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Author: Janez Škrubej
Publisher: Strategic Book Publishing
ISBN: 1618978357
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
"The Cold War for Information Technology is a captivating new book that uncovers a little-known but vital battle to gain control over IT development that took place in the final two decades of the 20th century. As you might expect, intelligence agencies from the United States, the Soviet Union, India, and China all played major roles. However, remarkably, an IT company from Tito's unaligned Yugoslavia called Iskra Delta wound up right in the middle of this epic struggle to control IT. For despite its small size, Iskra Delta obtained permission from the U.S. to work through the U.S. embargo that at the time prohibited exporting information technology to the East. Being at a kind of digital crossroads for the East and West gave the company a massive influence that belied its small size. By 1986 the tiny Yugoslav IT company had built one of the largest computer networks in the world for the Chinese police. But Iskra Delta's innovativeness would ultimately draw it into the center of the international struggle to control the emerging IT world with presidents of the Soviet Union, China and India personally paying a visit. Suddenly the company was in the crosshairs of international intelligence agencies like the CIA and the KGB. Author Janez Skrubej was managing Iskra Delta during the time all of this was taking place and witnessed The Cold War for Information Technology first hand. This book is his story. Janez Skrubej is a retired IT professional and MIT alumnus who lives in the picturesque village of Rudolfovo, Slovenia. When he is not writing, Janez enjoys keeping up with the latest IT news and making his own plum brandy. Publisher's website: http: //sbpra.com/JanezSkrubej"
Author: Janez Škrubej
Publisher: Strategic Book Publishing
ISBN: 1618978357
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 248
Get Book Here
Book Description
"The Cold War for Information Technology is a captivating new book that uncovers a little-known but vital battle to gain control over IT development that took place in the final two decades of the 20th century. As you might expect, intelligence agencies from the United States, the Soviet Union, India, and China all played major roles. However, remarkably, an IT company from Tito's unaligned Yugoslavia called Iskra Delta wound up right in the middle of this epic struggle to control IT. For despite its small size, Iskra Delta obtained permission from the U.S. to work through the U.S. embargo that at the time prohibited exporting information technology to the East. Being at a kind of digital crossroads for the East and West gave the company a massive influence that belied its small size. By 1986 the tiny Yugoslav IT company had built one of the largest computer networks in the world for the Chinese police. But Iskra Delta's innovativeness would ultimately draw it into the center of the international struggle to control the emerging IT world with presidents of the Soviet Union, China and India personally paying a visit. Suddenly the company was in the crosshairs of international intelligence agencies like the CIA and the KGB. Author Janez Skrubej was managing Iskra Delta during the time all of this was taking place and witnessed The Cold War for Information Technology first hand. This book is his story. Janez Skrubej is a retired IT professional and MIT alumnus who lives in the picturesque village of Rudolfovo, Slovenia. When he is not writing, Janez enjoys keeping up with the latest IT news and making his own plum brandy. Publisher's website: http: //sbpra.com/JanezSkrubej"
Author: Paul N. Edwards
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262550284
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
The Closed World offers a radically new alternative to the canonical histories of computers and cognitive science. Arguing that we can make sense of computers as tools only when we simultaneously grasp their roles as metaphors and political icons, Paul Edwards shows how Cold War social and cultural contexts shaped emerging computer technology--and were transformed, in turn, by information machines. The Closed World explores three apparently disparate histories--the history of American global power, the history of computing machines, and the history of subjectivity in science and culture--through the lens of the American political imagination. In the process, it reveals intimate links between the military projects of the Cold War, the evolution of digital computers, and the origins of cybernetics, cognitive psychology, and artificial intelligence. Edwards begins by describing the emergence of a "closed-world discourse" of global surveillance and control through high-technology military power. The Cold War political goal of "containment" led to the SAGE continental air defense system, Rand Corporation studies of nuclear strategy, and the advanced technologies of the Vietnam War. These and other centralized, computerized military command and control projects--for containing world-scale conflicts--helped closed-world discourse dominate Cold War political decisions. Their apotheosis was the Reagan-era plan for a " Star Wars" space-based ballistic missile defense. Edwards then shows how these military projects helped computers become axial metaphors in psychological theory. Analyzing the Macy Conferences on cybernetics, the Harvard Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory, and the early history of artificial intelligence, he describes the formation of a "cyborg discourse." By constructing both human minds and artificial intelligences as information machines, cyborg discourse assisted in integrating people into the hyper-complex technological systems of the closed world. Finally, Edwards explores the cyborg as political identity in science fiction--from the disembodied, panoptic AI of 2001: A Space Odyssey, to the mechanical robots of Star Wars and the engineered biological androids of Blade Runner--where Information Age culture and subjectivity were both reflected and constructed. Inside Technology series
Author: Gerry Vassilatos
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780932813800
Category : ELF electromagnetic fields
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The death knell has struck. Wave Radio is dead. How have 70 years of Military Research succeeded in producing a completely new and superior communications technology? Radio History gives a stranger walk than paranoid writers ever tell! While citizens were watching television, military research was directed to create an amazing radiation technology far in advance of any system known. Currently and routinely utilised, it has remained a well guarded 'open secret' for decades. The proof patents and relevant research papers have just been retrieved. Facts quell hysteria, but Truth is stranger than fiction. Want the answers? The complete technical history of military projects will show the development of every relevant project preceding HAARP. Only the facts. No hysteria. Complete with communications and weapons patent citations, this book will forever change your view of world events and technology.
Author: Daniel E. Saros
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317803191
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
The failure of command central planning in the twentieth century has led to a general disillusionment within the socialist movement worldwide. Some alternatives to capitalism have been proposed since the end of the Cold War, but none has offered an alternative form of economic calculation. This book explains how modern information technology may be used to implement a new method of economic calculation that could bring an end to capitalism and make socialism possible. In this book, the author critically examines a number of socialist proposals that have been put forward since the end of the Cold War. It is shown that although these proposals have many merits, their inability effectively to incorporate the benefits of information technology into their models has limited their ability to solve the problem of socialist construction. The final section of the book proposes an entirely new model of socialist development, based on a "needs profile" that makes it possible to convert the needs of large numbers of people into data that can be used as a guide for resource allocation. This analysis makes it possible to rethink and carefully specify the conditions necessary for the abolition of capital and consequently the requirements for socialist revolution and, ultimately, communist society. Information Technology and Socialist Construction will be of interest to students and scholars of political economy, the history of economic thought, labour economics and industrial economics.
Author: J. D. Kenneth Boutin
Publisher: Potomac Books, Inc.
ISBN: 1612345875
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
Balancing the requirements of national security and economic competitiveness
Author: Audra J. Wolfe
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 1421409011
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
A synthetic account of how science became a central weapon in the ideological Cold War. Honorable Mention for the Forum for the History of Science in America Book Prize of the Forum for the History of Science in America For most of the second half of the twentieth century, the United States and its allies competed with a hostile Soviet Union in almost every way imaginable except open military engagement. The Cold War placed two opposite conceptions of the good society before the uncommitted world and history itself, and science figured prominently in the picture. Competing with the Soviets offers a short, accessible introduction to the special role that science and technology played in maintaining state power during the Cold War, from the atomic bomb to the Human Genome Project. The high-tech machinery of nuclear physics and the space race are at the center of this story, but Audra J. Wolfe also examines the surrogate battlefield of scientific achievement in such diverse fields as urban planning, biology, and economics; explains how defense-driven federal investments created vast laboratories and research programs; and shows how unfamiliar worries about national security and corrosive questions of loyalty crept into the supposedly objective scholarly enterprise. Based on the assumption that scientists are participants in the culture in which they live, Competing with the Soviets looks beyond the debate about whether military influence distorted science in the Cold War. Scientists’ choices and opportunities have always been shaped by the ideological assumptions, political mandates, and social mores of their times. The idea that American science ever operated in a free zone outside of politics is, Wolfe argues, itself a legacy of the ideological Cold War that held up American science, and scientists, as beacons of freedom in contrast to their peers in the Soviet Union. Arranged chronologically and thematically, the book highlights how ideas about the appropriate relationships among science, scientists, and the state changed over time.
Author: Daniel W. Drezner
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 0815738382
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
" How globalized information networks can be used for strategic advantage Until recently, globalization was viewed, on balance, as an inherently good thing that would benefit people and societies nearly everywhere.Now there is growing concern that some countries will use their position in globalized networks to gain undue influence over other societies through their dominance of information and financial networks, a concept known as “weaponized interdependence.” In exploring the conditions under which China, Russia, and the United States might be expected to weaponize control of information and manipulate the global economy, the contributors to this volume challenge scholars and practitioners to think differently about foreign economic policy, national security, and statecraft for the twenty-first century. The book addresses such questions as: What areas of the global economy are most vulnerable to unilateral control of informationand financial networks? How sustainable is the use of weaponized interdependence? What are the possible responses from targeted actors? And how sustainable is the open global economy if weaponized interdependence becomes a default tool for managing international relations? "
Author: Gabrielle Hecht
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262294753
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Investigations into how technologies became peculiar forms of politics in an expanded geography of the Cold War. The Cold War was not simply a duel of superpowers. It took place not just in Washington and Moscow but also in the social and political arenas of geographically far-flung countries emerging from colonial rule. Moreover, Cold War tensions were manifest not only in global political disputes but also in struggles over technology. Technological systems and expertise offered a powerful way to shape countries politically, economically, socially, and culturally. Entangled Geographies explores how Cold War politics, imperialism, and postcolonial nation building became entangled in technologies and considers the legacies of those entanglements for today's globalized world. The essays address such topics as the islands and atolls taken over for military and technological purposes by the supposedly non-imperial United States, apartheid-era South Africa's efforts to achieve international legitimacy as a nuclear nation, international technical assistance and Cold War politics, the Saudi irrigation system that spurred a Shi'i rebellion, and the momentary technopolitics of emergency as practiced by Medecins sans Frontières. The contributors to Entangled Geographies offer insights from the anthropology and history of development, from diplomatic history, and from science and technology studies. The book represents a unique synthesis of these three disciplines, providing new perspectives on the global Cold War.
Author: Alexander Klimburg
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0698402766
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Book Description
“A prescient and important book. . . . Fascinating.”—The New York Review of Books No single invention of the last half century has changed the way we live now as much as the Internet. Alexander Klimburg was a member of the generation for whom it was a utopian ideal turned reality: a place where ideas, information, and knowledge could be shared and new freedoms found and enjoyed. Two decades later, the future isn’t so bright any more: increasingly, the Internet is used as a weapon and a means of domination by states eager to exploit or curtail global connectivity in order to further their national interests. Klimburg is a leading voice in the conversation on the implications of this dangerous shift, and in The Darkening Web, he explains why we underestimate the consequences of states’ ambitions to project power in cyberspace at our peril: Not only have hacking and cyber operations fundamentally changed the nature of political conflict—ensnaring states in a struggle to maintain a precarious peace that could rapidly collapse into all-out war—but the rise of covert influencing and information warfare has enabled these same global powers to create and disseminate their own distorted versions of reality in which anything is possible. At stake are not only our personal data or the electrical grid, but the Internet as we know it today—and with it the very existence of open and democratic societies. Blending anecdote with argument, Klimburg brings us face-to-face with the range of threats the struggle for cyberspace presents, from an apocalyptic scenario of debilitated civilian infrastructure to a 1984-like erosion of privacy and freedom of expression. Focusing on different approaches to cyber-conflict in the US, Russia and China, he reveals the extent to which the battle for control of the Internet is as complex and perilous as the one surrounding nuclear weapons during the Cold War—and quite possibly as dangerous for humanity as a whole. Authoritative, thought-provoking, and compellingly argued, The Darkening Web makes clear that the debate about the different aspirations for cyberspace is nothing short of a war over our global values.
Author: Andra B. Chastain
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN: 0822987325
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
Itineraries of Expertise contends that experts and expertise played fundamental roles in the Latin American Cold War. While traditional Cold War histories of the region have examined diplomatic, intelligence, and military operations and more recent studies have probed the cultural dimensions of the conflict, the experts who constitute the focus of this volume escaped these categories. Although they often portrayed themselves as removed from politics, their work contributed to the key geopolitical agendas of the day. The paths traveled by the experts in this volume not only traversed Latin America and connected Latin America to the Global North, they also stretch traditional chronologies of the Latin American Cold War to show how local experts in the early twentieth century laid the foundation for post–World War II development projects, and how Cold War knowledge of science, technology, and the environment continues to impact our world today. These essays unite environmental history and the history of science and technology to argue for the importance of expertise in the Latin American Cold War.
