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Author: Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262034840
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Book Description
How to assess critical aspects of cognitive functioning that are not measured by IQ tests: rational thinking skills. Why are we surprised when smart people act foolishly? Smart people do foolish things all the time. Misjudgments and bad decisions by highly educated bankers and money managers, for example, brought us the financial crisis of 2008. Smart people do foolish things because intelligence is not the same as the capacity for rational thinking. The Rationality Quotient explains that these two traits, often (and incorrectly) thought of as one, refer to different cognitive functions. The standard IQ test, the authors argue, doesn't measure any of the broad components of rationality—adaptive responding, good judgment, and good decision making. The authors show that rational thinking, like intelligence, is a measurable cognitive competence. Drawing on theoretical work and empirical research from the last two decades, they present the first prototype for an assessment of rational thinking analogous to the IQ test: the CART (Comprehensive Assessment of Rational Thinking). The authors describe the theoretical underpinnings of the CART, distinguishing the algorithmic mind from the reflective mind. They discuss the logic of the tasks used to measure cognitive biases, and they develop a unique typology of thinking errors. The Rationality Quotient explains the components of rational thought assessed by the CART, including probabilistic and scientific reasoning; the avoidance of “miserly” information processing; and the knowledge structures needed for rational thinking. Finally, the authors discuss studies of the CART and the social and practical implications of such a test. An appendix offers sample items from the test.
Author: Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262034840
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 479
Get Book Here
Book Description
How to assess critical aspects of cognitive functioning that are not measured by IQ tests: rational thinking skills. Why are we surprised when smart people act foolishly? Smart people do foolish things all the time. Misjudgments and bad decisions by highly educated bankers and money managers, for example, brought us the financial crisis of 2008. Smart people do foolish things because intelligence is not the same as the capacity for rational thinking. The Rationality Quotient explains that these two traits, often (and incorrectly) thought of as one, refer to different cognitive functions. The standard IQ test, the authors argue, doesn't measure any of the broad components of rationality—adaptive responding, good judgment, and good decision making. The authors show that rational thinking, like intelligence, is a measurable cognitive competence. Drawing on theoretical work and empirical research from the last two decades, they present the first prototype for an assessment of rational thinking analogous to the IQ test: the CART (Comprehensive Assessment of Rational Thinking). The authors describe the theoretical underpinnings of the CART, distinguishing the algorithmic mind from the reflective mind. They discuss the logic of the tasks used to measure cognitive biases, and they develop a unique typology of thinking errors. The Rationality Quotient explains the components of rational thought assessed by the CART, including probabilistic and scientific reasoning; the avoidance of “miserly” information processing; and the knowledge structures needed for rational thinking. Finally, the authors discuss studies of the CART and the social and practical implications of such a test. An appendix offers sample items from the test.
Author: Per Kroll
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN: 0321630009
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 462
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Book Description
"Per Kroll and Philippe Kruchten are especially well suited to explain the RUP...because they have been the central forces inside Rational Software behind the creation of the RUP and its delivery to projects around the world." --From the Foreword by Grady Booch This book is a comprehensive guide to modern software development practices, as embodied in the Rational Unified Process, or RUP. With the help of this book's practical advice and insight, software practitioners will learn how to tackle challenging development projects--small and large--using an iterative and risk-driven development approach with a proven track record. The Rational Unified Process Made Easy will teach you the key points involved in planning and managing iterative projects, the fundamentals of component design and software architecture, and the proper employment of use cases. All team members--from project managers to analysts, from developers to testers--will learn how to immediately apply the RUP to their work. You will learn that the RUP is a flexible, versatile process framework that can be tailored to suit the needs of development projects of all types and sizes. Key topics covered include: How to use the RUP to develop iteratively, adopt an architecture-centric approach, mitigate risk, and verify software quality Tasks associated with the four phases of the RUP: Inception, Elaboration, Construction, and Transition Roles and responsibilities of project managers, architects, analysts, developers, testers, and process engineers in a RUP project Incrementally adopting the RUP with minimal risk Common patterns for failure with the RUP--and how to avoid them Use this book to get quickly up to speed with the RUP, so you can easily employ the significant power of this process to increase the productivity of your team.
Author: Ahmad K. Shuja
Publisher: Pearson Education
ISBN: 0132704293
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 415
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Book Description
The Only Official RUP® Certification Prep Guide and Compact RUP Reference The IBM® Rational Unified Process® has become the de facto industry-standard process for large-scale enterprise software development. The IBM Certified Solution Designer - IBM Rational Unified Process V7.0 certification provides a powerful way for solutions developers to demonstrate their proficiency with RUP. The first and only official RUP certification guide, this book fully reflects the latest versions of the Rational Unified Process and of the IBM RUP exam. Authored by two leading RUP implementers, it draws on extensive contributions and careful reviews by the IBM RUP process leader and RUP certification manager. This book covers every facet of RUP usage. It has been carefully organized to help you prepare for your exam quickly and efficiently--and to provide a handy, compact reference you can rely on for years to come. Coverage includes A full section on RUP exam preparation and a 52-question practice exam Core RUP concepts, the new RUP process architecture, and key principles of business-driven development RUP’s architecture-centric approach to iterative development: practical issues and scenarios Patterns for successful RUP project implementation–and “anti-patterns” to avoid The Unified Method Architecture (UMA): basic content and process elements RUP content disciplines, in depth: Business Modeling, Requirements, Analysis and Design, Implementation, Test, Deployment, Project Management, Change and Configuration Management, and Environment Essential RUP work products, roles, and tasks RUP phases, activities, and milestones RUP tailoring and tools for your organization--including introductions to IBM Rational Method Composer (RMC) and MyRUP
Author: Colin Cheyne
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402042078
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
Alan Musgrave has consistently defended two positions that he regards as commonsensical: critical realism and critical rationalism. In this volume a group of internationally-renowned authors discuss themes that are relevant in one way or another to Musgrave’s work. Rather than a standard celebratory festschrift, this book offers a new examination of topics of current interest in philosophy. The contributory essays are followed by responses from Alan Musgrave himself.
Author: Steven M. Sheffrin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521479394
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
This book develops the idea of rational expectations and surveys its use in economics today.
Author: R. Dennis Gibbs
Publisher: Prentice Hall Professional
ISBN: 0132704404
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
· Master win–win techniques for managing outsourced and offshore projects, from procurement and risk mitigation to maintenance · Use RUP to implement best-practice project management throughout the software development lifecycle · Overcome key management challenges, from changing requirements to managing user expectations The Hands-On, Start-to-Finish Guide to Managing Software Projects with the IBM® Rational Unified Process® This is the definitive guide to managing software development projects with the IBM Rational Unified Process (RUP®). Drawing on his extensive experience managing projects with the RUP, R. Dennis Gibbs covers the entire development lifecycle, from planning and requirements to post-mortems and system maintenance. Gibbs offers especially valuable insights into using the RUP to manage outsourced projects and any project relying on distributed development teams—outsourced, insourced, or both. This “from the trenches” guidebook is invaluable for anyone interested in best practices for managing software development: project managers, team leaders, procurement and contracting specialists, quality assurance and software process professionals, consultants, and developers. If you’re already using the RUP, Gibbs will help you more effectively use it. Whatever your role or the RUP experience, you’ll learn ways to · Simplify and streamline the management of any large-scale or outsourced project · Overcome the challenges of using the RUP in software project management · Optimize software procurement and supplier relationships, from Request for Proposals (RFPs) and contracts to delivery · Staff high-performance project teams and project management offices · Establish productive, consistent development environments · Run effective project kickoffs · Systematically identify and mitigate project risks · Manage the technical and business challenges of changing requirements · Organize iterations and testing in incremental development processes · Transition new systems into service: from managing expectations to migrating data · Plan system maintenance and implement effective change control · Learn all you can from project post-mortems—and put those lessons into practice
Author: Stefano Gattei
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134182953
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
Rectifying misrepresentations of Popperian thought with a historical approach to Popper’s philosophy, Gattei reconstructs the logic of Popper’s development to show how one problem and its tentative solution led to a new problem.
Author: Roger E. Backhouse
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134686730
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 251
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Book Description
Roger Backhouse is a key figure in the field of economic methodology. Explorations in Economic Methodology both clarifies and responds to the issues raised by the literature and argues that methodology is an essential activity. Offering a constructive, but critical, response to the recent literature, this collection provides important new insights for students and researchers in economic methodology and the philosophy of science.
Author: Richard B. McKenzie
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642015867
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
Mainstream economists everywhere exhibit an "irrational passion for dispassionate rationality." Behavioral economists, and long-time critic of mainstream economics suggests that people in mainstrean economic models "can think like Albert Einstein, store as much memory as IBM’s Big Blue, and exercise the will power of Mahatma Gandhi," suggesting that such a view of real world modern homo sapiens is simply wrongheaded. Indeed, Thaler and other behavioral economists and psychology have documented a variety of ways in which real-world people fall far short of mainstream economists' idealized economic actor, perfectly rational homo economicus. Behavioral economist Daniel Ariely has concluded that real-world people not only exhibit an array of decision-making frailties and biases, they are "predictably irrational," a position now shared by so many behavioral economists, psychologists, sociologists, and evolutionary biologists that a defense of the core rationality premise of modedrn economics is demanded.
Author: Jonathan Michie
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135932263
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2166
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Book Description
This 2-volume work includes approximately 1,200 entries in A-Z order, critically reviewing the literature on specific topics from abortion to world systems theory. In addition, nine major entries cover each of the major disciplines (political economy; management and business; human geography; politics; sociology; law; psychology; organizational behavior) and the history and development of the social sciences in a broader sense.
