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Author: Carlos A R Sa De Melo
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814496472
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
This volume is an exciting collection of short review articles written by leading international experts on the superconducting state in magnetic fields, a rapidly developing area. The philosophy of the book is to emphasize the importance of having experimental and theoretical works side by side. Every effort has been made to match each experimental article with a corresponding theoretical article. The selection of materials includes special topics, new effects and new trends concerning superconductors in low and high magnetic fields. The special topics and new trends include quantum and classical melting of the vortex lattice, new vortex lattice symmetries, vortex core states, nonlinear Meissner effect, symmetry of the order parameter in high-temperature superconductors, and superconductors in high magnetic fields. The book is targeted at a broad audience, including graduate students, postdocs and other researchers active or interested in this field.
Author: Carlos A. R. Sa de Melo
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9789810235666
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
This volume is an exciting collection of short review articles written by leading international experts on the superconducting state in magnetic fields, a rapidly developing area. The philosophy of the book is to emphasize the importance of having experimental and theoretical works side by side. Every effort has been made to match each experimental article with a corresponding theoretical article. The selection of materials includes special topics, new effects and new trends concerning superconductors in low and high magnetic fields. The special topics and new trends include quantum and classical melting of the vortex lattice, new vortex lattice symmetries, vortex core states, nonlinear Meissner effect, symmetry of the order parameter in high-temperature superconductors, and superconductors in high magnetic fields. The book is targeted at a broad audience, including graduate students, postdocs and other researchers active or interested in this field.
Author: Carlos A R Sa De Melo
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814496472
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 339
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume is an exciting collection of short review articles written by leading international experts on the superconducting state in magnetic fields, a rapidly developing area. The philosophy of the book is to emphasize the importance of having experimental and theoretical works side by side. Every effort has been made to match each experimental article with a corresponding theoretical article. The selection of materials includes special topics, new effects and new trends concerning superconductors in low and high magnetic fields. The special topics and new trends include quantum and classical melting of the vortex lattice, new vortex lattice symmetries, vortex core states, nonlinear Meissner effect, symmetry of the order parameter in high-temperature superconductors, and superconductors in high magnetic fields. The book is targeted at a broad audience, including graduate students, postdocs and other researchers active or interested in this field.
Author: Lannie K. Tran
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781594548451
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Superconductivity is the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance and extremely low losses. High temperature superconductors, such as La2-xSrxCuOx (Tc=40K) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (Tc=90K), were discovered in 1987 and have been actively studied since. In spite of an intense, world-wide, research effort during this time, a complete understanding of the copper oxide (cuprate) materials is still lacking. Many fundamental questions are unanswered, particularly the mechanism by which high-Tc superconductivity occurs. More broadly, the cuprates are in a class of solids with strong electron-electron interactions. An understanding of such "strongly correlated" solids is perhaps the major unsolved problem of condensed matter physics with over ten thousand researchers working on this topic. High-Tc superconductors also have significant potential for applications in technologies ranging from electric power generation and transmission to digital electronics. This ability to carry large amounts of current can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators, and to electricity transmission in power lines. For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the amount of electricity of ordinary copper or aluminium wires of the same size. Many universities, research institutes and companies are working to develop high-Tc superconductivity applications and considerable progress has been made. This volume brings together new leading-edge research in the field.
Author: L C Gupta
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814505129
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 684
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Book Description
Contents:The First Five Years of High-Tc Superconductivity (K A Müller)Different Factors which Govern the Optimisation of High-Tc Superconductive Cuprates Involving Bi-, Tl or Pb (B Raveau, M Hervieu, C Michel, J Provost, A Maignan, C Simon & D Groult)Superconductivity in Cuprates and Other Oxides (H R Ott)Organic Superconductors with Tc Higher than 10K (T Ishiguro & Y Nogami)Fundamentals of RVB Theory and Some Applications to High Temperature Superconductors (G Baskaran)Anyons and Superconductivity (S Das Sarma)Mott Transition in the Hubbard Model (B S Shastry)Superconducting Pairing in Layered Superconductors (S S Jha)Breaking the Log-Jam in Many-Body Physics: Fermi Surfaces Without Fermi Liquids (P W Anderson)Superconductivity in High Magnetic Fields from a Microscopic Theory (A K Rajagopal)Nonequilibrium Superconductivity (R Tidecks)Neutron Scattering Study of the High-Tc Superconducting System YBa2Cu3O6+x (J Rossat-Mignod et al.)Crystal-Field Excitations in High-Tc Superconducting Materials (A Furrer)Superconducting Granular Films (S-I Kobayashi)Transport Properties in the Mixed State of High Temperature Superconductors (A Freimuth)Physics of Josephson Effect and Recent Advances (A Barone & S Pagano)Tunneling Spectroscopy of Copper Oxide Superconductors (T Ekino & J Akimitsu)Superconductivity and Magnetism in Heavy-Fermion Compounds (F Steglich, U Ahlheim, C D Bredl, C Geibel, M Lang, A Loidl & G Sparn)Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies in Highly Correlated Systems: Heavy Fermion and High-Tc Superconductors (K Asayama)Pulsed Laser and Cylindrical Magnetron Sputter Deposition of Epitaxial Metal Oxide Thin Films (T Venkatesan et al.) Readership: Physicists, chemists and engineers. keywords:
Author: Alexander Gabovich
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535121332
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
The chapters included in the book describe recent developments in the field of superconductivity. The book deals with both the experiment and the theory. Superconducting and normal-state properties are studied by various methods. The authors presented investigations of traditional and new materials. In particular, studies of oxides, pnictides, chalcogenides and intermetallic compounds are included. The superconducting order parameter symmetry is discussed and consequences of its actual non-conventional symmetry are studied. Impurity and tunneling effects (both quasiparticle and Josephson ones) are among topics covered in the chapters. Special attention is paid to the competition between superconductivity and other instabilities, which lead to the Fermi surface gapping.
Author: Israel D. Vagner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401002215
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 343
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Book Description
A comprehensive collection of papers on theoretical aspects of electronic processes in simple and synthetic metals, superconductors, bulk and low-dimensional semiconductors under extreme conditions, such as high magnetic and electric fields, low and ultra-low temperatures. The main emphasis is on low-dimensional conductors and superconductors, where correlated electrons, interacting with magnetic or nonmagnetic impurities, phonons, photons, or nuclear spins, result in a variety of new physical phenomena, such as quantum oscillations in the superconducting state, Condon instability, Skyrmions and composite fermions in quantum Hall effect systems, and hyperfine field-induced mesoscopic and nanoscopic phenomena. Several new experimental achievements are reported that promise to delineate future trends in low temperature and high magnetic field physics, including the experimental observation of the interplay between superconductivity and nuclear spin ordering at ultra-low temperatures, new observations of Condon domains in normal metals, and an experimental proposal for the realisation of isotopically engineered, semiconductor-based spin-qubit elements for future quantum computation and communication technology.
Author: Krityunjai Prasad Sinha
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
In eight chapters (several quite brief) the authors review for the benefit of professional peers the theoretical/experimental status of the topic to which their title refers, with emphasis on its relation to high-temperature superconductivity. Includes glossary and thirteen pages of references. Prod
Author: Yukikazu Iwasa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387098003
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 717
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Book Description
The 2nd edition emphasizes two areas not emphasized in the 1st edition: 1) high-temperature superconductor (HTS) magnets; 2) NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) magnets. Despite nearly 40 years of R and D on superconducting magnet technology, most areas, notably fusion and electric power applications, are still in the R and D stage. One exception is in the area of NMR and MRI. NMR magnets are very popular among chemists, biologists, genome scientists, and most of all, by drug manufacturers for drug discovery and development. MRI and NMR magnets have become the most successful application of superconducting magnet technology and this trend should continue. The 2nd edition will have new materials never treated formally in any other book of this kind. As with the 1st, most subjects will be presented through problem format to educate and train the designer.
Author: Frank J. Owens
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306470829
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
In 1987 a major breakthrough occurred in materials science. A new family of materials was discovered that became superconducting above the temperature at which nitrogen gas liquifies, namely, 77 K or –196°C. Within months of the discovery, a wide variety of experimental techniques were brought to bear in order to measure the properties of these materials and to gain an understanding of why they superconduct at such high temperatures. Among the techniques used were electromagnetic absorption in both the normal and the superconducting states. The measurements enabled the determination of a wide variety of properties, and in some instances led to the observation of new effects not seen by other measu- ments, such as the existence of weak-link microwave absorption at low dc magnetic fields. The number of different properties and the degree of detail that can be obtained from magnetic field- and temperature-dependent studies of electromagnetic abso- tion are not widely appreciated. For example, these measurements can provide information on the band gap, critical fields, the H–T irreversibility line, the amount of trapped flux, and even information about the symmetry of the wave function of the Cooper pairs. It is possible to use low dc magnetic field-induced absorption of microwaves with derivative detection to verify the presence of superconductivity in a matter of minutes, and the measurements are often more straightforward than others. For example, they do not require the physical contact with the sample that is necessary when using four-probe resistivity to detect superconductivity.
Author: H. Jeffrey Gardner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Low temperatures
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
ABSTRACT: This dissertation describes several studies of superconducting phenomena in two dimensions. We have investigated the superconductor:insulator quantum phase transitions (SITs) tuned by several parameters, namely disorder (d), magnetic field (B), and magnetic impurities (MI). The films have been examined through electrical transport measurements and tunneling spectroscopy. Our experiments are carried out in a unique experimental setup which has allowed us to study these three SITs in situ on the same sample. There are two major theoretical frameworks to describe the superconductor:insulator transitions. One theory calls for a transition from a superconductor to a fermionic insulator. The other points to an bosonic insulator with localized Cooper pairs and itinerant vortices. Our experimental capabilities let us make direct comparisons of the SITs and comment on the nature of transition. We consider the MI:tuned SIT a canonical example of an SIT in the fermionic framework. The resistive transitions in the superconducting state are sharp, the phase boundary is well defined, and the insulating state shows weakly insulating behavior. The B:tuned SIT is representative of a bosonic SIT. In this case, the resistive transitions broaden as magnetic field strength is increased and there is no distinct boundary between the superconducting and insulating phases. Transport reveals a likely activated behavior just on the insulating side of the transition indicative of localized superconductivity. At higher magnetic fields, the temperature dependence weakens, possibly to logarithmic, signaling a break up of Cooper pairs into single electrons. Direct evidence of localized Cooper pairs comes via tunneling spectroscopy measurements on d:tuned granular films where full, bulk superconducting energy gaps are measured in the global insulating state. We have performed transport and tunneling spectroscopy measurements of the d:tuned SIT on amorphous Pb films. The transport behavior is qualitatively similar to what we observed for the MI:tuned SIT. We will also show that our observations of the B:tuned SIT on amorphous Pb films are analogous to the d:tuned SIT on granular films. One goal of our studies was to use tunneling spectroscopy to probe the nature of the insulating states of the d:tuned and MI:tuned SITs. We were only able to complete preliminary measurements on the d:tuned transition, however they are consistent with previous experiments in which increasing disorder leads to a decrease of TC and a concomitant suppression of the normal state density of state (DOS). Our in:house designed and fabricated sample rotation system affords us the opportunity to study the same sample in both perpendicular and parallel magnetic field orientations in situ without breaking vacuum. This capability led us to the observation of parallel magnetic field enhanced superconductivity in amorphous Pb films and the 2:D electron gas at the heteroepitaxial interface of the band insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3. We found that the mean field TC of the a:Pb films can be enhanced by as much as 13% above the zero:field value. A qualitatively similar field:enhancement effect has been observed in the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfacial superconductor. Moreover, our experiments show the field:enhancement is strongly dependent on the film thickness and magnetic impurity concentration. Clearly, the Bardeen Cooper Schrieffer (BCS) and Ginzburg:Landau (GL) theories of superconductivity do not contain the physics which would account for field:enhanced superconductivity. Presently, we do not have a complete theoretical understanding of the enhancement effect. However, our experimental results have placed significant constraints on any viable theoretical model. In this dissertation, several theoretical explanations of parallel field:enhanced superconductivity are discussed and compared with our observations.
