Author: American Kennel Club
Publisher: Fox Chapel Publishing
ISBN: 1621870944
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 286
Book Description
The American Kennel Club’s Meet the Rottweiler, an official publication of the American Kennel Club (AKC), serves as go-to resource for new and experienced owners of this impressive working dog. With its characteristic black and mahogany coloration, the robust Rottweiler cuts a unique silhouette and has attracted thousands of admirers in the United States and around the world. Meet the Rottweiler begins with a discussion about the decision to own this powerful, large guard dog, and the responsibilities that accompany this decision. Equally important is the selection of the right breeder, a topic covered in a chapter on puppy selection that includes a list of questions to ask the breeder and the answers new owners are looking for. The book addresses the health of the Rottweiler and alerts new owners to potential problems in the breed. The chapter on health discusses the importance of finding the right veterinarian for this breed as well as how to embark on a preventive-healthcare regimen with your vet. New owners will profit from the chapters dedicated to selecting the right merchandise for a new puppy and how to make the home and yard safe for the active and agile Rottie puppy. House-training and obedience training are presented in individual chapters, and the AKC’s stance on positive training methods shines through as owners are enlightened to the power of praise and rewards. The book doesn’t stint on information about grooming, exercise, dental health, and feeding, all vital topics for the dog owner. The final chapter includes a dozen ways to get your Rottweiler active in dog sports and the community—from participating in AKC performance events like dog shows, obedience and agility trials to becoming certified as a therapy dog and visiting nursing homes and retirement homes with your well-trained Rottie. The chapters also offer advice on how to pursue the AKC S.T.A.R. Puppy and the Canine Good Citizen programs, both ideal for young dogs getting their start in organized dog events and therapy. The Resources section of the book includes excellent recommendations for websites, periodicals, books, and programs that Rottweiler owners will find informative and helpful.
Meet the Rottweiler
Author: American Kennel Club
Publisher: Fox Chapel Publishing
ISBN: 1621870944
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 286
Book Description
The American Kennel Club’s Meet the Rottweiler, an official publication of the American Kennel Club (AKC), serves as go-to resource for new and experienced owners of this impressive working dog. With its characteristic black and mahogany coloration, the robust Rottweiler cuts a unique silhouette and has attracted thousands of admirers in the United States and around the world. Meet the Rottweiler begins with a discussion about the decision to own this powerful, large guard dog, and the responsibilities that accompany this decision. Equally important is the selection of the right breeder, a topic covered in a chapter on puppy selection that includes a list of questions to ask the breeder and the answers new owners are looking for. The book addresses the health of the Rottweiler and alerts new owners to potential problems in the breed. The chapter on health discusses the importance of finding the right veterinarian for this breed as well as how to embark on a preventive-healthcare regimen with your vet. New owners will profit from the chapters dedicated to selecting the right merchandise for a new puppy and how to make the home and yard safe for the active and agile Rottie puppy. House-training and obedience training are presented in individual chapters, and the AKC’s stance on positive training methods shines through as owners are enlightened to the power of praise and rewards. The book doesn’t stint on information about grooming, exercise, dental health, and feeding, all vital topics for the dog owner. The final chapter includes a dozen ways to get your Rottweiler active in dog sports and the community—from participating in AKC performance events like dog shows, obedience and agility trials to becoming certified as a therapy dog and visiting nursing homes and retirement homes with your well-trained Rottie. The chapters also offer advice on how to pursue the AKC S.T.A.R. Puppy and the Canine Good Citizen programs, both ideal for young dogs getting their start in organized dog events and therapy. The Resources section of the book includes excellent recommendations for websites, periodicals, books, and programs that Rottweiler owners will find informative and helpful.
Publisher: Fox Chapel Publishing
ISBN: 1621870944
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 286
Book Description
The American Kennel Club’s Meet the Rottweiler, an official publication of the American Kennel Club (AKC), serves as go-to resource for new and experienced owners of this impressive working dog. With its characteristic black and mahogany coloration, the robust Rottweiler cuts a unique silhouette and has attracted thousands of admirers in the United States and around the world. Meet the Rottweiler begins with a discussion about the decision to own this powerful, large guard dog, and the responsibilities that accompany this decision. Equally important is the selection of the right breeder, a topic covered in a chapter on puppy selection that includes a list of questions to ask the breeder and the answers new owners are looking for. The book addresses the health of the Rottweiler and alerts new owners to potential problems in the breed. The chapter on health discusses the importance of finding the right veterinarian for this breed as well as how to embark on a preventive-healthcare regimen with your vet. New owners will profit from the chapters dedicated to selecting the right merchandise for a new puppy and how to make the home and yard safe for the active and agile Rottie puppy. House-training and obedience training are presented in individual chapters, and the AKC’s stance on positive training methods shines through as owners are enlightened to the power of praise and rewards. The book doesn’t stint on information about grooming, exercise, dental health, and feeding, all vital topics for the dog owner. The final chapter includes a dozen ways to get your Rottweiler active in dog sports and the community—from participating in AKC performance events like dog shows, obedience and agility trials to becoming certified as a therapy dog and visiting nursing homes and retirement homes with your well-trained Rottie. The chapters also offer advice on how to pursue the AKC S.T.A.R. Puppy and the Canine Good Citizen programs, both ideal for young dogs getting their start in organized dog events and therapy. The Resources section of the book includes excellent recommendations for websites, periodicals, books, and programs that Rottweiler owners will find informative and helpful.
The American Kennel Club's Meet the Breeds
Author: American Kennel Club
Publisher: Fox Chapel Publishing
ISBN: 1937049795
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 544
Book Description
Meet the Breeds will detail all of the American Kennel Club recognized dog breeds, including information about each breed's history, breed standards, appearance, and temperament. At 216 pages, this comprehensive dog breed guide will dedicate one page to each breed, with AKC approved puppy and adulthood photos of each breed to help the reader recognize the dogs more easily. BowTie Press is working directly with the American Kennel Club and the individual breed clubs associated with the AKC to bring this book to life. The book will have an introduction from Dennis Sprung, the current President and CEO of the American Kennel Club. A short chapter dedicated to helping readers choose the best breed of dog for their lifestyle will also be included.The 2012 Edition of Meet the Breeds adds 11 new official breed descriptions, affirmed by the American Kennel Club in 2011. Each new breed includes a short history of the breed, a basic physical description, breed statistics, and two photos illustrating the breed's appearance and form. The book itself has been lightly redesigned, giving it a cleaner, more straightforward and dynamic appearance to allow easy reading and searching through its pages.
Publisher: Fox Chapel Publishing
ISBN: 1937049795
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 544
Book Description
Meet the Breeds will detail all of the American Kennel Club recognized dog breeds, including information about each breed's history, breed standards, appearance, and temperament. At 216 pages, this comprehensive dog breed guide will dedicate one page to each breed, with AKC approved puppy and adulthood photos of each breed to help the reader recognize the dogs more easily. BowTie Press is working directly with the American Kennel Club and the individual breed clubs associated with the AKC to bring this book to life. The book will have an introduction from Dennis Sprung, the current President and CEO of the American Kennel Club. A short chapter dedicated to helping readers choose the best breed of dog for their lifestyle will also be included.The 2012 Edition of Meet the Breeds adds 11 new official breed descriptions, affirmed by the American Kennel Club in 2011. Each new breed includes a short history of the breed, a basic physical description, breed statistics, and two photos illustrating the breed's appearance and form. The book itself has been lightly redesigned, giving it a cleaner, more straightforward and dynamic appearance to allow easy reading and searching through its pages.
The New Complete Dog Book
Author: The American Kennel Club
Publisher: Fox Chapel Publishing
ISBN: 1621871746
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 1344
Book Description
The New Complete Dog Book is the American Kennel Club’s “Bible” of dogs. For the past 88 years it has been the ultimate breed resource—the one book that no purebred dog aficionado and expert can live without. In addition to being the longest continually published dog book in history, it is also the most successful dog book ever published, with over two million copies sold. The revised and updated 22nd edition contains revised breed standards, changes in breed classifications, and recently recognized breeds. Dog owners, breeders, and clubs will find the most current information here on AKC registration, competitive events, and programs. A celebration of every breed of dog recognized by the American Kennel Club—over 200 breeds—this new 22nd edition offers readers: Official standard for every AKC-recognized breed, including seven variety Groups and the Miscellaneous Class Breed histories, puppy-buying tips, and pet attributes, each breed written by one of the 200 AKC national parent clubs Over 800 exceptional color photographs of adults and puppies illustrate each four-page breed entry Spotlight on finding well-bred puppies, sports and activities for dogs and owners, AKC programs, and canine anatomy Illustrated glossary of canine terminology
Publisher: Fox Chapel Publishing
ISBN: 1621871746
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 1344
Book Description
The New Complete Dog Book is the American Kennel Club’s “Bible” of dogs. For the past 88 years it has been the ultimate breed resource—the one book that no purebred dog aficionado and expert can live without. In addition to being the longest continually published dog book in history, it is also the most successful dog book ever published, with over two million copies sold. The revised and updated 22nd edition contains revised breed standards, changes in breed classifications, and recently recognized breeds. Dog owners, breeders, and clubs will find the most current information here on AKC registration, competitive events, and programs. A celebration of every breed of dog recognized by the American Kennel Club—over 200 breeds—this new 22nd edition offers readers: Official standard for every AKC-recognized breed, including seven variety Groups and the Miscellaneous Class Breed histories, puppy-buying tips, and pet attributes, each breed written by one of the 200 AKC national parent clubs Over 800 exceptional color photographs of adults and puppies illustrate each four-page breed entry Spotlight on finding well-bred puppies, sports and activities for dogs and owners, AKC programs, and canine anatomy Illustrated glossary of canine terminology
Rottweiler. The Rottweiler Bible
Author: Mark Manfield
Publisher: DYM Worldwide Publishers
ISBN: 1911355406
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description
"Well written and easy to understand, the best book on Rottweilers!" Teresa McGill, Richmond, ON.- "The best resource out there on the Rottweiler!" Mary Johnson, Salt Lake City, UT.- "Highly recommended"- Simon Jetty, Albany, NY.- "The GO TO Book for you and your Rottweiler!" - M. Smithton, Vancouver, BC- ROTTWEILER: THE ROTTWEILER BIBLE is everything you need to know about Rottweilers- From: Rottweiler Puppies, Rottweiler Breeders, Rottweiler Dogs as Adults, Rottweiler Health, Rottweiler Temperament, Rottweiler Training and all the proven Insider tips You'll need to succeed with this magnificent breed and maximize your Rottweiler experience-- -This one-stop resource will help you to care for, train, & build a successful partnership with your Rottweiler, & makes a great gift for new Rottweiler owners. The most in-depth Rottweilers guide yet. -The 120 pages are easy to read & packed full of practical info & Rottweiler breeders' tips on everything you need to know about getting to know, caring for & living with the magnificent Rottweiler!- Everything is Covered - including: Rottweiler Puppies - You'll Learn: -How to prepare Your Home & Yard for the Rottweiler- -What to do when Your Rottweiler puppy first arrives- -Rottweiler Sleeping Arrangements- -Getting through the first week with the Rottweiler- -Rottweiler Exercise - how much and what type- -Crate training for your Rottweiler- -Rottweiler Housetraining- -Rottweiler Socialization - what does it mean and how to do it right- -Rottweiler Training and Obedience- -How to avoid the missteps which could make Your Rottweiler's personality not turn out right- -Rottweiler: The Rottweiler Bible is full of tried-and-tested personalized advice on what to expect & all aspects of life with your Rottweiler- For anyone who hasn't chosen their Rottweiler yet there is:- -Rottweiler variations and color patterns- -Rottweiler hybrids and how to tell purebred from mixes- -Rottweiler Personality vs Other Competing Breeds- -Rottweiler Breeders- What to look for (and to AVOID! - "this alone is worth the purchase price")- -Where NOT to Buy a Rottweiler- -How to Pick a Healthy Rottweiler Puppy or Rottweiler Adult- -Rottweiler Temperament: Quickly understanding the Temperament of the exact Rottweiler You're considering- -Rottweiler Socialization: Preventing Anti-Social Behavior- -Learn about Rottweiler Food- What breeders recommend, Feeding Puppies, Raw Diets, Avoiding Food Allergies, Understanding Dog Food Labels, & Feeding Older Dogs. -In Depth- Rottweiler Health: including Ears, Skin, Allergies, Spaying, Neutering, Vaccinations -Rottweiler common illnesses and how to avoid them!- -Renowned world expert advice on the Rottweiler Click the Add to Cart Button Now on the Top Right of This Page- to get Yours Now and discover what makes the Rottweiler so great! "FULL of clear detailed information on Rottweilers..." 'Rhonda Spiers, Annapolis, MD- "The best resource out there on the Rottweiler!" Mary Johnson, Salt Lake City, UT.- "Highly recommended"- Simon Jetty, Albany, NY. "The GO TO Book for you and your Rottweiler!" - M. Smithton, Vancouver, BC
Publisher: DYM Worldwide Publishers
ISBN: 1911355406
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description
"Well written and easy to understand, the best book on Rottweilers!" Teresa McGill, Richmond, ON.- "The best resource out there on the Rottweiler!" Mary Johnson, Salt Lake City, UT.- "Highly recommended"- Simon Jetty, Albany, NY.- "The GO TO Book for you and your Rottweiler!" - M. Smithton, Vancouver, BC- ROTTWEILER: THE ROTTWEILER BIBLE is everything you need to know about Rottweilers- From: Rottweiler Puppies, Rottweiler Breeders, Rottweiler Dogs as Adults, Rottweiler Health, Rottweiler Temperament, Rottweiler Training and all the proven Insider tips You'll need to succeed with this magnificent breed and maximize your Rottweiler experience-- -This one-stop resource will help you to care for, train, & build a successful partnership with your Rottweiler, & makes a great gift for new Rottweiler owners. The most in-depth Rottweilers guide yet. -The 120 pages are easy to read & packed full of practical info & Rottweiler breeders' tips on everything you need to know about getting to know, caring for & living with the magnificent Rottweiler!- Everything is Covered - including: Rottweiler Puppies - You'll Learn: -How to prepare Your Home & Yard for the Rottweiler- -What to do when Your Rottweiler puppy first arrives- -Rottweiler Sleeping Arrangements- -Getting through the first week with the Rottweiler- -Rottweiler Exercise - how much and what type- -Crate training for your Rottweiler- -Rottweiler Housetraining- -Rottweiler Socialization - what does it mean and how to do it right- -Rottweiler Training and Obedience- -How to avoid the missteps which could make Your Rottweiler's personality not turn out right- -Rottweiler: The Rottweiler Bible is full of tried-and-tested personalized advice on what to expect & all aspects of life with your Rottweiler- For anyone who hasn't chosen their Rottweiler yet there is:- -Rottweiler variations and color patterns- -Rottweiler hybrids and how to tell purebred from mixes- -Rottweiler Personality vs Other Competing Breeds- -Rottweiler Breeders- What to look for (and to AVOID! - "this alone is worth the purchase price")- -Where NOT to Buy a Rottweiler- -How to Pick a Healthy Rottweiler Puppy or Rottweiler Adult- -Rottweiler Temperament: Quickly understanding the Temperament of the exact Rottweiler You're considering- -Rottweiler Socialization: Preventing Anti-Social Behavior- -Learn about Rottweiler Food- What breeders recommend, Feeding Puppies, Raw Diets, Avoiding Food Allergies, Understanding Dog Food Labels, & Feeding Older Dogs. -In Depth- Rottweiler Health: including Ears, Skin, Allergies, Spaying, Neutering, Vaccinations -Rottweiler common illnesses and how to avoid them!- -Renowned world expert advice on the Rottweiler Click the Add to Cart Button Now on the Top Right of This Page- to get Yours Now and discover what makes the Rottweiler so great! "FULL of clear detailed information on Rottweilers..." 'Rhonda Spiers, Annapolis, MD- "The best resource out there on the Rottweiler!" Mary Johnson, Salt Lake City, UT.- "Highly recommended"- Simon Jetty, Albany, NY. "The GO TO Book for you and your Rottweiler!" - M. Smithton, Vancouver, BC
Rottweilers For Dummies
Author: Richard G. Beauchamp
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111806934X
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 295
Book Description
Discover how to raise, train, and enjoy your Rottweiler with this fantastic resource Known for its great strength, endurance, and protectiveness, the Rottweiler can be a good-natured, playful pet. It can also be a highly challenging breed. In the right hands, a Rottweiler can be the best security system in town, and at the same time, an affectionate friend to the whole family, always ready for fun and games. The well-bred, well-trained Rottweiler has the courage of a lion and is happy to obey. In the wrong hands, a Rottweiler just as easily can become an unruly beast, a menace to all that come near. Is the Rottweiler the right breed for you and your family? Rottweilers For Dummies provides the answer to this and all your questions about getting, caring for and living with this big dog. Long-time Rottweiler breeder and trainer Richard G. Beauchamp gets you up and running with what you need to know to: Choose the right Rottweiler for you Socialize your new puppy Educate yourself and your dog Maintain good health, proper exercise and diet Handle behavioral problems Participate in dog competitions In friendly, down-to-earth language, Rick provides insights into the Rottweiler temperament and loads of sensible, easy-to-follow advice on everything a Rottweiler owner should know – along with fun facts and tips on how to have a great time with your Rottie. Discover how to: Decide on whether a male or female is right for you Find and choose your new friend and bring him or her home Understand how to communicate with your Rottweiler Train your Rottweiler Finding a good trainer and attend classes Deal with emotional conflicts Feed and exercise your Rottweiler Recognize, prevent, and treat common health problems Have loyal friend for life The indispensable guide for you and your Rottweiler, Rottweilers For Dummies is the only book you’ll need to help you have the best possible experience with this admirable and loveable breed.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111806934X
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 295
Book Description
Discover how to raise, train, and enjoy your Rottweiler with this fantastic resource Known for its great strength, endurance, and protectiveness, the Rottweiler can be a good-natured, playful pet. It can also be a highly challenging breed. In the right hands, a Rottweiler can be the best security system in town, and at the same time, an affectionate friend to the whole family, always ready for fun and games. The well-bred, well-trained Rottweiler has the courage of a lion and is happy to obey. In the wrong hands, a Rottweiler just as easily can become an unruly beast, a menace to all that come near. Is the Rottweiler the right breed for you and your family? Rottweilers For Dummies provides the answer to this and all your questions about getting, caring for and living with this big dog. Long-time Rottweiler breeder and trainer Richard G. Beauchamp gets you up and running with what you need to know to: Choose the right Rottweiler for you Socialize your new puppy Educate yourself and your dog Maintain good health, proper exercise and diet Handle behavioral problems Participate in dog competitions In friendly, down-to-earth language, Rick provides insights into the Rottweiler temperament and loads of sensible, easy-to-follow advice on everything a Rottweiler owner should know – along with fun facts and tips on how to have a great time with your Rottie. Discover how to: Decide on whether a male or female is right for you Find and choose your new friend and bring him or her home Understand how to communicate with your Rottweiler Train your Rottweiler Finding a good trainer and attend classes Deal with emotional conflicts Feed and exercise your Rottweiler Recognize, prevent, and treat common health problems Have loyal friend for life The indispensable guide for you and your Rottweiler, Rottweilers For Dummies is the only book you’ll need to help you have the best possible experience with this admirable and loveable breed.
The Complete Dog Book
Author: American Kennel Club
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dog breeds
Languages : en
Pages : 793
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dog breeds
Languages : en
Pages : 793
Book Description
The Intelligence of Dogs
Author: Stanley Coren
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 0743280873
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Combining heroic stories of dogs with the latest scientific and psychological information, this book has provoked controversy with its lists that rank more than 100 breeds and its exciting new insights into the thoughts, emotions, and inner lives of dogs.
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 0743280873
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Combining heroic stories of dogs with the latest scientific and psychological information, this book has provoked controversy with its lists that rank more than 100 breeds and its exciting new insights into the thoughts, emotions, and inner lives of dogs.
The Dogist
Author: Elias Weiss Friedman
Publisher: Artisan Books
ISBN: 1579656714
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 305
Book Description
When Friedman moved to New York City, he missed the dogs that had surrounded him growing up. He began photographing dogs on the street, and posting them on his blog, The Dogist. Whether because of the look in a dog's eyes, its innate beauty, or even the clothes its owner has dressed it in, every portrait in this book tells a story and explores the dog's distinct character and spirit.
Publisher: Artisan Books
ISBN: 1579656714
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 305
Book Description
When Friedman moved to New York City, he missed the dogs that had surrounded him growing up. He began photographing dogs on the street, and posting them on his blog, The Dogist. Whether because of the look in a dog's eyes, its innate beauty, or even the clothes its owner has dressed it in, every portrait in this book tells a story and explores the dog's distinct character and spirit.
The New Complete Dog Book
Author: The American Kennel Club
Publisher: i5 Publishing
ISBN: 162187091X
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 914
Book Description
The most successful dog book ever published, with over two million copies sold, The New Complete Dog Book is the American Kennel Club’s bible of dogs, the one book that every purebred dog aficionado and expert cannot live without. The Complete Dog Book first appeared 85 years ago and now for the first time has been reformatted and published in full color. A celebration of every breed of dog recognized by the American Kennel Club—over 200 breeds—this volume offers readers: Official standard for every AKC-recognized breed—over 50 more than previous edition—including seven variety Groups and the Miscellaneous Class Newly written breed histories, puppy-buying tips, and pet attributes, each breed written by one of the 200 AKC national parent clubs Over 800 exceptional color photographs of adults and puppies illustrate each four-page breed entry Spotlight on finding well-bred puppies, sports and activities for dogs and owners, AKC programs, and canine anatomy Illustrated glossary of canine terminology I-5 Press is proud to take the helm as the publisher of the longest, continually published dog book in history, following in the footsteps of G.H. Watt Publishers, Halcyon House, Garden City Publishing, Doubleday NY, Howell Book House (Wiley) and Ballantine Books (Random House). This 21st edition of The American Kennel Club’s New Complete Dog Book belongs in every dog lover’s home, the library of every town and institution, and dog club reference section in America.
Publisher: i5 Publishing
ISBN: 162187091X
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 914
Book Description
The most successful dog book ever published, with over two million copies sold, The New Complete Dog Book is the American Kennel Club’s bible of dogs, the one book that every purebred dog aficionado and expert cannot live without. The Complete Dog Book first appeared 85 years ago and now for the first time has been reformatted and published in full color. A celebration of every breed of dog recognized by the American Kennel Club—over 200 breeds—this volume offers readers: Official standard for every AKC-recognized breed—over 50 more than previous edition—including seven variety Groups and the Miscellaneous Class Newly written breed histories, puppy-buying tips, and pet attributes, each breed written by one of the 200 AKC national parent clubs Over 800 exceptional color photographs of adults and puppies illustrate each four-page breed entry Spotlight on finding well-bred puppies, sports and activities for dogs and owners, AKC programs, and canine anatomy Illustrated glossary of canine terminology I-5 Press is proud to take the helm as the publisher of the longest, continually published dog book in history, following in the footsteps of G.H. Watt Publishers, Halcyon House, Garden City Publishing, Doubleday NY, Howell Book House (Wiley) and Ballantine Books (Random House). This 21st edition of The American Kennel Club’s New Complete Dog Book belongs in every dog lover’s home, the library of every town and institution, and dog club reference section in America.
Akc Star Puppy
Author: Mary Burch
Publisher: Dogwise Publishing
ISBN: 161781105X
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 252
Book Description
Give your new puppy a great start in life by following the easy-to-apply information in this book from the moment you bring her home. And, while you're at it, get an AKC title for your pup whether mixed breed or purebred.
Publisher: Dogwise Publishing
ISBN: 161781105X
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 252
Book Description
Give your new puppy a great start in life by following the easy-to-apply information in this book from the moment you bring her home. And, while you're at it, get an AKC title for your pup whether mixed breed or purebred.