The Gastrointestinal Circulation PDF Download
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Author: Peter R. Kvietys
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1615041176
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 127
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Book Description
The microcirculation of the gastrointestinal tract is under the control of both myogenic and metabolic regulatory systems. The myogenic mechanism contributes to basal vascular tone and the regulation of transmural pressure, while the metabolic mechanism is responsible for maintaining an appropriate balance between O2 demand and O2 delivery. In the postprandial state, hydrolytic products of food digestion elicit a hyperemia, which serves to meet the increased O2 demand of nutrient assimilation. Metabolically linked factors (e.g., tissue pO2, adenosine) are primarily responsible for this functional hyperemia. The fenestrated capillaries of the gastrointestinal mucosa are relatively permeable to small hydrolytic products of food digestion (e.g., glucose), yet restrict the transcapillary movement of larger molecules (e.g., albumin). This allows for the absorption of hydrolytic products of food digestion without compromising the oncotic pressure gradient governing transcapillary fluid movement and edema formation. The gastrointestinal microcirculation is also an important component of the mucosal defense system whose function is to prevent (and rapidly repair) inadvertent epithelial injury by potentially noxious constituents of chyme. Two pathological conditions in which the gastrointestinal circulation plays an important role are ischemia/reperfusion and chronic portal hypertension. Ischemia/reperfusion results in mucosal edema and disruption of the epithelium due, in part, to an inflammatory response (e.g., increase in capillary permeability to macromolecules and neutrophil infiltration). Chronic portal hypertension results in an increase in gastrointestinal blood flow due to an imbalance in vasodilator and vasoconstrictor influences on the microcirculation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy / Regulation of Vascular Tone and Oxygenation / Extrinsic Vasoregulation: Neural and Humoral / Postprandial Hyperemia / Transcapillary Solute Exchange / Transcapillary Fluid Exchange / Interaction of Capillary and Interstitial Forces / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Defense / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology I: Ischemia/Reperfusion / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology II: Chronic Portal Hypertension / Summary and Conclusions / References / Author Biography
Author: Peter R. Kvietys
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1615041176
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 127
Get Book Here
Book Description
The microcirculation of the gastrointestinal tract is under the control of both myogenic and metabolic regulatory systems. The myogenic mechanism contributes to basal vascular tone and the regulation of transmural pressure, while the metabolic mechanism is responsible for maintaining an appropriate balance between O2 demand and O2 delivery. In the postprandial state, hydrolytic products of food digestion elicit a hyperemia, which serves to meet the increased O2 demand of nutrient assimilation. Metabolically linked factors (e.g., tissue pO2, adenosine) are primarily responsible for this functional hyperemia. The fenestrated capillaries of the gastrointestinal mucosa are relatively permeable to small hydrolytic products of food digestion (e.g., glucose), yet restrict the transcapillary movement of larger molecules (e.g., albumin). This allows for the absorption of hydrolytic products of food digestion without compromising the oncotic pressure gradient governing transcapillary fluid movement and edema formation. The gastrointestinal microcirculation is also an important component of the mucosal defense system whose function is to prevent (and rapidly repair) inadvertent epithelial injury by potentially noxious constituents of chyme. Two pathological conditions in which the gastrointestinal circulation plays an important role are ischemia/reperfusion and chronic portal hypertension. Ischemia/reperfusion results in mucosal edema and disruption of the epithelium due, in part, to an inflammatory response (e.g., increase in capillary permeability to macromolecules and neutrophil infiltration). Chronic portal hypertension results in an increase in gastrointestinal blood flow due to an imbalance in vasodilator and vasoconstrictor influences on the microcirculation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy / Regulation of Vascular Tone and Oxygenation / Extrinsic Vasoregulation: Neural and Humoral / Postprandial Hyperemia / Transcapillary Solute Exchange / Transcapillary Fluid Exchange / Interaction of Capillary and Interstitial Forces / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Defense / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology I: Ischemia/Reperfusion / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology II: Chronic Portal Hypertension / Summary and Conclusions / References / Author Biography
Author: Gerard Doherty
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071635157
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1328
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Book Description
To-the-point information on more than 1000 diseases and disorders surgeons are most likely to encounter The leading single-source surgery book for house-staff, students, practitioners, and surgeons A Doody's Core Title for 2011! "This is an excellent source of updated, authoritative, and concise information on diseases encountered in general surgery and the surgical subspecialties of otolaryngology, urology, gynecology, orthopedics, plastic and reconstructive surgery, and pediatrics....This is a wonderful resource for all levels of surgical practitioners as well as nonsurgical practitioners. In my experience, it has provided me with a framework to prepare for both oral and written boards. 3 Stars."--Doody's Review Service Authoritative, concise, and completely up-to-date, CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment Surgery features: Wide-ranging coverage that encompasses general surgery and all the important subspecialties including otolaryngology, urology, gynecology, orthopedics, plastic and reconstructive surgery, and pediatrics References linked to recent journal articles Logical quick-find organization made even more accessible by a comprehensive index More than 600 informative photographs and illustrations Detailed treatment algorithms NEW CD-ROM with content from Quick Answers: Surgery to speed diagnosis of symptoms and signs NEW Chapter on Training, Communication, Professionalism, and Systems-Based Practice Completely rewritten chapters on Wound Healing, Anesthesia, Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, The Heart, Neurosurgery, Gynecology, and Orthopedics
Author: Chandrasen K. Sinha
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1848821328
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
Although pediatric surgery is a distinct and evolving specialty, it still remains an integral part of most general surgical and paediatric medical practice. Nevertheless, surgery in children does differ from adult practice in various fundamental ways, and there are key physiological and anatomical differences that constantly need underlining. Progress and improvement in outcome has also been rapid but it is sometimes difficult for practitioners to keep themselves up-to-date with the usual surgical or paediatric text books. This book will give a concise overview of all important topics and is designed to provide information in order to recognise the common surgical conditions; namely typical symptoms and signs, investigation and then treatment management. It will also provide an anatomical and physiological background to aid understanding, in addition to emphasising logical, and where possible, evidence-based practice by the use of flow charts, tables and algorithms. Authored by an international range of leading contributors, this is the first book of its kind to offer comprehensive coverage to this topic in a quick reference, pocket-book format.
Author: Pierre-Alain Clavien
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444356399
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1039
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Book Description
This comprehensive and critical review of current and established treatment modalities for malignant liver tumors is designed to help you sort through the proliferation of competitive approaches and choose the best treatment options for your patient. Dr. Clavien and his contributors consider all the options – radiological, surgical, pharmaceutical, and emerging/novel therapies – and help you find the best single or combined therapy. Building on the success of the previous edition, this extremely thorough revision: features a new section on Guidelines for Liver Tumors, where you will find specific strategies for treating common liver malignancies; the guidelines were prepared by the Associate Editors and take into account national and international society guidelines reflects actual practice by taking a multidisciplinary approach, with contributions from international experts who have extensive experience with this patient population achieves comprehensive and balanced coverage by having each chapter reviewed by the Editor, Deputy Editor, two Associate Editors, and at least one external reviewer includes 16 new chapters that cover liver anatomy, histologic changes in the liver, epidemiology and natural history of HCC, CCC and colorectal liver metastases, strategies of liver resection, and economic aspects as well as novel therapies facilitates the kind of daily interaction among hepatologists, hepatic surgeons, medical oncologists, radiotherapists, and interventional radiologists that is essential when treating patients with complex liver malignancies In 44 chapters organized into six major sections, the book covers the full range of liver tumors. The perfect blend of evidence and experience, Malignant Liver Tumors: Current and Emerging Therapies, 3rd Edition, illuminates the path to better patient care.
Author: Fulvio Calise
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 8847026644
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
This book intends to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date description of the newest techniques in minimally invasive liver surgery. The treatment of liver diseases comprises a significant component of the practice of any general surgeon working either in the academic, general and community hospitals. With the rapid expansion of knowledge and technology also the liver has been approached laparoscopically in a few specialized centers with well recognized advantages for the patients. Now this large amount of experience will be made universally available through this book. After a concise description of the main tools and technology necessary to carry out a safe laparoscopic and/or robot-assisted liver surgery, details of operative techniques will be illustrated. Each chapter will consist of an introduction, a summary of the indications and contraindications of specific operative procedures and a detailed description of each surgical procedure, including the potential complications of both the surgery and the postoperative care. A special effort will be done to provide informative and accurate illustrations and pictures, that will be completed by the DVD containing the movies illustrating the technical procedures performed by the leading European liver surgeons.
Author: Ho-Seong Han
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811615462
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 67
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Book Description
This atlas describes and illustrates in detail the surgical procedures employed in laparoscopic anatomical liver resection, according to tumor location. The surgical approach and techniques are explained for each type of laparoscopic liver resection based on the involved anatomical segment, section, and hemi-liver. Attention is also drawn to potential complications and the means of preventing and managing them. Beyond anatomical liver resection, guidance is provided on non-anatomical resections that do not pay regard to segmental, sectional, or lobar anatomy. The coverage is completed by the inclusion of useful information on instruments and energy devices as well as the basic skills required for laparoscopic liver resection. In presenting a clear practical approach to each laparoscopic anatomical major and minor resection, the Color Atlas of Laparoscopic Liver Resection will be an invaluable guide for trainees. In addition, it will equip more experienced surgeons with much useful information that will enable them to further improve their technique.
Author: Ashley R. Dennison
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199584176
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
A detailed but practical guide for surgeons and trainees covering the available management and operative strategies in liver and pancreas surgery, this book includes over 200 professionally drawn figures and numerous flowcharts to illustrate vital elements of the anatomy and procedures described.
Author: Jiangsheng Huang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811306680
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
This book comprehensibly describes the clinical details of anatomic hepatic resection using the Glissonean pedicle approach for hepatocellular carcinoma. It includes all aspects of the surgical anatomy of the liver, preoperative management of patients, surgical techniques, and intraoperative key points to prevent postoperative complications. The first three chapters provide a general introduction to the clinical anatomy of the liver, preoperative management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, basic techniques for hepatic resection using the Glissonean approach, and the application of dye staining in anatomic hepatic resection. Subsequent chapters present the technical details of anatomical segmentectomy (Couinaud’s classification), sectionectomy and hemi-hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma using the modified suprahilar Glissonean approach. All of these hepatectomies can be performed using simple and easily available surgical instruments. In addition, it discusses precise transection of the deepest hepatic parenchyma guided by methylene blue staining. It is a useful and timely reference for hepatobiliary surgeons, clinical staff, and medical students.
Author: Yujin Hoshida
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030215407
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current limitations and unmet needs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It also provides newly emerging concepts, approaches, and technologies to address challenges. Topics covered include changing landscape of HCC etiologies in association with health disparities, framework of clinical management algorithm, new and experimental modalities of HCC diagnosis and prognostication, multidisciplinary treatment options including rapidly evolving molecular targeted therapies and immune therapies, multi-omics molecular characterization, and clinically relevant experimental models. The book is intended to assist collaboration between the diverse disciplines and facilitate forward and reverse translation between basic and clinical research by providing a comprehensive overview of relevant areas, covering epidemiological trend and population-level patient management strategies, new diagnostic and prognostic tools, recent advances in the standard care and novel therapeutic approaches, and new concepts in pathogenesis and experimental approaches and tools, by experts and opinion leaders in their respective fields. By thoroughly and concisely covering whole aspects of HCC care, Hepatocellular Carcinoma serves as a valuable reference for multidisciplinary readers, and promotes the development of personalized precision care strategies that lead to substantial improvement of disease burden and patient prognosis in HCC.
Author: Efstathios Karamanos
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030413500
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
There are about 1,300 general surgery residency spots a year in the US alone. In addition, 20,000 medical students rotate through surgery a year. With medical students and residents routinely scrubbing into surgeries that they've never seen or have only seen a handful of times, an easy, practical, to the point, user friendly reminder of the major steps of an operation is vital. It is not uncommon to see medical students and residents watching videos or searching online frantically to understand a common operation. This book serves as a practical guide for the resident to easily carry in their pocket, quickly skim through, and have the basic steps of every major operation at their fingertips. Common Surgeries Made Easy is written in a bullet point format with clear illustrations to provide an easy to read, quick overview of the "core" surgeries encountered during residency with some added advanced operations for extended use in the beginning stages of a medical career. Geared towards quick review for the oral board exams, this study guide caters specifically to the resident.
