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Author: Vanessa Prüller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 91
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Book Description
Author: Vanessa Prüller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 91
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Book Description
Author: Ruth Nuttall
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000381048
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 197
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Book Description
This book examines the history of political continuity and conflict in East Timor between 1974 and 2006, and the origins of an unexpected crisis in 2006 which caused an international military intervention and several more years of UN missions. Providing a fresh and empirical political history to explain the crisis, the book offers new dimensions to the understanding of East Timor, its independence struggles, political transition and politics after independence in 2002. The author revisits historical materials and brings to light new resources, making extensive use of the 2005 Report of the Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation and contemporary diplomatic, UN and news media reports, to provide a precise context and chronology for the events in 2006. The book provides an analysis within which factors such as ethnic and inter-communal violence, security sector weaknesses and conflict between the army and police, the constitution and legal system, state-building and peace-building can be located in the larger context of the 2006 crisis. Demonstrating how and why, in the space of four weeks in April and May 2006, the newly independent country of Timor-Leste plunged from ‘UN success story’ into catastrophe, this book will be of interest to academics working on Southeast Asian Politics, Southeast Asian history, Development Studies and Nation-, State- and Peace-Building and International Relations.
Author: Rebecca E. Engel
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429956290
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 359
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Book Description
This book argues that the international community must share responsibility for contributing to the conditions that resulted in violent conflict in Timor-Leste, four years after it declared independence from Indonesia. Its failure to tailor interventions to Timor-Leste’s specific political economy and conflict dynamics distanced the state from its citizens and undermined its capacity to forge a political settlement founded on a robust social contract. At a time in which conflict-affected states are receiving unprecedented attention and peacekeeping operations and humanitarian emergencies are becoming increasingly complex, this book argues that radical changes are urgently required in the way the international community operates in these environments. The findings are rooted in an examination of the mechanisms used by international development actors in Timor-Leste between 1998 and 2006. In bringing together wide-ranging perspectives, the author shows that international actions cannot be separated from the local political and socio-economic context, demonstrating that interventions are never ‘apolitical’ and that peacebuilding must be intentional. Indeed, political settlements premised on a robust social contract should not be taken for granted anywhere. The impact of increasing disenfranchisement, mistrust in institutions and structural inequalities evident in the global North suggest that lessons from peacebuilding in Timor-Leste are relevant far beyond its shores. This book is essential for students and researchers in the fields of development studies, international political economy, peacebuilding and conflict resolution, and for practitioners and policymakers striving to advance peace.
Author: James Scambary
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004396799
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
This book analyses conflict patterns in independent East Timor. It argues that understanding the role of local level actors and the dynamics of sub-national conflict is integral to understanding national level conflict and the contours of contemporary political power.
Author: James Scambary
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This thesis analyses conflict patterns in East Timor, and the role of informal security groups in East Timorese society between 2000 and 2013. Beyond allusions to conflict in donor literature on land disputes, conflict at a sub-national level in East Timor has received very little attention. Extant scholarship on post-independence era conflict in East Timor has almost exclusively focussed on a three-month long series of events in 2006, in the capital Dili, known as the 'Crisis'. As a consequence, conflict in East Timor, and the variety of different informal security groups who often enact it, is commonly understood as a recent and largely urban phenomenon. Informed by a range of normative, macro-level and classical social deprivation theories, the events of the Crisis have been widely attributed to an explosion of social tensions arising from poor state building, political and elite rivalry, youth alienation and regional ethnic tensions. These understandings have been, and continue to be, highly influential in the design of peace building, policing and development responses. Closer examination reveals that sub-national conflict has been a constant feature of East Timorese society since early independence. A range of historical and social factors such as land disputes, payback traditions and family disputes drive multiple, ongoing micro-conflicts in both rural and urban areas. Rather than being generalised, the worst and most persistent conflict occurs between specific villages in regions with a long history of communal tensions. The many informal security groups involved in these conflicts, such as martial arts groups, are just as much a rural as an urban phenomenon, so their existence cannot be attributed to urbanisation, disadvantage and youth alienation alone. Many groups also have a long and complex history predating the independence era. However, while inter-group conflict or violence often appears to be random and spontaneous, there are particular patterns in the ways that conflict occurs, where it occurs, and between whom. Drawing on an emerging international literature critical of dominant macro-level understandings of conflict, this thesis uses the events of 2006-07 to elaborate a broader, more ethnographic and multi-layered framework for understanding conflict in East Timor. As I argue in this thesis, the national level, urban-based violence of the Crisis linked up with a range of pre-existing micro-level conflicts, so that one conflict became many. While macro-level factors such as youth unemployment and elite or political party tensions certainly play a part in fuelling tensions, conflict in East Timor is essentially communally driven and takes place within a historical, cultural and social context and continuum. As part of this examination, I will demonstrate how a range of factors, including cyclical rural urban migration, complex kinship networks and multiple and fluid identities drive conflict, and how these factors sometimes combine to suddenly escalate local level conflicts. Such a diverse but interrelated range of phenomena ensures that there is an ongoing, interactive dynamic between rural and urban conflict, and local and national level conflict. Understanding this dynamic will be key to the effectiveness and sustainability of future peacebuilding responses.
Author: Taro McGuinn
Publisher: Lerner Publishing Group
ISBN: 9780822535553
Category : East Timor
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Examines the history of the ethnic conflict in East Timor and its continuing effect on the people.
Author: Jacques Bertrand
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521524414
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Since 1998, which marked the end of the thirty-three-year New Order regime under President Suharto, there has been a dramatic increase in ethnic conflict and violence in Indonesia. In his innovative and persuasive account, Jacques Bertrand argues that conflicts in Maluku, Kalimantan, Aceh, Papua, and East Timur were a result of the New Order's narrow and constraining reinterpretation of Indonesia's 'national model'. The author shows how, at the end of the 1990s, this national model came under intense pressure at the prospect of institutional transformation, a reconfiguration of ethnic relations, and an increase in the role of Islam in Indonesia's political institutions. It was within the context of these challenges, that the very definition of the Indonesian nation and what it meant to be Indonesian came under scrutiny. The book sheds light on the roots of religious and ethnic conflict at a turning point in Indonesia's history.
Author: Christine Cabasset-Semedo
Publisher:
ISBN: 9786119028203
Category : Nation-building
Languages : en
Pages : 299
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Book Description
Author: Ruth Elizabeth Nuttall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In the space of four weeks in April and May 2006, the newly independent country of Timor-Leste plunged from 'UN success story' into catastrophe. As hostilities grew, most of the inhabitants of the capital city fled their homes, and on 24 May, amidst armed conflict among police, army and irregular groups, Timor-Leste's leadership called in an international military intervention to restore the peace. Despite its gravity the crisis remains poorly understood both inside and outside the country, and many of its critical details have been lost to sight in the wake of subsequent events. The political nature of the crisis and the violence accompanying it exposed unresolved issues and deep divisions rooted in Timor's history. A returned Fretilin exile group under the leadership of Mari Alkatiri outmanoeuvred resistance hero Xanana Gusmão in the UN-managed political and constitutional processes leading to independence in 2002. After independence Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri pursued an autocratic style of government, favouring friends and excluding and persecuting opponents, built up paramilitary police forces and declared that Fretilin would rule for fifty years. By early 2006 Timor-Leste's first significant petroleum revenues had come on stream, its first parliamentary elections were due in 2007, and the UN mission (UNOTIL) was preparing to leave. Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri's appetite for power and authority, resisted by President Xanana Gusmão, made a confrontation of some kind inevitable. In early 2006 the political contest between Mari Alkatiri and Xanana Gusmão surfaced, over complaints of discrimination in the army. Over the following months, as tensions grew, the army fractured and the police force disintegrated. In May 2006 armed conflict among army, police, and irregular armed groups brought the country to the brink of civil war, halted only by the rapid deployment of Australian-led international forces on 25 May. Subsequent judicial investigations and prosecutions were pursued in dilatory fashion and left the impression that an understanding had been reached among the leadership to avoid mutual recrimination. The failure of the country's leadership to resolve pressing issues before the crisis, and their failure afterwards to account publicly for and to atone for what happened in 2006, sacrificed democratic and legal principle in the interest of political deal-making, and embedded undesirable precedents in Timor-Leste's political and judicial practice.
Author: Sue Ingram
Publisher: ANU Press
ISBN: 192502251X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 281
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Book Description
Timor-Leste has made impressive progress since its historic achievement of independence in 2002. From the instability that blighted its early years, the fledgling democratic country has achieved strong economic growth and a gradual reinstatement of essential social services. A decade on in 2012, Presidential and Parliamentary elections produced smooth political transitions and the extended UN peacekeeping presence in the country came to an end. But significant challenges remain. This book, a product of the inaugural Timor-Leste Update held at The Australian National University in 2013 to mark the end of Timor-Leste’s first decade as a new nation, brings together a vibrant collection of papers from leading and emerging scholars and policy analysts. Collectively, the chapters provide a set of critical reflections on recent political, economic and social developments in Timor-Leste. The volume also looks to the future, highlighting a range of transitions, prospects and undoubted challenges facing the nation over the next 5–10 years. Key themes that inform the collection include nation-building in the shadow of history, trends in economic development, stability and social cohesion, and citizenship, democracy and social inclusion. The book is an indispensable guide to contemporary Timor-Leste.
