Author: W. Ernest Hsu
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781530376018
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
There are many types of structural composite lumber (SCLs) commercially available now, and some new SCLs may come on stream in the near future. The SCLs that have prevailed in North America can be exemplified by glue-laminated timber (glulam), laminated veneer lumber (LVL), parallel strand lumber (PSL), and oriented strand lumber (OSL) or laminated strand lumber (LSL). Of these, glulam, LVL, and PSL are in mature stages, while OSL and LSL are still in their infant stages. The growing market potential of LSL is high because the LSL manufacturing technology can be further improved, particularly as its strand orientator (aka orienter) is substantially improved. Consequently, the production cost of LSL can be reduced and product properties can be enhanced. In general, different types of SCLs can be engineered to meet structural performance. The manufacture of SCL relies heavily on experience rather than the laws of science. Unfortunately, some experiences are biased because they are drawn from the manipulation of one or two variables without consideration of possible interactions with other factors. As a result, many SCL manufacturers have experienced start-up and growing pains in trying to engineer and produce low-cost products for specific applications while maximizing their profit. Nevertheless, the SCL industry has cumulatively amassed a lot of experiences and knowledge about manufacturing quality SCL. These experiences and knowledge are transferable, and any new SCL manufacturers can learn from these experiences and knowledge so that they need not make similar mistakes and go through similar start-up and growing pains as established manufacturers have already experienced. Nearly any new mill will have the same, or similar, equipment and processes as are used in existing mills manufacturing the same type of SCL. New manufacturers often learn from the experiences of the existing mills, both good and bad. However, it is essential to avoid experiencing the same problems encountered by the established mills. Otherwise, new SCL mills will fail to have a competitive edge over existing mills. One of my objectives in writing this book is to provide comprehensive information on the basics of SCL manufacturing. Another objective is to share my knowledge about SCL, experiences in research and development of SCLs, and practical experiences in the field. Hopefully, this book will help new manufacturers not make the same mistakes as established manufacturers, as well as assist established manufacturers with getting rid of bad practices. Although most of the basic information and knowledge of manufacturing different SCLs in this book can be found in existing published reports and books, this is probably the first book focused on SCL that covers the gamut of SCL manufacturing issues, including raw materials, equipment, processes, manufacturing parameters, challenges, and solutions for various kinds of SCL manufacturers. I have also attempted to highlight the important avenues necessary to make quality products at minimal production costs, and given my own thoughts of further improvement in product quality, processes and equipment.
Author: K O Niska
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1845694570
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 383
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Book Description
Wood-polymer composites (WPC) are materials in which wood is impregnated with monomers that are then polymerised in the wood to tailor the material for special applications. The resulting properties of these materials, from lightness and enhanced mechanical properties to greater sustainability, has meant a growing number of applications in such areas as building, construction and automotive engineering. This important book reviews the manufacture of wood-polymer composites, how their properties can be assessed and improved and their range of uses.After an introductory chapter, the book reviews key aspects of manufacture, including raw materials, manufacturing technologies and interactions between wood and synthetic polymers. Building on this foundation, the following group of chapters discusses mechanical and other properties such as durability, creep behaviour and processing performance. The book concludes by looking at orientated wood-polymer composites, wood-polymer composite foams, at ways of assessing performance and at the range of current and future applications.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Wood-polymer composites is a valuable reference for all those using and studying these important materials. Provides a comprehensive survey of major new developments in wood-polymer composites Reviews the key aspects of manufacture, including raw materials and manufacturing technologies Discusses properties such as durability, creep behaviour and processing performance
Author: Eric R. Dancer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Laminated wood
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Book Description
The objective of this study is to complete life cycle inventories (LCI) for laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and composite I-joist (I-joist) production in the two main forest products producing regions in the U.S., the Pacific Northwest (PNW) and Southeast (SE). LVL and I-joists are composite wood building materials that are commonly used for residential and light commercial construction. LVL is used as a replacement for structural lumber and is made from wood veneer. I-joists are most commonly used as replacements for structural lumber in floor and roof systems. The primary objective of the LCI is to gather data to measure all aspects of the material, energy, and emissions inputs and outputs (Tibor, 1996). The LCI's were completed using SimaPro version 5.0.9 LCl/LCA software which is written by Pre' Consultants B.V. The LCI's were generated from both primary surveys, which were completed by the product manufacturers, and secondary data from external sources. These sources included, the United States Department of Energy (USDOE), The Franklin Associates (FAL), ATHENATM (ATHENA, 1997). The LCI data is being compiled for the Consortium for Research on Renewable Industrial Materials (CORRIM). The inputs in the LCI analysis include wood inputs, fuel, energy, electricity, and resin. Outputs include the finished product as well as co-products and all air, land, and water emissions. The LCI data from all phases of the wood products industry will be compiled into a life cycle assessment (LCA) for the larger CORRIM project. The primary research data was obtained from manufacturing facilities in each region representing a significant portion of the total production for each region. Additional work was done to complete a carbon balance, cost analysis, and scenario analyses for production in each region. The results of this data will be used to evaluate the environmental performance of producing these products in each region. Special emphasis is placed on areas within the production process that have the largest impact on emissions. These areas will be examined to determine if the system can be made more efficient or if emissions can be reduced. The data shows that the largest sources of emissions come from the production of veneer and resin. The other major sources of emissions come from the production and use of fossil fuels and electricity. Reduction in the amount of resin used in the production of LVL shows significant reductions in the amount of certain key air emissions. In both LVL and I-joist manufacturing, the emissions generated at the plant were very small compared to the emissions generated in order to produce the input products and the fuels, energy, and electricity used at the plants.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 0557477042
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
Author: Sven Thelandersson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780470844694
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
Timber construction is one of the most prevalent methods of constructing buildings in North America and an increasingly significant method of construction in Europe and the rest of the world. Timber Engineering deals not only with the structural aspects of timber construction, structural components, joints and systems based on solid timber and engineered wood products, but also material behaviour and properties on a wood element level. Produced by internationally renowned experts in the field, this book represents the state of the art in research on the understanding of the material behaviour of solid wood and engineered wood products. There is no comparable compendium currently available on the topic - the subjects represented include the most recent phenomena of timber engineering and the newest development of practice-related research. Grouped into three different sections, 'Basic properties of wood-based structural elements', 'Design aspects on timber structures' and 'Joints and structural assemblies', this book focuses on key issues in the understanding of: timber as a modern engineered construction material with controlled and documented properties the background for design of structural systems based on timber and engineered wood products the background for structural design of joints in structural timber systems Furthermore, this invaluable book contains advanced teaching material for all technical schools and universities involved in timber engineering. It also provides an essential resource for timber engineering students and researchers, as well as practicing structural and civil engineers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Composite materials
Languages : en
Pages : 1
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Book Description
Author: Robert H. White
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: Martin P Ansell
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 1782424776
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
Recent progress in enhancing and refining the performance and properties of wood composites by chemical and thermal modification and the application of smart multi-functional coatings have made them a particular area of interest for researchers. Wood Composites comprehensively reviews the whole field of wood composites, with particular focus on their materials, applications and engineering and scientific advances, including solutions inspired biomimetrically by the structure of wood and wood composites. Part One covers the materials used for wood composites and examines wood microstructure, and wood processing and adhesives for wood composites. Part Two explores the many applications of wood composites, for example plywood, fibreboard, chipboard, glulam, cross-laminated timber, I-beams and wood-polymer composites. The final part investigates advances in wood composites and looks at the preservation and modification of wood composites, environmental impacts and legislative obligations, nano-coatings and plasma treatment, biomimetic composite materials, the integration of wood composites with other materials and carbonized and mineralized wood composites. Comprehensively reviews the entire field of wood composites in a single volume Examines recent progress in enhancing and refining the performance and properties of wood composites by chemical and thermal modification and the application of smart multi-functional coatings Explores the range of wood composites, including both new and traditional products
Author: Abi Aghayere
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498749860
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 630
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Book Description
This text provides a concise and practical guide to timber design, using both the Allowable Stress Design and the Load and Resistance Factor Design methods. It suits students in civil, structural, and construction engineering programs as well as engineering technology and architecture programs, and also serves as a valuable resource for the practicing engineer. The examples based on real-world design problems reflect a holistic view of the design process that better equip the reader for timber design in practice. This new edition now includes the LRFD method with some design examples using LRFD for joists, girders and axially load members. is based on the 2015 NDS and 2015 IBC model code. includes a more in-depth discussion of framing and framing systems commonly used in practice, such as, metal plate connected trusses, rafter and collar tie framing, and pre-engineered framing. includes sample drawings, drawing notes and specifications that might typically be used in practice. includes updated floor joist span charts that are more practical and are easy to use. includes a chapter on practical considerations covering topics like flitch beams, wood poles used for footings, reinforcement of existing structures, and historical data on wood properties. includes a section on long span and high rise wood structures includes an enhanced student design project
Author: J. Paulo Davim
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110416220
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
Wood composites as part of wood engineering materials has been reaching a constant developing trend, being used on a wide range of applications and becoming worldwide as a very promising alternate material face to traditional building materials such as concrete, metal and plastics. In this part of the series are treated aspects among which advances functionalities in laminates, the activation of natural fibres, the natural matrix, and others industrials manufacturing research advances for wood material as composite.
