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Author: Catherine A. Macken
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642933963
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
The body contains many cellular systems that require the continuous production of new, fully functional, differentiated cells to replace cells lacking or having limited self-renewal capabilities that die or are damaged during the lifetime of an individual. Such systems include the epidermis, the epithelial lining of the gut, and the blood. For example, erythrocytes (red blood cells) lack nuclei and thus are incapable of self-replication. They have a life span in the circulation of about 120 days. Mature granulocytes, which also lack proliferative capacity, have a much shorter life span - typically 12 hours, though this may be reduced to only two or three hours in times of serious tissue infection. Perhaps a more familiar example is the outermost layer of the skin. This layer is composed of fully mature, dead epidermal cells that must be replaced by the descendants of stem cells lodged in lower layers of the epidermis (cf. Alberts et al. , 1983). In total, to supply the normal steady-state demands of cells, an average human must produce approximately 3. 7 x 1011 cells a day throughout life (Dexter and Spooncer, 1987). Common to each of these cellular systems is a primitive (undifferentiated) stem cell which replenishes cells through the production of offspring, some of which proliferate and gradually differentiate until mature, fully functional cells are produced.
Author: Catherine A. Macken
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642933963
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Get Book
Book Description
The body contains many cellular systems that require the continuous production of new, fully functional, differentiated cells to replace cells lacking or having limited self-renewal capabilities that die or are damaged during the lifetime of an individual. Such systems include the epidermis, the epithelial lining of the gut, and the blood. For example, erythrocytes (red blood cells) lack nuclei and thus are incapable of self-replication. They have a life span in the circulation of about 120 days. Mature granulocytes, which also lack proliferative capacity, have a much shorter life span - typically 12 hours, though this may be reduced to only two or three hours in times of serious tissue infection. Perhaps a more familiar example is the outermost layer of the skin. This layer is composed of fully mature, dead epidermal cells that must be replaced by the descendants of stem cells lodged in lower layers of the epidermis (cf. Alberts et al. , 1983). In total, to supply the normal steady-state demands of cells, an average human must produce approximately 3. 7 x 1011 cells a day throughout life (Dexter and Spooncer, 1987). Common to each of these cellular systems is a primitive (undifferentiated) stem cell which replenishes cells through the production of offspring, some of which proliferate and gradually differentiate until mature, fully functional cells are produced.
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128128909
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Volume 138, the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series Includes the latest information on stem cell proliferation and differentiation
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309170427
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
Recent scientific breakthroughs, celebrity patient advocates, and conflicting religious beliefs have come together to bring the state of stem cell researchâ€"specifically embryonic stem cell researchâ€"into the political crosshairs. President Bush's watershed policy statement allows federal funding for embryonic stem cell research but only on a limited number of stem cell lines. Millions of Americans could be affected by the continuing political debate among policymakers and the public. Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine provides a deeper exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. In terms accessible to lay readers, the book summarizes what we know about adult and embryonic stem cells and discusses how to go about the transition from mouse studies to research that has therapeutic implications for people. Perhaps most important, Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine also provides an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells. This timely book compares the impact of public and private research funding and discusses approaches to appropriate research oversight. Based on the insights of leading scientists, ethicists, and other authorities, the book offers authoritative recommendations regarding the use of existing stem cell lines versus new lines in research, the important role of the federal government in this field of research, and other fundamental issues.
Author: C. Potten
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080541763
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 497
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Book Description
Stem cells are relatively undifferentiated cells which are the permanent lineage ancestor cells of tissues. Newly developed molecular biological techniques and probes have made possible dramatic advances in our ability to study the lineage development of stem cells. A major impetus to develop these techniques has been to identify specific stem cells for gene therapy purposes. The role that stem cells play in the development of cancer is also an important area. This book provides up-to-date reviews on a wide variety of stem cell systems by world experts. Chapters range from descriptions of the current knowledge of the biology of stem cells, to current molecular biological approaches and clinical implications. Oncologists and cell biologists will find this book of particular interest. It will also be usefule to radiobiologist, biotechnologists, and gene therapists. Provides reviews of stem cell systems by world experts Covers stem cell biology in plants, invertebrates, and mammals Presents clinical implications of stem cell differentiation
Author: John Papaconstantinou
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323158072
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
Molecular Control of Proliferation and Differentiation documents the proceedings of the 35th symposium of The Society for Developmental Biology entitled "Molecular Control of Proliferation and Differentiation," held at Asilomar, Monterey Peninsula, California, June 8-11, 1976. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium are organized into seven parts. Part I presents a paper on cell communication in embryological development. Part II includes studies on growth factors, including fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor. Part III examines the factors affecting nerve cell differentiation and function. It includes papers on nerve growth factor and peptides as central nervous system neurotransmitters. Part IV focuses on cell interactions in blood cell development. It includes studies on factors affecting the differentiation of blood cells and the proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells in vitro. Part V examines cell interactions in the immune system. Part VI deals with cell interactions in organogenesis. Part VII covers the factors effecting differentiation in lower eukaryotes.
Author: Gerald Litwack
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123860156
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 524
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Book Description
Factors operating in pluripotent cells -- Molecular mediators of Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) -- Insulin and germline proliferation in Caenorhabditis -- Generation of mature ß-cells from embryonic stem cells: What are we missing? -- Activation and regulation of reserve liver progenitor cells -- Adult cardiac-derived stem cells: differentiation and survival regulators -- TGF-Beta1 regulates differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells -- Maternal intake of folic acid and neural crest stem cells -- Modulation of the generation of dopaminergic neurons from human neural stem cells by Bcl-XL. Mechanisms of action -- Glucocorticoid hedgehog agonists in neurogenesis -- Effect of progesterone on human mesenchymal stem cells -- Regulation of muscle stem cell activation -- the role of growth factors and extracellular matrix -- Thymosins and muscle regeneration -- Micro RNAs and mesenchymal stem cells -- MicroRNA and vascular smooth muscle cells -- Transforming growth factor beta superfamily in mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal -- The biology of HIFa proteins in cell differentiation and disease -- Regulatory role of Klf5 in early mouse development and in embryonic stem cells -- Bam and Bgcn in Drosophila germ line stem cell differentiation -- The effects of mechanical loading on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and matrix production.
Author: Bruce Alberts
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cytology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Carlos Simón
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107034477
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 199
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Book Description
Stem cell science has the potential to impact human reproductive medicine significantly - cutting edge technologies allow the production and regeneration of viable gametes from human stem cells offering potential to preciously infertile patients. Written by leading experts in the field Stem Cells in Reproductive Medicine brings together chapters on the genetics and epigenetics of both the male and female gametes as well as advice on the production and regeneration of gene cells in men and women, trophoblasts and endometrium from human embryonic and adult stem cells. Although focussing mainly on the practical elements of the use of stem cells in reproductive medicine, the book also contains a section on new developments in stem cell research. The book is essential reading for reproductive medicine clinicians, gynecologists and embryologists who want to keep abreast of practical developments in this rapidly developing field.
Author: Swathi Arur
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331944820X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
This volume covers the current knowledge base on the role of signaling and environmental pathways that control the normal development of germline stem cells, meiotic progression of oocytes, events of oocyte maturation and fertilization, and the birth of an embryo. Germ cells are uniquely poised to sustain life across generations through the fusion of oocyte and sperm. Because of the central importance of germ cells to life, much work has been dedicated to obtaining a clear understanding of the molecular and signaling events that control their formation and maintenance. Germ cells are set aside from somatic cells in the embryo and go through specialized meiotic cell cycles as the animal matures. These cell cycles are interspersed with long periods of arrest. In human females, meiosis I is initiated in the fetus. At birth, oocytes are arrested in meiosis I; after puberty, every month an oocyte initiates meiosis II – ovulation. Upon sperm availability these cells are fertilized, generate an embryo, and the cycle-of-life continues. During meiotic I progression and arrest, the fitness of oocytes and their progeny are likely influenced by environmental cues and signaling pathways. A lot of recent work has focused on understanding the mechanisms that regulate oocyte fitness and quality in humans and vertebrates. Much of our understanding on the events of meiosis I and germline stem cell populations comes from work in invertebrates, wherein the germline stem cells produce oocytes continuously through adult development. In both inverbrates and vertebrates nutritional and signaling pathways control the regulation of stem cells in such a manner so as to couple production of gametes with the nutritional availability. Additionally, mature oocytes arrest both in meiosis I and meiosis II, and signaling and nutritional pathways have been shown to regulate their formation, and maintenance, such that despite long periods of arrest, the oocyte quality is assured and errors in chromosome segregation and varied cytoplasmic events are minimal.
Author: Joaquim M.S. Cabral
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429841825
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
An international team of investigators presents thought-provoking reviews of bioreactors for stem cell expansion and differentiation and provides cutting-edge information on different bioreactor systems. The authors offer novel insights into bioreactor-based culture systems specific for tissue engineering, including sophisticated and cost-effective manufacturing strategies geared to overcome technological shortcomings that currently preclude advances towards product commercialization. This book in the fields of stem cell expansion, bioreactors, bioprocessing, and bio and tissue engineering, gives the reader a full understanding of the state-of-art and the future of these fields. Key selling features: Describes various bioreactors or stem cell culturing systems Reviews methods for stem cell expansion and differentiation for neural, cardiac, hemopoietic, mesenchymal, hepatic and other tissues cell types Distinguishes different types of bioreactors intended for different operational scales of tissue engineering and cellular therapies Includes contributions from an international team of leaders in stem cell research
