Surface Water Monitoring Strategy (draft) PDF Download
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Author: Cynthia S. Grafe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic biology
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Author: Cynthia S. Grafe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic biology
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Author: Atlantic Richfield Co
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hazardous waste site remediation
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Atlantic Richfield Co
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water quality
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hazardous waste site remediation
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hazardous waste site remediation
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: California Environmental Protection Agency. State Water Resources Control Board
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Indicators (Biology)
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309170702
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
Over the last 30 years, water quality management in the United States has been driven by the control of point sources of pollution and the use of effluent-based water quality standards. Under this paradigm, the quality of the nation's lakes, rivers, reservoirs, groundwater, and coastal waters has generally improved as wastewater treatment plants and industrial dischargers (point sources) have responded to regulations promulgated under authority of the 1972 Clean Water Act. These regulations have required dischargers to comply with effluent-based standards for criteria pollutants, as specified in National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits issued by the states and approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Although successful, the NPDES program has not achieved the nation's water quality goals of "fishable and swimmable" waters largely because discharges from other unregulated nonpoint sources of pollution have not been as successfully controlled. Today, pollutants such as nutrients and sediment, which are often associated with nonpoint sources and were not considered criteria pollutants in the Clean Water Act, are jeopardizing water quality, as are habitat destruction, changes in flow regimes, and introduction of exotic species. This array of challenges has shifted the focus of water quality management from effluent-based to ambient- based water quality standards. Given the most recent lists of impaired waters submitted to EPA, there are about 21,000 polluted river segments, lakes, and estuaries making up over 300,000 river and shore miles and 5 million lake acres. The number of TMDLs required for these impaired waters is greater than 40,000. Under the 1992 EPA guidance or the terms of lawsuit settlements, most states are required to meet an 8- to 13-year deadline for completion of TMDLs. Budget requirements for the program are staggering as well, with most states claiming that they do not have the personnel and financial resources necessary to assess the condition of their waters, to list waters on 303d, and to develop TMDLs. A March 2000 report of the General Accounting Office (GAO) highlighted the pervasive lack of data at the state level available to set water quality standards, to determine what waters are impaired, and to develop TMDLs. This report represents the consensus opinion of the eight-member NRC committee assembled to complete this task. The committee met three times during a three-month period and heard the testimony of over 40 interested organizations and stakeholder groups. The NRC committee feels that the data and science have progressed sufficiently over the past 35 years to support the nation's return to ambient-based water quality management. Given reasonable expectations for data availability and the inevitable limits on our conceptual understanding of complex systems, statements about the science behind water quality management must be made with acknowledgment of uncertainties. This report explains that there are creative ways to accommodate this uncertainty while moving forward in addressing the nation's water quality challenges.
Author: Jamie Bartram
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000101606
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Water quality monitoring is an essential tool in the management of water resources and this book comprehensively covers the entire monitoring operation. This important text is the outcome of a collborative programme of activity between UNEP and WHO with inputs from WMO and UNESCO and draws on the international standards of the International Organization of Standardization.
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
