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Author: S. Engen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940095784X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
This monograph deals with the analysis of populations of elements. Each element is a member of one and only one class, and we shall mainly be concerned with populations with a large number of classes. No doubt the present theory has its outspring in ecology, where the elements symbolize the individual animals or plants, while the classes are the various species of the ecological community under consideration. Some basic ideas point back to a classical contribution by R.A. Fisher (1943, in collaboration with A.S. Corbet and c.B. Williams) representing a breakthrough for the theoretical analysis of diverse populations. Though most of the work in this field has been carried out by ecologists, statisticians and biometri cians have, over the past 15 years, shown an ever increasing interest in the topic. Besides being directed towards biometricians and statisticians, this monograph may hopefully be of interest for any research worker dealing with the classification of units into a large number of classes, in particular ecologists, sociologists and linguists. However, some background in statistics and probability theory is required. It would be unless to read the present book without some knowledge of the continuous and discrete probability distributions summarized in section 1.1, and the use of generating functions. In particular, a clear intuitive and formal understanding of the concept of condi tional probability and conditional distributions is required in order to interpret the various models correctly.
Author: S. Engen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940095784X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
This monograph deals with the analysis of populations of elements. Each element is a member of one and only one class, and we shall mainly be concerned with populations with a large number of classes. No doubt the present theory has its outspring in ecology, where the elements symbolize the individual animals or plants, while the classes are the various species of the ecological community under consideration. Some basic ideas point back to a classical contribution by R.A. Fisher (1943, in collaboration with A.S. Corbet and c.B. Williams) representing a breakthrough for the theoretical analysis of diverse populations. Though most of the work in this field has been carried out by ecologists, statisticians and biometri cians have, over the past 15 years, shown an ever increasing interest in the topic. Besides being directed towards biometricians and statisticians, this monograph may hopefully be of interest for any research worker dealing with the classification of units into a large number of classes, in particular ecologists, sociologists and linguists. However, some background in statistics and probability theory is required. It would be unless to read the present book without some knowledge of the continuous and discrete probability distributions summarized in section 1.1, and the use of generating functions. In particular, a clear intuitive and formal understanding of the concept of condi tional probability and conditional distributions is required in order to interpret the various models correctly.
Author: steinar engen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789400957855
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
This monograph deals with the analysis of populations of elements. Each element is a member of one and only one class, and we shall mainly be concerned with populations with a large number of classes. No doubt the present theory has its outspring in ecology, where the elements symbolize the individual animals or plants, while the classes are the various species of the ecological community under consideration. Some basic ideas point back to a classical contribution by R.A. Fisher (1943, in collaboration with A.S. Corbet and c.B. Williams) representing a breakthrough for the theoretical analysis of diverse populations. Though most of the work in this field has been carried out by ecologists, statisticians and biometri cians have, over the past 15 years, shown an ever increasing interest in the topic. Besides being directed towards biometricians and statisticians, this monograph may hopefully be of interest for any research worker dealing with the classification of units into a large number of classes, in particular ecologists, sociologists and linguists. However, some background in statistics and probability theory is required. It would be unless to read the present book without some knowledge of the continuous and discrete probability distributions summarized in section 1.1, and the use of generating functions. In particular, a clear intuitive and formal understanding of the concept of condi tional probability and conditional distributions is required in order to interpret the various models correctly.
Author: S. Engen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
Author: Atchamamba Yarram
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Population biology
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: K. B. Newman
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1493909770
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
This book gives a unifying framework for estimating the abundance of open populations: populations subject to births, deaths and movement, given imperfect measurements or samples of the populations. The focus is primarily on populations of vertebrates for which dynamics are typically modelled within the framework of an annual cycle, and for which stochastic variability in the demographic processes is usually modest. Discrete-time models are developed in which animals can be assigned to discrete states such as age class, gender, maturity, population (within a metapopulation), or species (for multi-species models). The book goes well beyond estimation of abundance, allowing inference on underlying population processes such as birth or recruitment, survival and movement. This requires the formulation and fitting of population dynamics models. The resulting fitted models yield both estimates of abundance and estimates of parameters characterizing the underlying processes.
Author: Sylvie Meleard
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319217119
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 111
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Book Description
In this contribution, several probabilistic tools to study population dynamics are developed. The focus is on scaling limits of qualitatively different stochastic individual based models and the long time behavior of some classes of limiting processes. Structured population dynamics are modeled by measure-valued processes describing the individual behaviors and taking into account the demographic and mutational parameters, and possible interactions between individuals. Many quantitative parameters appear in these models and several relevant normalizations are considered, leading to infinite-dimensional deterministic or stochastic large-population approximations. Biologically relevant questions are considered, such as extinction criteria, the effect of large birth events, the impact of environmental catastrophes, the mutation-selection trade-off, recovery criteria in parasite infections, genealogical properties of a sample of individuals. These notes originated from a lecture series on Structured Population Dynamics at Ecole polytechnique (France). Vincent Bansaye and Sylvie Méléard are Professors at Ecole Polytechnique (France). They are a specialists of branching processes and random particle systems in biology. Most of their research concerns the applications of probability to biodiversity, ecology and evolution.
Author: George A. F. Seber
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031398343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 734
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Book Description
This comprehensive book covers a wide variety of methods for estimating the sizes and related parameters of closed populations. With the effect of climate change, and human territory invasion, we have seen huge species losses and a major biodiversity decline. Populations include plants, trees, various land and sea animals, and some human populations. With such a diversity of populations, an extensive variety of different methods are described with the collection of different types of data. For example, we have count data from plot sampling, which can also allow for incomplete detection. There is a large chapter on occupancy methods where a major interest is determining whether a particular species is present or not. Citizen and opportunistic survey data can also be incorporated. A related topic is species methods, where species richness and species' interactions are of interest. A variety of distance methods are discussed. One can use distances from points and lines, as well as nearest neighbor distances. The applications are extensive, and include marine, acoustic, and aerial surveys, using multiple observers or detection devices. Line intercept measurements have a role to play such as, for example, estimating parameters relating to plant coverage. An increasingly important class of removal methods considers successive “removals" from a population, with physical removal or "removal" by capture-recapture of marked individuals. With the change-in-ratio method, removals are taken from two or more classes, e.g., males and females. Effort data used for removals can also be used. A very important method for estimating abundance is the use of capture-recapture data collected discretely or continuously and can be analysed using both frequency and Bayesian methods. Computational aspects of fitting Bayesian models are described. A related topic of growing interest is the use of spatial and camera methods. With the plethora of models there has been a corresponding development of various computational methods and packages, which are often mentioned throughout. Covariate data is being used more frequently, which can reduce the number of unknown parameters by using logistic and loglinear models. An important computational aspect is that of model selection methods. The book provides a useful list of over 1400 references.
Author: Henk C. Tijms
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471498803
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
The field of applied probability has changed profoundly in the past twenty years. The development of computational methods has greatly contributed to a better understanding of the theory. A First Course in Stochastic Models provides a self-contained introduction to the theory and applications of stochastic models. Emphasis is placed on establishing the theoretical foundations of the subject, thereby providing a framework in which the applications can be understood. Without this solid basis in theory no applications can be solved. Provides an introduction to the use of stochastic models through an integrated presentation of theory, algorithms and applications. Incorporates recent developments in computational probability. Includes a wide range of examples that illustrate the models and make the methods of solution clear. Features an abundance of motivating exercises that help the student learn how to apply the theory. Accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of probability. A First Course in Stochastic Models is suitable for senior undergraduate and graduate students from computer science, engineering, statistics, operations resear ch, and any other discipline where stochastic modelling takes place. It stands out amongst other textbooks on the subject because of its integrated presentation of theory, algorithms and applications.
Author: J. Andrew Royle
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080559255
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 463
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Book Description
A guide to data collection, modeling and inference strategies for biological survey data using Bayesian and classical statistical methods. This book describes a general and flexible framework for modeling and inference in ecological systems based on hierarchical models, with a strict focus on the use of probability models and parametric inference. Hierarchical models represent a paradigm shift in the application of statistics to ecological inference problems because they combine explicit models of ecological system structure or dynamics with models of how ecological systems are observed. The principles of hierarchical modeling are developed and applied to problems in population, metapopulation, community, and metacommunity systems. The book provides the first synthetic treatment of many recent methodological advances in ecological modeling and unifies disparate methods and procedures. The authors apply principles of hierarchical modeling to ecological problems, including * occurrence or occupancy models for estimating species distribution * abundance models based on many sampling protocols, including distance sampling * capture-recapture models with individual effects * spatial capture-recapture models based on camera trapping and related methods * population and metapopulation dynamic models * models of biodiversity, community structure and dynamics Wide variety of examples involving many taxa (birds, amphibians, mammals, insects, plants) Development of classical, likelihood-based procedures for inference, as well as Bayesian methods of analysis Detailed explanations describing the implementation of hierarchical models using freely available software such as R and WinBUGS Computing support in technical appendices in an online companion web site
