SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION OF THE LINAC RF SYSTEM USING A WAVELET METHOD AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN THE SNS LLRF CONTROL SYSTEM. PDF Download
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For a pulsed LINAC such as the SNS, an adaptive feed-forward algorithm plays an important role in reducing the repetitive disturbance caused by the pulsed operation conditions. In most modern feed-forward control algorithms, accurate real time system identification is required to make the algorithm more effective. In this paper, an efficient wavelet method is applied to the system identification in which the Haar function is used as the base wavelet. The advantage of this method is that the Fourier transform of the Haar function in the time domain is a sine function in the frequency domain. Thus we can directly obtain the system transfer function in the frequency domain from the coefficients of the time domain system response.
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For a pulsed LINAC such as the SNS, an adaptive feed-forward algorithm plays an important role in reducing the repetitive disturbance caused by the pulsed operation conditions. In most modern feed-forward control algorithms, accurate real time system identification is required to make the algorithm more effective. In this paper, an efficient wavelet method is applied to the system identification in which the Haar function is used as the base wavelet. The advantage of this method is that the Fourier transform of the Haar function in the time domain is a sine function in the frequency domain. Thus we can directly obtain the system transfer function in the frequency domain from the coefficients of the time domain system response.
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The proposed Next Linear Collider contains a large number of linac RF systems with new requirements for wideband klystron modulation and accurate RF vector detection. The system will be capable of automatically phasing each klystron and compensating for beam loading effects. Accelerator structure alignment is determined by detection of the beam induced dipole modes with a receiver similar to that used for measuring the accelerator RF and is incorporated into the RF system topology. This paper describes the proposed system design, signal processing techniques and includes preliminary test results.
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Languages : en
Pages : 3
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The Spallation Neutron Source being built at the Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee requires a 1 GeV proton linac. Los Alamos has responsibility for the RF systems for the entire linac. The linac requires 3 distinct types of RF systems: 2.5-MW peak, 402.5 MHz, RF systems for the RFQ and DTL (7 systems total); 5-MW peak, 805 MHz systems for the CCL and the two energy corrector cavities (6 systems total); and 550-kW peak, 805 MHz systems for the superconducting sections (8 1 systems total). The design of the SNS Linac RF system was presented at the 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference in Chicago. Vendors have been selected for the klystrons (3 different vendors), circulators (I vendor), transmitter (1 vendor), and high power RF loads (3 different vendors). This paper presents the results and status of vendor procurements, test results of the major components of the Linac RF system and our installation progress.
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Languages : en
Pages : 29
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The proposed RF distribution scheme for the two 15 km long ILC LINACs, uses one klystron to feed 26 superconducting RF cavities operating at 1.3 GHz. For a precise control of the vector sum of the signals coming from the SC cavities, the control system needs a high performance, low cost, reliable and modular multichannel receiver. At Fermilab we developed a 96 channel, 1.3 GHz analog/digital receiver for the ILC LINAC LLRF control system. In the paper we present a balanced design approach to the specifications of each receiver section, the design choices made to fulfill the goals and a description of the prototyped system. The design is tested by measuring standard performance parameters, such as noise figure, linearity and temperature sensitivity. Measurements show that the design meets the specifications and it is comparable to other similar systems developed at other laboratories, in terms of performance.
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Author: Herman Friele
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Languages : en
Pages : 4
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The Low Energy Demonstration Accelerator (LEDA) for the Accelerator for the Production of Tritium (APT) project will be built at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The low-level RF (LLRF) control system portion of this accelerator must perform many functions, of which the primary one is controlling the RF fields in the accelerating cavities. Plans have been made to provide for on-line characterization of the LLRF control system and the complete RF system through use of stimulus and response buffers, and a digital signal processor built into the field control system electronics. The purpose of this circuitry is to characterize the behavior of the entire RF system (klystron, waveguides, high power splitters, accelerator cavity, etc.). This characterization feature can be used to measure the performance of the closed loop system with respect to the open loop system, to provide an automated way to set loop parameters, to determine the cavity Q-curve, and to detect any abnormal behavior in the RF chain. The types of measurements include frequency and time-domain responses to given perturbations, amplitude modulations, etc. This paper will discuss types of algorithms that can be implemented and present a description and block diagram of the electronics to be used.
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The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC is in full user operation and has met the stability goals for stable lasing. The 250pC bunch can be compressed to below 100fS before passing through an undulator. In a new mode of operation a 20pC bunch is compressed to about 10fS. Experimenters are regularly using this shorter X-ray pulse and getting pristine data. The 10fS bunch has timing jitter on the order of 100fS. Physicists are requesting that the RF system achieve better stability to reduce timing jitter. Drifts in the RF system require longitudinal feedbacks to work over large ranges and errors result in reduced performance of the LCLS. A new RF system is being designed to help diagnose and reduce jitter and drift in the SLAC linac.
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Pages : 3
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As part of the Accelerator Protluction of Tritium (APT) program, a normal conducting (NC) - superconducting (SC) 100 mA continuous wave (CW), 1030 MeV accelerator is being designed. Maintaining the RF cavities in this linac at their proper resonant frequency, rf field amplitude and phase during commissioning (low duty factor pulse mode) and operation (high current continuous beam) is the function of the Low Level Radio Frequency (LLRF) system, This paper describes the linac characteristics that determine the LLRF system requirements with the corresponding control functions, and an overview of the techniques proposed to meet these requirements.
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The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is planning an upgrade (LCLS-II) to the Linear Coherent Light Source with a 4 GeV CW Superconducting Radio Frequency (SCRF) linac. The nature of the machine places stringent requirements in the Low-Level RF (LLRF) system, expected to control the cavity fields within 0.01 degrees in phase and 0.01% in amplitude, which is equivalent to a longitudinal motion of the cavity structure in the nanometer range. This stability has been achieved in the past but never for hundreds of superconducting cavities in Continuous-Wave (CW) operation. The difficulty resides in providing the ability to reject disturbances from the cryomodule, which is incompletely known as it depends on the cryomodule structure itself (currently under development at JLab and Fermilab) and the harsh accelerator environment. Previous experience in the field and an extrapolation to the cavity design parameters (relatively high Q_{L}cH"4×107, implying a half-bandwidth of around 16 Hz) suggest the use of strong RF feedback to reject the projected noise disturbances, which in turn demands careful engineering of the entire system.
