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Author: Md. Khalid Hossain
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atoms
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this dissertation we explore superfluid dynamics in ultracold atomic gasses using density functional theories. In particular, we present three manuscripts discussing physics in a turbulent unitary Fermi gas, a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate, and a mixture of superfluid Fermi and Bose gases. These applications use cold atoms as quantum simulators for less intractable systems, in particular phenomenon related to nuclear astrophysics such as, pulsar glitches. In one of the manuscripts we propose an experimental protocol using a Fermi-Bose mixture to detect superfluid entrainment, important in explaining glitches in pulsar rotations-sudden increase in the rotation rate. If implemented, this will be the first direct detection of entrainment. In addition to entrainment, quantum turbulence is most likely an important part of pulsar glitches. To understand the dynamics in the turbulent region we simulate the time evolution of a vortex tangle in a rotating unitary Fermi gas in another manuscript. Using our simulations, we have been able to characterize two different vortex tangle decay mechanisms mediated by inter-vortex interactions and interactions with the trap boundary. Finally, in a third manuscript, we explore the effect of a synthetic spin-orbit coupling on the expansion dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate and identify the role of modified dispersion relation and negative-mass hydro- dynamics on the phenomenon of self-trapping primarily observed in optical lattices. This demonstrates how cold atoms can be used to adjust properties like dispersion relations which ultimately might allow us manipulate properties such as the effective viscosity in a turbulent superfluid, so that we can simulate neutron star pulsars.
Author: Md. Khalid Hossain
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atoms
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this dissertation we explore superfluid dynamics in ultracold atomic gasses using density functional theories. In particular, we present three manuscripts discussing physics in a turbulent unitary Fermi gas, a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate, and a mixture of superfluid Fermi and Bose gases. These applications use cold atoms as quantum simulators for less intractable systems, in particular phenomenon related to nuclear astrophysics such as, pulsar glitches. In one of the manuscripts we propose an experimental protocol using a Fermi-Bose mixture to detect superfluid entrainment, important in explaining glitches in pulsar rotations-sudden increase in the rotation rate. If implemented, this will be the first direct detection of entrainment. In addition to entrainment, quantum turbulence is most likely an important part of pulsar glitches. To understand the dynamics in the turbulent region we simulate the time evolution of a vortex tangle in a rotating unitary Fermi gas in another manuscript. Using our simulations, we have been able to characterize two different vortex tangle decay mechanisms mediated by inter-vortex interactions and interactions with the trap boundary. Finally, in a third manuscript, we explore the effect of a synthetic spin-orbit coupling on the expansion dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate and identify the role of modified dispersion relation and negative-mass hydro- dynamics on the phenomenon of self-trapping primarily observed in optical lattices. This demonstrates how cold atoms can be used to adjust properties like dispersion relations which ultimately might allow us manipulate properties such as the effective viscosity in a turbulent superfluid, so that we can simulate neutron star pulsars.
Author: Maciej Lewenstein
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191627437
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
Quantum computers, though not yet available on the market, will revolutionize the future of information processing. Quantum computers for special purposes like quantum simulators are already within reach. The physics of ultracold atoms, ions and molecules offer unprecedented possibilities of control of quantum many body systems and novel possibilities of applications to quantum information processing and quantum metrology. Particularly fascinating is the possibility of using ultracold atoms in lattices to simulate condensed matter or even high energy physics. This book provides a complete and comprehensive overview of ultracold lattice gases as quantum simulators. It opens up an interdisciplinary field involving atomic, molecular and optical physics, quantum optics, quantum information, condensed matter and high energy physics. The book includes some introductory chapters on basic concepts and methods, and then focuses on the physics of spinor, dipolar, disordered, and frustrated lattice gases. It reviews in detail the physics of artificial lattice gauge fields with ultracold gases. The last part of the book covers simulators of quantum computers. After a brief course in quantum information theory, the implementations of quantum computation with ultracold gases are discussed, as well as our current understanding of condensed matter from a quantum information perspective.
Author: Kazuma Nagao
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811571716
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
This book discusses non-equilibrium quantum many-body dynamics, recently explored in an analog quantum simulator of strongly correlated ultracold atoms. The first part presents a field-theoretical analysis of the experimental observability of the Higgs amplitude mode that emerges as a relativistic collective excitation near a quantum phase transition of superfluid Bose gases in an optical lattice potential. The author presents the dynamical susceptibilities to external driving of the microscopic parameters, taking into account a leading-order perturbative correction from quantum and thermal fluctuations and shows clear signatures of the Higgs mode in these observables. This is the first result that strongly supports the stability of the Higgs mode in three-dimensional optical lattices even in the presence of a spatially inhomogeneous confinement potential and paves the way for desktop observations of the Higgs mode. In the second part, the author applies the semi-classical truncated-Wigner approximation (TWA) to far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics. Specifically, he considers the recent experiments on quantum-quench dynamics in a Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator. A direct comparison shows remarkable agreement between the numerical results from TWA and the experimental data. This result clearly indicates the potential of such a semi-classical approach in reliably simulating many-body systems using classical computers. The book also includes several chapters providing comprehensive reviews of the recent studies on cold-atomic quantum simulation and various theoretical methods, including the Schwinger-boson approach in strongly correlated systems and the phase-space semi-classical method for far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics. These chapters are highly recommended to students and young researchers who are interested in semi-classical approaches in non-equilibrium quantum dynamics.
Author: Sebastian Will
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642336337
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
This thesis explores ultracold quantum gases of bosonic and fermionic atoms in optical lattices. The highly controllable experimental setting discussed in this work, has opened the door to new insights into static and dynamical properties of ultracold quantum matter. One of the highlights reported here is the development and application of a novel time-resolved spectroscopy technique for quantum many-body systems. By following the dynamical evolution of a many-body system after a quantum quench, the author shows how the important energy scales of the underlying Hamiltonian can be measured with high precision. This achievement, its application, and many other exciting results make this thesis of interest to a broad audience ranging from quantum optics to condensed matter physics. A lucid style of writing accompanied by a series of excellent figures make the work accessible to readers outside the rapidly growing research field of ultracold atoms.
Author: Dimitris G. Angelakis
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319520253
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
This book reviews progress towards quantum simulators based on photonic and hybrid light-matter systems, covering theoretical proposals and recent experimental work. Quantum simulators are specially designed quantum computers. Their main aim is to simulate and understand complex and inaccessible quantum many-body phenomena found or predicted in condensed matter physics, materials science and exotic quantum field theories. Applications will include the engineering of smart materials, robust optical or electronic circuits, deciphering quantum chemistry and even the design of drugs. Technological developments in the fields of interfacing light and matter, especially in many-body quantum optics, have motivated recent proposals for quantum simulators based on strongly correlated photons and polaritons generated in hybrid light-matter systems. The latter have complementary strengths to cold atom and ion based simulators and they can probe for example out of equilibrium phenomena in a natural driven-dissipative setting. This book covers some of the most important works in this area reviewing the proposal for Mott transitions and Luttinger liquid physics with light, to simulating interacting relativistic theories, topological insulators and gauge field physics. The stage of the field now is at a point where on top of the numerous theory proposals; experiments are also reported. Connecting to the theory proposals presented in the chapters, the main experimental quantum technology platforms developed from groups worldwide to realize photonic and polaritonic simulators in the laboratory are also discussed. These include coupled microwave resonator arrays in superconducting circuits, semiconductor based polariton systems, and integrated quantum photonic chips. This is the first book dedicated to photonic approaches to quantum simulation, reviewing the fundamentals for the researcher new to the field, and providing a complete reference for the graduate student starting or already undergoing PhD studies in this area.
Author: Bhuvanesh Sundar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Advances in experiments on dilute ultracold atomic gases have given us access to highly tunable quantum systems. In particular, there have been substantial improvements in achieving different kinds of interaction between atoms. As a result, utracold atomic gases oer an ideal platform to simulate many-body phenomena in condensed matter physics, and engineer other novel phenomena that are a result of the exotic interactions produced between atoms. In this dissertation, I present a series of studies that explore the physics of dilute ultracold atomic gases in different settings. In each setting, I explore a different form of the inter-particle interaction. Motivated by experiments which induce artificial spin-orbit coupling for cold fermions, I explore this system in my first project. In this project, I propose a method to perform universal quantum computation using the excitations of interacting spin-orbit coupled fermions, in which effective p-wave interactions lead to the formation of a topological superfluid. Motivated by experiments which explore the physics of exotic interactions between atoms trapped inside optical cavities, I explore this system in a second project. I calculate the phase diagram of lattice bosons trapped in an optical cavity, where the cavity modes mediates effective global range checkerboard interactions between the atoms. I compare this phase diagram with one that was recently measured experimentally. In two other projects, I explore quantum simulation of condensed matter phenomena due to spin-dependent interactions between particles. I propose a method to produce tunable spin-dependent interactions between atoms, using an optical Feshbach resonance. In one project, I use these spin-dependent interactions in an ultracold Bose-Fermi system, and propose a method to produce the Kondo model. I propose an experiment to directly observe the Kondo effect in this system. In another project, I propose using lattice bosons with a large hyperfine spin, which have Feshbach-induced spin-dependent interactions, to produce a quantum dimer model. I propose an experiment to detect the ground state in this system. In a final project, I develop tools to simulate the dynamics of fermionic superfluids in which fermions interact via a short-range interaction.
Author: Robert J. Lewis-Swan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319410482
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
This thesis presents a theoretical investigation into the creation and exploitation of quantum correlations and entanglement among ultracold atoms. Specifically, it focuses on these non-classical effects in two contexts: (i) tests of local realism with massive particles, e.g., violations of a Bell inequality and the EPR paradox, and (ii) realization of quantum technology by exploitation of entanglement, for example quantum-enhanced metrology. In particular, the work presented in this thesis emphasizes the possibility of demonstrating and characterizing entanglement in realistic experiments, beyond the simple “toy-models” often discussed in the literature. The importance and relevance of this thesis are reflected in a spate of recent publications regarding experimental demonstrations of the atomic Hong-Ou-Mandel effect, observation of EPR entanglement with massive particles and a demonstration of an atomic SU(1,1) interferometer. With a separate chapter on each of these systems, this thesis is at the forefront of current research in ultracold atomic physics.
Author: Mario G Rasetti
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814513962
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
This collection of articles provides authoritative and up-to-date reviews on the Hubbard Model. It will be useful to graduate students and researchers in the field.
Author: Manuel Endres
Publisher: Springer Science & Business
ISBN: 3319057537
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
How much knowledge can we gain about a physical system and to what degree can we control it? In quantum optical systems, such as ion traps or neutral atoms in cavities, single particles and their correlations can now be probed in a way that is fundamentally limited only by the laws of quantum mechanics. In contrast, quantum many-body systems pose entirely new challenges due to the enormous number of microscopic parameters and their small length- and short time-scales. This thesis describes a new approach to probing quantum many-body systems at the level of individual particles: Using high-resolution, single-particle-resolved imaging and manipulation of strongly correlated atoms, single atoms can be detected and manipulated due to the large length and time-scales and the precise control of internal degrees of freedom. Such techniques lay stepping stones for the experimental exploration of new quantum many-body phenomena and applications thereof, such as quantum simulation and quantum information, through the design of systems at the microscopic scale and the measurement of previously inaccessible observables.
Author: Dominik Hangleiter
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030872165
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 153
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Book Description
This book presents fresh insights into analogue quantum simulation. It argues that these simulations are a new instrument of science. They require a bespoke philosophical analysis, sensitive to both the similarities to and the differences with conventional scientific practices such as analogical argument, experimentation, and classical simulation. The analysis situates the various forms of analogue quantum simulation on the methodological map of modern science. In doing so, it clarifies the functions that analogue quantum simulation serves in scientific practice. To this end, the authors introduce a number of important terminological distinctions. They establish that analogue quantum ‘computation' and ‘emulation' are distinct scientific practices and lead to distinct forms of scientific understanding. The authors also demonstrate the normative value of the computation vs. emulation distinction at both an epistemic and a pragmatic level. The volume features a range of detailed case studies focusing on: i) cold atom computation of many-body localisation and the Higgs mode; ii) photonic emulation of quantum effects in biological systems; and iii) emulation of Hawing radiation in dispersive optical media. Overall, readers will discover a normative framework to isolate and support the goals of scientists undertaking analogue quantum simulation and emulation. This framework will prove useful to both working scientists and philosophers of science interested in cutting-edge scientific practice.
