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Author: Michael D. Bordo
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022605151X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 453
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Book Description
During the twentieth century, foreign-exchange intervention was sometimes used in an attempt to solve the fundamental trilemma of international finance, which holds that countries cannot simultaneously pursue independent monetary policies, stabilize their exchange rates, and benefit from free cross-border financial flows. Drawing on a trove of previously confidential data, Strained Relations reveals the evolution of US policy regarding currency market intervention, and its interaction with monetary policy. The authors consider how foreign-exchange intervention was affected by changing economic and institutional circumstances—most notably the abandonment of the international gold standard—and how political and bureaucratic factors affected this aspect of public policy.
Author: Michael D. Bordo
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022605151X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 453
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Book Description
During the twentieth century, foreign-exchange intervention was sometimes used in an attempt to solve the fundamental trilemma of international finance, which holds that countries cannot simultaneously pursue independent monetary policies, stabilize their exchange rates, and benefit from free cross-border financial flows. Drawing on a trove of previously confidential data, Strained Relations reveals the evolution of US policy regarding currency market intervention, and its interaction with monetary policy. The authors consider how foreign-exchange intervention was affected by changing economic and institutional circumstances—most notably the abandonment of the international gold standard—and how political and bureaucratic factors affected this aspect of public policy.
Author: Philippines
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gazettes
Languages : en
Pages : 530
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Book Description
Author: Thomas Robb
Publisher: Manchester University Press
ISBN: 9780719091759
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
This is the first monograph-length study that charts the coercive diplomacy of the administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford as practised against their British ally in order to persuade Edward Heath's government to follow a more amenable course throughout the 'Year of Europe' and to convince Harold Wilson's governments to lessen the severity of proposed defence cuts. Such diplomacy proved effective against Heath but rather less so against Wilson. It is argued that relations between the two sides were often strained, indeed, to the extent that the most 'special' elements of the relationship, that of intelligence and nuclear co-operation, were suspended. Yet, the relationship also witnessed considerable co-operation. This book offers new perspectives on US and UK policy towards British membership of the European Economic Community; demonstrates how US détente policies created strain in the 'special relationship'; reveals the temporary shutdown of US-UK intelligence and nuclear co-operation; provides new insights in US-UK defence co-operation, and re-evaluates the US-UK relationship throughout the IMF Crisis.
Author: Harry Harding
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 081579147X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
President Nixon's historic trip to China in February 1972 marked the beginning of a new era in Sino-American relations. For the first time since 1949, the two countries established high-level official contacts and transformed their relationship from confrontation to collaboration. Over the subsequent twenty years, however, U.S.-China relations have experienced repeated cycles of progress, stalemate, and crisis, with the events in Tiananmen Square in June 1989 the most recent and disruptive example. Paradoxically, although relations between the two countries are vastly more extensive today than they were twenty years ago, they remain highly fragile. In this eagerly awaited book, China expert Harry Harding offers the first comprehensive look at Sino-American relations from 1972 to the present. He traces the evolution of U.S.-China relations, and assesses American policy toward Peking in the post- Tiananmen era. Harding analyzes the changing contexts for the Sino-American relationship, particularly the rapidly evolving international environment, changes in American economic and political life, and the dramatic domestic developments in both China and Taiwan. He discusses the principal substantive issues in U.S.-China relations, including the way in which the two countries have addressed their differences over Taiwan and human rights, and how they have approached the blend of common and competitive interests in their economic and strategic relationships. He also addresses the shifting political base for Sino-American relations within each country, including the development of each society's perceptions of the other, and the emergence and dissolution of rival political coalitions supporting and opposing the relationship. Harding concludes that a return to the Sino-American strategic alignment of the 1970s, or even to the economic partnership of the 1980s, is less likely in the 1990s than continued tension or even confrontation over such issues as
Author: Matthias Schulz
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521899994
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
Using a wide array of recently declassified archival materials in the United States and Western Europe, this collection offers new insights into the changing dynamics of transatlantic relations during the era of détente (1969-1980). Whereas prior studies of this decade have focused on the end of the Vietnam War or U.S.-Soviet relations, this volume reveals why bitter conflicts developed between the U.S. and its European allies, and how, contrary to conventional wisdom, European integration evolved less as a consequence of Washington's support than as a result of America's relative decline and growing U.S.-European discord. Taking into account the developments in various bilateral and multilateral settings, such as the European Community, the Helsinki process, and the G-7 summits, the contributions show that a common alliance strategy has always been a difficult undertaking, often the result of bitter confrontation and painful compromises. With clear overtones to more recent disputes, this collection demonstrates there was never a "golden age" of transatlantic harmony.
Author: J. Cezar S. Sangco
Publisher: Goodwill Trading Co., Inc.
ISBN: 9789711109547
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 696
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Book Description
Author: Gary W. Peterson
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 9780789024831
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 652
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Book Description
Parent-Youth Relations: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Perspectives explores in depth the most fundamental human relationshipbetween parent and childin different societies around the world. International experts provide a comprehensive collection of original research and theory on how parental styles and the effects of culture are interconnected. Written from diverse perspectives, this unique resource reveals deep insight into these relationships by focusing on the individuals, the structure of the family, and societal and cultural influences. Detailed tables illustrate research data while thorough bibliographies offer opportunities for further study.
Author: Fouad Sabry
Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Discover the driving forces behind political revenge with "Revanchism," a comprehensive analysis of revenge-driven policies shaping nations and histories. This book explores the resurgence of nationalist agendas and how historical grievances influence modern geopolitics. Chapters Overviews: 1. Revanchism - Introduces the concept and its impact on national and international politics. 2. Irredentism - Examines the link between revanchism and claims to lost territories. 3. Treaty of Frankfurt (1871) - Analyzes its role in fueling revanchist sentiments, particularly Franco-German relations. 4. Alsace–Lorraine - Highlights its significance as a symbol of revanchist desires. 5. Aftermath of World War I - Discusses how the post-war landscape fostered revanchist ambitions in Europe. 6. France–Germany Relations - Explores how historical grievances affect current conflicts between the two nations. 7. French–German Enmity - Delves into the long-standing enmity and its political impact. 8. Partition of the Ottoman Empire - Investigates the impact on Middle Eastern revanchist sentiments. 9. Neo-Ottomanism - Explores its rise and connection to historical revanchism in modern Turkish politics. 10. Kurdish Rebellions During World War I - Examines their effect on post-war realignments and revanchist movements. 11. Central Powers - Provides insight into their role in World War I and subsequent revanchist policies. 12. Fourteen Points - Analyzes President Wilson’s points and their impact on revanchist sentiments. 13. Triple Entente - Discusses its influence on pre-World War I and later revanchist claims. 14. Treaty of Sèvres - Examines its implications for revanchist aspirations after World War I. 15. Theories of Political Behavior - Delves into theories explaining revanchist actions and policies. 16. Pan-Turkism - Investigates its historical and contemporary revanchist elements. 17. Military History of Austria - Contextualizes Austria’s military history within revanchist narratives. 18. List of Irredentist Claims or Disputes - Provides a comprehensive list of historical and current claims. 19. List of Land Borders with Dates of Establishment - Details land borders and their role in revanchist politics. 20. Albert Bettannier - Highlights his contributions to the discourse on revanchism. 21. Italian Entry into World War I - Explores its implications for Italian revanchist movements. "Revanchism" offers essential insights into how historical grievances shape current political realities and global affairs. Equip yourself with this critical analysis to understand the forces driving nations toward revenge.
Author: Dr. C.G. Deshpande
Publisher: Geerwanjyoti Prakashan
ISBN:
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
Suicide is a topic that invariably shocks and saddens any heart. We the Behavioural Scientists often are so helpless and cannot prevent all suicides. As in the developed countries the rate of suicide has gone up along with socioeconomical development and urbanisation in this country. The status race (D. Morris) leaves many of us frustrated and subsequently aggressive (west). If this drive cannot be externalized, it is internalised causing suicidal behaviour. Dr. C. G. Deshpande's monograph on suicides has come at the right time to awaken social scientists to this rude challenge posed by the spectre of suicidal death. He has painstakingly conducted a controlled and statistically validated study of the Epidemeology, Aetiopathology, Classification, management and prevention of suicidal behaviour. His elaborate overview of the previous studies by researchers and experts like Durkheim, W. Breed, Gibbs and Martin, Pretzel, West, J. Jacobs and Fendell as well as learned observations by authorities like Freud, Jung, Adler, K. Horney and Sullivan is very informative. Dr. Deshpande has further detailed the various aspects of suicidal phenomena, its history, the cross cultural aspects and types of suicide; and its clasification by karl Menninger, klopfer and Schneidman. The various methods of study such as psychodiagnostic testing, analyis of suicide notes and relationship with the different factors that influence suicidalbehaviour viz. Age, sex differences, culture, home environment, neurochemicals, etc. are described along with his studied comments. In chapter 3,4 and 5 he has explained the methodology and findings of his research study along with elaborate explanations and analysis of findings, especially dynamics of suicidal behaviour. His motivational and emotional analysis of suicide along with case studies are very lucid and enlightening. Next he has elaborated the social and sexual adjustment in suicides, from his sample of respondents. The illustrative case studies incorporate revealing statements by the respondents regarding their motivation and its causes. Case discussion at the end is quite convincing. The adjustment Inventory prepared by Dr. Deshpande is original and very useful in determining the personality characteristics of the suicide attempters as compared with normal people. His observation on each of these characteristics and the final conclusion based on the results are impartial, factual and reliable. He has given the historical aspects of the attitudes of authorities and government from ancient Indian setting to modern Indian conditions. He has made exhaustive comments on the laws in British India and in Republic of India; after giving details of the trial cases. He has further written on the history of thoughts on euthanasia and their modification in modern times. His final and sincere request for legislation on euthanasia and assisted suicide (in exceptional cases) is quite appealing and deserves government's prompt consideration. The prevention aspects of suicidal potential along with detailed description of various scales, inventories and questionnaires to measure and assess suicidal intent, follows next. The utility of these psychometric methods to identify and assess suicidal potential as well as to take preventive measures, is well established. Crisis intervention through emergency telephone contacts by suicide planners has been advocated. Finally he has outlined the management of suicide attempts through various modes of psychotherapy. Postvention is congently justified to protect the close relatives of suicide victims from the aftermath as well as to prevent such attempts by others who may take the suicidal act as a model. This monograph is not only very enlightening but also thought provoking. I have personally been bemused and saddened by suicides by my patients which were very often unexpected. Such experiences by most of the clinical psychiatrists and psychiatric social workers as well as practising psychologists warrant a specific and special study of the factors that influence a patient's decision to commit suicide. West's theory of frustration aggression model to explain murder cum suicide was amply proved and illustrated by the following tragic end of a doctor couple and their sons. A busy family physician had to shift his lucrative practice from a smaller city to pune where better educational facilities were available. His elder son was not doing well in a medical college in Bombay for which he had taken my advice and his regular treatment was considered necessary. He later showed positive signs and symptoms of schizophrenic disorder. Treatment over a period of 2 years did not help. He kept avoiding classes and failing. This caused Depressive Reactions in his mother who could not adjust to the change of place and practice and anxiety regarding her son. Her second son also showed negative symptoms of schizophrenia and poor response to treatment. His father who was already struggling in his practice and worried all the time about the mental health of his three dependents, became dejected and angry. He became desparate when he found no way out this predicament, and made an elaborate murder cum suicide pact with his wife who could not resist him. He gave intravenous anaesthesia to both of his sons under the garb of treatment and killed them. He confirmed their death by thrusting very long screwdriver into their abdomens and hanged himself along with his wife. In another shocking case, a young widow was severely depressed for over one year after the accidental death of her husband. She took no treatment and eventurally influenced the thinking of her parents and younger unmarried sister in a Folie a quartre (Madmen should by four) situation. They all jumped in a deep well after tying their legs along with the infant son, in the middle of a dark night. Her father who was a retired professor; active in social service had agreed for this suicide pact along with murder of his grandson. His actions shocked the community who had not even suspected such mindless suicidal behaviour from an otherwise very sober and responsible person! Such horrifying incidents undermine the confidence of Behaviour Scientists who are committed to prevent suicides. Two more illustrative case reports, glaringly exposes a helplessness to prevent certain type of suicides. A medical student, a case of Refractory Endogenous Depression had made genuine suicidal attempts inspite of intensive treatment. He finally succeeded in a suicidal act which he committed abroad where his pilot father had killed himself in a deliberate air crash. His act was probably his model. A medical post-graduate student had not recovered from deep depression in spite of proper antidepressant treatment including Electric shock Treatment. As advised his father was watching him all the time but in a moment of lapse the doctor slopped and ran to the Railway station. His father ran after him to see his son's head severed from his trunk by arriving train! In a recent magazine report, a "Pranam" sect leader influenced his small group of followers to seek "Mukti or Moksha" by jumping in a steep waterfall near panna in Central India. This death would give them direct entry into heaven. Six, including four from a family, died but two others survived because they did not jump out of great fear. Some of the inferences one may draw from these case reports are 1. Death is seen as a final extinction or liberation of the soul. 2. A gateway to enternal bliss and peace or as a deliverance from life's suffering. 3. Retribution for sins (often imagined) made in life. Some of the participants of suicide pacts are convinced about the emptiness and meaninglessness of life. In other cases, some see death as a triumph over their frailty or suffering. Some believe, death will lead them to their beloved who have departed earlier, as in the case of a medical student whose father had died in an air crash. The other explanation was identification with his suicidal father. Why do these unfortunate victims become so desparate as to make a suicide cum murder pact snuffing out the life of very young dependents? Do the social prejudices and attitudes which frown on such persons for their suicidal attempts, contribute to their Death wish! Joad's caustic reference to the social attitudes is justifiable as they are still prevalent, viz. "those who succeed in their suicidal acts are lunatic and those who fail are criminals." Till recent past the lawmakers had primitive laws for suicidal attempts, ignoring their suffering and scoffing as the justifiable reasons for the suicidal attempts. As a matter of fact, suicidal attempts are cries for help made by suffering persons, even though these may be only attention seeking and do not have a suicidal intent. If only others in the family as well as neighbours or colleagues were attentive and sympathetic and offered some help or guidance, many a suicide could be prevented. While differentiating a suicidal attempt from intended suicidal act, one must not be carried away by any dictum. Sometimes a sucidal attempt may lead to unintended death, accidentally. So also a truly intended suicidal act may fail. One of patients was saved after taking 200 phenobarbime 60 mg. tablets which is 4 times a fatal dose. She was taken to the hospital promptly by her alert relatives, so also the alert and zealousteam of doctors fought for her life, and saved her in spite of coma which had ensued. In such cases one has to be very careful as the act very often is repeated with fatal result. Suicidal attempts and gestures are considered to lack any risk to life and hence at times neglected. But the indifference by close relations may deject them and drive them to perform a successful suicidal act. So all such persons with suicidal behaviour deserve our attention, sympathy and expert help. Viz. psychiatric or psychosocial sympathetic attitude must be the base for any preventive effort to reduce suicide rate.
Author: Deborah Sanders
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317100573
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
Maritime Power in the Black Sea provides the first comprehensive assessment and evaluation of the comparative maritime power of the six littoral states in the Black Sea - Turkey, Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Romania and Bulgaria. This book examines the maritime capabilities and assets of each of the six littoral Black Sea states and also considers the implications of the distribution of maritime power on both regional and international security. As such it makes an important contribution to the debate about what constitutes maritime power in the twenty first century and provides a thematic comparative study of the ability of each of the littoral states of the Black Sea to project maritime power.
