Author: Malcolm Coulthard
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933400
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
The book explores ways in which the formal methods of linguistics can cast light on the structure of verbal interaction, and in particular considers how successive utterances cohere together in continuous spoken discourse. Beginning with an earlier model of discourse analysis elaborated to deal with teacher-pupil interaction in the classroom, it then reviews attempts to extend this model to a variety of discourses such as committee talk, doctor-patient interviews, broadcast discussions and the monologue of lectures. The extension of the original model to other situations has prompted a number of innovations and additional insights which are expounded in a series of contributions linked by complimentary themes. There are contributions on the role of intonation and of kinetics in discourse analysis; explorations of the problems of the analytic category ‘sentence’ and of the problems raised by casual conversation; and there is extended discussion of the structural properties underlying exchanges of utterances. The book moves easily between data and theory, forming a unified whole. It sums up a continuing and lively debate within a common tradition of discourse analysis and may well serve as a programmatic statement for future work in the field.
Author: Martin Ball
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933389
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 285
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Book Description
The rapid increase of interest in disordered speech and language among linguists over the past decade or so has resulted in many books of practical help to speech pathologists in terms of assessment and remediation. Little, however, has appeared to examine the theoretical implications of the interaction between these two fields. This book aims to fill this gap, by showing how speech pathology can inform linguistic theory and vice versa.
Author: Leo Hickey
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933559
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
In the general area of style study or stylistics there is no shortage of ideas, definitions or published works. It is hoped, in the present volume, to contribute to the prosperity of the discipline mainly by clarifying and exemplifying how pragmatic considerations may be relevant to any study of style, in the conviction that pragmastylistics is more interesting and useful than stylistics on its own. The starting point must be a brief survey of the definitions and style and stylistics. The very form of the latter term suggests a scientific and orderly, rather than an intuitive or impressionistic, investigation of style. There are two separate levels of study: one, a general, methodical and scientific discipline; the other, an application of its methods or postulates to the analysis of the ‘style’ of a specific utterance, text, speaker, writer, movement or period. It is clear that, in order to approach either, we must first attempt to understand style.
Author: Mira Ariel
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933834
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
Accessing Noun-Phrase Antecedents offers a radical shift in the analysis of discourse anaphora, from a purely pragmatic account to a cognitive account, in terms of processing procedures. Mira Ariel defines referring expressions as markers signalling the degree of Accessibility in memory of the antecedent. The notion of Accessibility is explicitly defined, the crucial factors being the Salience of the antecedent, and the Unity between the antecedent and the anaphor. This analysis yields an astonishing array of new results. The precise distribution of referring expressions in actual discourse is directly predicted. Several universals of anaphoric relations are stated. Thus, although not all languages necessarily have the same markers, and nor do they assign them precisely the same function, Ariel shows that they all obey the same Accessibility marking hierarchy. This book will be compulsory reading for anyone with an interest in the semantics and pragmatics of referring expressions, in the interaction of semantics and pragmatics, and more generally in the interaction between peripheral and central cognitive systems.
Author: Antonio Bova
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832556248
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
This Research Topic is the third volume of Research Topic "Discourse, Conversation and Argumentation: Theoretical Perspectives and Innovative Empirical Studies". Please, see the second volume here. Also, please see the first volume here. As members of a social world within which interaction needs and communicative tools are intertwined in a series of situated relationships, interactions between individuals, but also between groups and between institutions, emerges from the beginning of life. Thinking about how we participate in an interaction, through verbal and non-verbal exchanges, allows us to focus on explicit and implicit norms, on personal and collective preferences, on subjective and interpersonal theories, and on social processes of construction of meaning that characterize the communicative interactions. Although discursive, conversational, and argumentative interactions play an essential role in our lives, there is no integrated area of psychological research on these types of communicative interactions. A wide variety of works is available concerning the focus on the different roles played by social actors within the interactions (symmetric-asymmetric, protagonist-antagonist, teacher-learner), as well as the interest for the constitutive aspects of the interactions (emotional, motivational, cognitive) or developmental factors (skills, competences, knowledge). However, research on discourse, conversation, and argumentation is conducted in a number of separate research communities that are spread across disciplines and have only limited intertwinement. We believe as necessary to create a space for open dialogue within the community of researchers interested in discourse, conversation, and argumentation from a psychological perspective.
Author: Michael Barlow
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933443
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
Typical cases of agreement are easy to identify, but where the boundaries of agreement lie depend on what aspects of the agreement relation are considered to be defining properties. It is a short step from viewing agreement in the traditional way, as a matching of features, to defining agreement as any relation that ensures consistency of information in two separate structures. This book takes as its topic agreement as it is traditionally conceived, one that only involves morphosyntactic categories.
Author: Russell S Tomlin
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933796
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
This book examines the frequencies of the six possible basic word (or constituent) orders (SOV, SVO, VSO, VOS, OSV, OVS) provides a typologically grounded explanation for those frequencies in terms of three independent, functional principles of linguistic organization. From a database of nearly 1,000 languages and their basic constituent orders, a sample of 400 languages was produced that is statistically representative of both the genetic and areal distributions of the world’s languages. This sample reveals the following relative frequencies (in order from high to low) of basic constituent order types: (1) SOV and SVO, (2) VSO, (3) VOS and OVS, (4) OSV. It is argued that these relative frequencies can be explained to be the result of the possible interactions of three fundamental functional principles of linguistic organization. Principle 1, the thematic information principle, specifies that initial position is the cross-linguistically favoured position for clause-level thematic information. Principle 2, the verb-object bonding principle, describes the cross-linguistic tendency for a transitive verb and its object to form a more tightly integrated unit, syntactically and semantically, than does a transitive verb and its subject. Principle 3, the animated principle, describes the cross-linguistic tendency for semantic arguments which are either more animate or more agentive to occur earlier in the clause. Each principle is motivated independently of the others, drawing on cross-linguistic data from more than 80 genetically and typologically diverse languages. Given these three independently motivated functional principles, it is argued that the relative frequency of basic constituent order types is due to the tendency for the three principles to be maximally realized in the world’s languages. SOV and SVO languages are typologically most frequent because such basic orders reflect all three principles. The remaining orders occur less frequently because they reflect fewer of the principles. The 1,000-language database and the genetic and areal classification frames are published as appendices to the volume.
Author: David L. Waltz
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933508
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
Natural language understanding is central to the goals of artificial intelligence. Any truly intelligent machine must be capable of carrying on a conversation: dialogue, particularly clarification dialogue, is essential if we are to avoid disasters caused by the misunderstanding of the intelligent interactive systems of the future. This book is an interim report on the grand enterprise of devising a machine that can use natural language as fluently as a human. What has really been achieved since this goal was first formulated in Turing’s famous test? What obstacles still need to be overcome?
Author: David McNeill
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134740972
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
In this volume, the author deals explicitly and literally with the speech-thought relationship. Departing boldly from contemporary linguistic and psycholinguistic thinking, the author offers us one of the truly serious efforts since Vygotsky to deal with this question. A unifying theme is the organization of action, and speech is seen as growing out of sensory-motor representations that are simultaneously part of meaning and part of action.
Author: Si Fan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9463005242
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
What is Next in Educational Research? enables the reader to peek into research at the forefront of a diverse range of education fields as it is being conducted by beginning researchers. The book illustrates the extensive range of research being undertaken in education through a broad range of issues, topics and methodologies that will underpin and provoke research well into the future. The five sections address a range of topics, including: issues in design and methodology, social integration, language education, leadership, and issues in contemporary education. Each chapter makes a valuable contribution to existing educational research, and is a testament to the potential of these researchers to lead innovative educational research projects. Both higher degree by research students and their supervisors will find this book particularly useful and interesting as it provides examples of quality research higher degree writing, illustrates a variety of contemporary methodologies, and supports the early publication of student work.
