Author: Hans C. Korting
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781439805916
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
The use of drugs as remedies for various types of diseases has a long tradition; however, it has only been recently recognized that the value of any given compound must be evaluated in light of its benefit to risk ratio. When prescribing drugs, physicians must look at the big picture of the drug's benefits in relation to its side effects and possib
Author: Les Irwig
Publisher: Judy Irwig
ISBN: 1905140177
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Book Description
Every day we make decisions about our health - some big and some small. What we eat, how we live and even where we live can affect our health. But how can we be sure that the advice we are given about these important matters is right for us? This book will provide you with the right tools for assessing health advice.
Author: Graeme Laurie
Publisher:
ISBN: 1108576095
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
The definitive reference guide to designing scientifically sound and ethically robust medical research, considering legal, ethical and practical issues.
Author: James Leong
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319158058
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
This book proposes and investigates a universal framework, and accompanying documentation system, to facilitate and catalogue benefit-risk decisions; a valuable addition to the benefit-risk toolbox. Over the past decade, pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies have been reviewing the benefit-risk assessment of medicines with a view to developing a structured, systematic, standardized approach. Examining the evaluation of such an approach by several mature regulatory authorities ensures that the reader gains a unique insight into the ongoing debate in this area. The field of benefit-risk assessment continues to evolve at a rapid pace due to political and societal pressure, as is reflected in the recent FDA PUDFA agreement as well as in the EMA 2015 Roadmap. Rather than provide a comprehensive snap-shot of this constantly changing environment, this book evaluates selected current approaches to benefit-risk assessment. The strengths and weaknesses of publicly available documents in communicating benefit-risk decisions to stakeholders are reviewed and these evaluations are used to inform development of a prospective framework that could be used to harmonise procedures globally.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133386
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 445
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Book Description
In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or lengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies, child and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last half century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that children have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even though we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating rate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research, we do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating in clinical studies. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities and challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and legal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation and application of these standards and conduct, concluding that while children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical studies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable for children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to make informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at the need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design, review, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies to protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting human research participants in general is a necessary foundation for protecting child research participants in particular.
Author: Steven Piantadosi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3319526367
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 2573
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Book Description
This is a comprehensive major reference work for our SpringerReference program covering clinical trials. Although the core of the Work will focus on the design, analysis, and interpretation of scientific data from clinical trials, a broad spectrum of clinical trial application areas will be covered in detail. This is an important time to develop such a Work, as drug safety and efficacy emphasizes the Clinical Trials process. Because of an immense and growing international disease burden, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies continue to develop new drugs. Clinical trials have also become extremely globalized in the past 15 years, with over 225,000 international trials ongoing at this point in time. Principles in Practice of Clinical Trials is truly an interdisciplinary that will be divided into the following areas: 1) Clinical Trials Basic Perspectives 2) Regulation and Oversight 3) Basic Trial Designs 4) Advanced Trial Designs 5) Analysis 6) Trial Publication 7) Topics Related Specific Populations and Legal Aspects of Clinical Trials The Work is designed to be comprised of 175 chapters and approximately 2500 pages. The Work will be oriented like many of our SpringerReference Handbooks, presenting detailed and comprehensive expository chapters on broad subjects. The Editors are major figures in the field of clinical trials, and both have written textbooks on the topic. There will also be a slate of 7-8 renowned associate editors that will edit individual sections of the Reference.
Author: Chris J. van Boxtel
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471899273
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 738
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Book Description
This is an inclusive reference exploring the scientific basis and practice of drug therapy. The key concept is to look at the balance between the benefits and risks of drugs but in this context also the social impact which drugs have in modern societies is highlighted. Taking an evidence-based approach to the problem, the practice of clinical pharmacology and pharmacotherapy in the developing as well as the developed world is examined. For this purpose the book * Covers general clinical pharmacology, pharmacology of various drug groups and the treatments specific to various diseases * Gives guidance on how doctors should act so that drugs can be used effectively and safely * Encourages the rational use of drugs in society This book brings together a large amount of excellent content that will be invaluable for anyone working within, or associated with, the field of clinical pharmacology and pharmacotherapy - undergraduates, postgraduates, regulatory authorities and the pharmaceutical industry.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309095301
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has operated continuously since 1990. During that time, four space shuttle-based service missions were launched, three of which added major observational capabilities. A fifth â€" SM-4 â€" was intended to replace key telescope systems and install two new instruments. The loss of the space shuttle Columbia, however, resulted in a decision by NASA not to pursue the SM-4 mission leading to a likely end of Hubble's useful life in 2007-2008. This situation resulted in an unprecedented outcry from scientists and the public. As a result, NASA began to explore and develop a robotic servicing mission; and Congress directed NASA to request a study from the National Research Council (NRC) of the robotic and shuttle servicing options for extending the life of Hubble. This report presents an assessment of those two options. It provides an examination of the contributions made by Hubble and those likely as the result of a servicing mission, and a comparative analysis of the potential risk of the two options for servicing Hubble. The study concludes that the Shuttle option would be the most effective one for prolonging Hubble's productive life.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030918651X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 163
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Book Description
Randomized clinical trials are the primary tool for evaluating new medical interventions. Randomization provides for a fair comparison between treatment and control groups, balancing out, on average, distributions of known and unknown factors among the participants. Unfortunately, these studies often lack a substantial percentage of data. This missing data reduces the benefit provided by the randomization and introduces potential biases in the comparison of the treatment groups. Missing data can arise for a variety of reasons, including the inability or unwillingness of participants to meet appointments for evaluation. And in some studies, some or all of data collection ceases when participants discontinue study treatment. Existing guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials, and the analysis of the resulting data, provide only limited advice on how to handle missing data. Thus, approaches to the analysis of data with an appreciable amount of missing values tend to be ad hoc and variable. The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials concludes that a more principled approach to design and analysis in the presence of missing data is both needed and possible. Such an approach needs to focus on two critical elements: (1) careful design and conduct to limit the amount and impact of missing data and (2) analysis that makes full use of information on all randomized participants and is based on careful attention to the assumptions about the nature of the missing data underlying estimates of treatment effects. In addition to the highest priority recommendations, the book offers more detailed recommendations on the conduct of clinical trials and techniques for analysis of trial data.
Author: Jayet Moon
Publisher: Quality Press
ISBN: 195105833X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
In today's uncertain times, risk has become the biggest part of management. Risk management is central to the science of prediction and decision-making; holistic and scientific risk management creates resilient organizations, which survive and thrive by being adaptable. This book is the perfect guide for anyone interested in understanding and excelling at risk management. It begins with a focus on the foundational elements of risk management, with a thorough explanation of the basic concepts, many illustrated by real-life examples. Next, the book focuses on equipping the reader with a working knowledge of the subject from an organizational process and systems perspective. Every concept in almost every chapter is calibrated to not only ISO 9001 and ISO 31000, but several other international standards. In addition, this book presents several tools and methods for discussion. Ranging from industry standard to cutting edge, each receives a thorough analysis and description of its role in the risk management process. Finally, you'll find a detailed and practical discussion of contemporary topics in risk management, such as supply chain risk management, risk-based auditing, risk in 4.0 (digital transformation), benefit-risk analyses, risk-based design thinking, and pandemic/epidemic risk management. Jayet Moon is a Senior ASQ member and holds ASQ CQE, CSQP, and CQIA certifications. He is also a chartered quality professional in the U.K. (CQP-MCQI). He earned a master's degree in biomedical engineering from Drexel University in Philadelphia and is a Project Management Institute (PMI) Certified Risk Management Professional (PMI-RMP). He is a doctoral candidate in Systems and Engineering Management at Texas Tech University
