This is the third edition of the first book devoted exclusively to dendrites. It contains a comprehensive survey of the current state of dendritic research across a wide range of topics, from dendritic morphology, evolution, development, and plasticity through to the electrical, biochemical and computational properties of dendrites, and finally to the key role of dendrites in brain disease. The third edition has been thoroughly revised, with the addition of a number of new chapters and comprehensive updates or rewrites of existing chapters by leading experts. "Dendrites" will be of interest to researchers and students in neuroscience and related fields, as well as to anyone interested in how the brain works.
Author: P. Michael Conn
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 148325951X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 609
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Book Description
Methods in Neurosciences, Volume 10: Computers and Computations in the Neurosciences discusses the use of computers in the neurosciences. The book deals with data collection, analysis, and modeling, with emphasis on the use of computers. Section I involves data collection using a personal microcomputer system. One paper presents a tutorial on using a PC-based motor control composed of an electronic circuit to adjust the motion of a light microscope stage through a software program. Other papers discuss computer methods in nuclei cartography and a computer-assisted quantitative receptor autoradiography in studying receptor density distribution. Section II deals with data analysis and some computer programs for kinetic modeling of gene expression in neurons. The book also discusses a computerized analysis of opioid receptor heterogeneity by ligand binding in test animals using computerized programs instead of employing manual or graphical methods. Computerized curve-fitting allows the researcher to utilize a more precise mathematical model to describe the binding of one ligand to one class of sites. Section III evaluates data modeling and simulations and describes the practicality of using computers to design model ion channels. Another paper discusses a graphical interaction program called MEMPOT to simulate an electrophysiological investigation of the properties of the membrane potential in stimulated cells. The book also presents a quantitative data gathered from computer simulation of the factors that affect neuronal density per measured sections. The book is suitable for microbiologists, biochemists, neuroscientists, and researchers in the field of medical research, as well as for advanced computer programmers in medical research work.
Author: Rocio Gonzalez Diaz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642370675
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery, DGCI 2013, held in Seville, Spain, in March 2013. The 34 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 56 submissions and focus on geometric transforms, discrete and combinatorial tools for image segmentation and analysis, discrete and combinatorial topology, discrete shape representation, recognition and analysis, models for discrete geometry, morphological analysis and discrete tomography.
Author: Rangacha Kasturi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000104265
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 455
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Book Description
This book presents a wide spectrum of applications where image analysis has been successfully employed, providing the reader with an insight into the merits or demerits of a particular technique. It deals with the domain of graphics recognition, document analysis, and map data interpretation.
Author: K. Nandy
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468430939
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
There are currently about 21 million people over 6S years in the United States and over a million of them suffer from a severe degree of mental impairment. This number will undoubtedly increase as more and more people attain their full lifespan. The Veterans Administration is acutely aware of this problem in the population it serves. Currently, there are about 31 million veterans in the United States. About 13 percent of these veterans are over 6S years of age and the number is expected to increase to 40 percent by the turn of the century. In recognition of the pressing need to address this problem, eight Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Centers (GRECC) have been established under the auspices of the Veterans Administration and the guiding spirit of Dr. Paul Haber, Assistant Chief Medical Director for Professional Services, Veterans Administration. The purpose of these centers is to develop a better understanding of the complex biomedical and socio-economic problems of the aged in general and to enhance the quality of life of the older veterans in particular o Gerontologists working towards a better understanding of the aging process and better care of the aged have made major progress in the biomedical field in the last decade. Among the efforts made by the Veterans Administration, the department of Extended Care and Academic Affairs have sponsored a number of symposia in the field of Gerontology.
Author: Doru Michael Stefanescu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306467509
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
Casting of metals evolved first as witchcraft, gradually became an art, then technology, and became only recently a science. Many of the processes used in a metal casting are still empirical in nature, but many others are deeply rooted in mathematics. In whatever form, casting of metals is an activity fundamental in the very existence of our world, as we know it today. Foundry reports indicate that solidification modeling is not only a cost-effective investment but also a major technical asset. It helps foundries move into markets with more complex and technically demanding work. However, to the best of the author's knowledge, there have been no attempts to synthesize the information that can be used for engineering calculations pertinent to computational modeling of casting solidification. This book is based on the author's thirty years of experience with teaching, research and the industrial practice of solidification science as applied to casting processes. It is an attempt to describe solidification theory through the complex mathematical apparatus that includes partial differential equations and numerical analysis, which are required for a fundamental treatment of the problem. The mathematics, however, is restricted to the element essential to attain a working knowledge of the field. This is in line with the main goal of the book, which is to educate the reader in the fast moving area of computational modeling of solidification of casting. For the sake of completeness, a special effort has been made to introduce the reader to the latest developments in solidification theory, even if the reader has no engineering applications at this time. The text is designed to be self-contained. The author's teaching experience demonstrates that some of the students interested in solidification science are not fully proficient in partial differential equations (PDE) and/or numerical analysis. Accordingly, elements of PDE and numerical analysis, required to obtain a working knowledge of computational solidification modeling, have been introduced in the text while attempting to avoid the interruption of the fluency of the subject. Numerous modeling and calculation examples using the Excel spreadsheet as an engineering tool are provided. The book is addressed to graduate students and seniors in solidification science, as well as to industrial researchers who work in the field of solidification in general and casting modeling in particular.
Author: Sergey M. Korogod
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889456080
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Activity of the multi-functional networked neurons depends on their intrinsic states and bears both cell- and network-defined features. Firing patterns of a neuron are conventionally attributed to spatial-temporal organization of inputs received from the network-mates via synapses, in vast majority dendritic. This attribution reflects widespread views of the within-cell job sharing, such that the main function of the dendrites is to receive signals and deliver them to the axo-somatic trigger zone, which actually generates the output pattern. However, these views are now revisited due to finding of active, non-linear properties of the dendritic membrane practically in neurons of practically all explored types. Like soma and axon, the dendrites with active membrane are able to generate self-maintained, propagating depolarizations and thus share intrinsic pattern-forming role with the trigger zone. Unlike the trigger zone, the dendrites have complex geometry, which is subject to developmental, activity-dependent, or neurodegenerative changes. Structural features of the arborization inevitably impact on electrical states and cooperative behavior of its constituting parts at different levels of organization, from sub-trees and branches to voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels populating the dendritic membrane. More than two decades of experimental and computer simulation studies have brought numerous phenomenological demonstrations of influence of the dendritic structure on neuronal firing patterns. A necessary step forward is to comprehend these findings and build a firm theoretical basis, including quantitative relationships between geometrical and electrical characteristics determining intrinsic activity of neurons. The articles in this eBook represent progress achieved in a broad circle of laboratories studied various aspects of structure and function of the neuronal dendrites. The authors elucidate new details of dendritic mechanisms underlying intrinsic activity patterns in neurons and highlight important questions that remain open in this important domain of cellular and computational neuroscience.
Author: Calin Ciufudean
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789841151
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
Nowadays, scientific research deals with alternative solutions for creating non-traditional computing systems, such as neural network architectures where the stochastic nature and live dynamics of memristive models play a key role. The features of memristors make it possible to direct processing and analysis of both biosystems and systems driven by artificial intelligence, as well as develop plausible physical models of spiking neural networks with self-organization. This book deals with advanced applications illustrating these concepts, and delivers an important contribution for the achievement of the next generation of intelligent hybrid biostructures. Different modeling and simulation tools can deliver an alternative to funding the theoretical approach as well as practical implementation of memristive systems.
