Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exports
Languages : en
Pages : 19

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Author: Maggie Xiaoyang Chen
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Acceso a los mercados
Languages : en
Pages : 26

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Book Description
Standards and technical regulations are an increasingly prominent part of the international trade policy debate. In particular, there has been considerable discussion of whether standards and regulations affect trade costs and export prospects for developing countries. In this paper the authors examine how meeting foreign standards affects firms' export performance, reflected in export propensity and market diversification. The analysis draws on the World Bank Technical Barriers to Trade Survey database of 619 firms in 17 developing countries. The results indicate that technical regulations in industrial countries adversely affect firms' propensity to export in developing countries. In particular, testing procedures and lengthy inspection procedures reduce exports by 9 percent and 3 percent, respectively. Furthermore, in the model, the difference in standards across foreign countries causes diseconomy of scale for firms and affects decisions about whether to enter export markets. The empirical analysis presented here implies that standards impede exporters' market entry, reducing the likelihood of exporting to more than three markets by 7 percent. In addition, the authors find that firms that outsource components are more challenged by compliance with multiple standards.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
In turn, these costs and benefits will be influenced by the resource capacity of the firm, the markets in which it operates and the nature and size of possible target markets. [...] With its exports valued at US$8.6 billion in 2005, Pakistan is one of the largest textile and garment exporters in the world, the bulk of - 3 - which is to the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) (World Bank, 2006 p.32).1 The textile and garment market is highly competitive and price sensitive with large-scale buyers dictating quality specifications and price to their suppliers. [...] For example, after inspections by the European Commission highlighted poor food safety controls in the fish and fisheries product sector, in 2005 the Pakistani government imposed a ban on fish exports to the EU in order to avoid the imposition of sanctions by the Commission and to provide the time needed to make 1 The EU and US are Pakistan's largest trading partners accounting for 25 percent and [...] For example, the extent of potential gain from implementing a quality management standard could be impacted by the type of standard, while the synergies in implementing the standard could be dependent on the number of different markets in which a firm operates and the intensity of implementation relative to industry standards and competitors. [...] Although the sector in which a firm operates is an important element of the context in which decisions about the commitment of resources and innovation is made, it is the firm which makes the investment decision and the firm which enjoys the rewards of innovation.

Author: Edward E. Marandu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Developing countries
Languages : en
Pages : 166

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Author: Mohsin S. Khan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Balance of trade
Languages : en
Pages : 62

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Author: Maggie Xiaoyang Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Standards and technical regulations are an increasingly prominent part of the international trade policy debate. In particular, there has been considerable discussion of whether standards and regulations affect trade costs and export prospects for developing countries. In this paper the authors examine how meeting foreign standards affects firms' export performance, reflected in export propensity and market diversification. The analysis draws on the World Bank Technical Barriers to Trade Survey database of 619 firms in 17 developing countries. The results indicate that technical regulations in industrial countries adversely affect firms' propensity to export in developing countries. In particular, testing procedures and lengthy inspection procedures reduce exports by 9 percent and 3percent, respectively. Furthermore, in the model, the difference in standards across foreign countries causes diseconomy of scale for firms and affects decisions about whether to enter export markets. The empirical analysis presented here implies that standards impede exporters' market entry, reducing the likelihood of exporting to more than three markets by 7 percent. In addition, the authors find that firms that outsource components are more challenged by compliance with multiple standards.

Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821368958
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description
This book responds to the challenge of providing a comprehensive account of quality systems for private sector development: what works and what doesnt on the ground, and why. This volume provides a thorough analysis of the diversity of institutions, linkages, and arrangements involved in quality systems, identifying success factors in countries quality strategies. It explains why quality and standards matter for export growth, for productivity, for industrial upgrading, and for diffusion of innovation, all central ingredients in improving economic growth and generating real gains in poverty reduction. It provides a detailed blue print for implementing effective National Quality Systems. Quality and Standards Matter is a valuable tool for policymakers confronted with the challenges of building trade competitiveness in the new global economy.

Author: J. F. Weeks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Kevin Watkins
Publisher: Oxfam
ISBN: 9780855985257
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 278

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Book Description
A critical and detailed analysis of inequalities of world trade systems.

Author: Alexander J. Yeats
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Comparative advantage (International trade)
Languages : en
Pages : 60

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Book Description
Labor -intensive goods are the developing countries' strongest export items -- and the United States is the chief import market for these goods. What's more, the industrial countries can expect increasing competition in the 1990s in clothing, footwear, leather products, wood manufactures, and some primary metal manufactures.