Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings as Climate and Stress Indicators PDF Download
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Author: Markus Leuenberger
Publisher: vdf Hochschulverlag AG
ISBN: 9783728126399
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
Mit dt., franz. und ital. Zusammenfass.
Author: Markus Leuenberger
Publisher: vdf Hochschulverlag AG
ISBN: 9783728126399
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
Mit dt., franz. und ital. Zusammenfass.
Author: Rolf T. W. Siegwolf
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030926982
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 775
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Book Description
This Open Access volume highlights how tree ring stable isotopes have been used to address a range of environmental issues from paleoclimatology to forest management, and anthropogenic impacts on forest growth. It will further evaluate weaknesses and strengths of isotope applications in tree rings. In contrast to older tree ring studies, which predominantly applied a pure statistical approach this book will focus on physiological mechanisms that influence isotopic signals and reflect environmental impacts. Focusing on connections between physiological responses and drivers of isotope variation will also clarify why environmental impacts are not linearly reflected in isotope ratios and tree ring widths. This volume will be of interest to any researcher and educator who uses tree rings (and other organic matter proxies) to reconstruct paleoclimate as well as to understand contemporary functional processes and anthropogenic influences on native ecosystems. The use of stable isotopes in biogeochemical studies has expanded greatly in recent years, making this volume a valuable resource to a growing and vibrant community of researchers.
Author: Jeanne A. Panek
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
To understand the effect of human-induced stresses on forests, there is a need for a method to separate effects of imposed stress from effects of natural climate stress. I developed an approach to predict forest response to climate stress using as indicators stable carbon isotopes in tree foliage and growth-rings. This approach required understanding and modeling the relation between climate and isotope abundance in tree tissue. Isotope abundance is highly variable within and between trees. Before modifying, it was necessary to identify important sources of this isotope variability to ensure that I included the major components in the model. Six study sites across a climate gradient in Oregon incorporated the broad range of climate types necessary to explore [delta]13C variability, and to establish and test the model. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) was common to all sites across the gradient. Patterns of [delta]13C variability within the canopy of Douglas-fir trees implied that xylem hydraulics pose important limitations to carbon uptake. Branch length was significantly correlated with [delta]13C in the foliage at branch tips, which suggested that stem hydraulics were involved in the relation, as branch length is a measure of path length of water movement. The importance of hydraulic properties in [delta]13C variability was confirmed by measuring branch hydraulic, specific, and leaf-specific conductivity of the same branches in which [delta]13C was measured. A strong inverse relation between specific and leaf-specific conductivity and foliar [delta]13C was found, as predicted by theory, and confirmed on several age-classes of foliage. The model which best predicted annual variability in [delta]13C in foliage and tree rings over a range of climate types included environmental constraints to stomata and xylem hydraulic properties. The model predicted [delta]13C in foliage west of the Oregon Cascade Mts. extremely well. East of the Cascades, site means were well-characterized, but annual variability was not. Annual variability in tree-ring [delta]13C was poorly characterized by the model, probably because annual variation in whole-canopy hydraulics was inadequately described by the hydraulic measure. Refinements for improving the tree-ring [delta]13C relation are suggested.
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080551009
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
The 20th century has experienced environmental changes that appear to be unprecedented in their rate and magnitude during the Earth's history. For the first time, Stable Isotopes as Indicators of Ecological Change brings together a wide range of perspectives and data that speak directly to the issues of ecological change using stable isotope tracers. The information presented originates from a range of biological and geochemical sources and from research fields within biological, climatological and physical disciplines covering time-scales from days to centuries. Unlike any other reference, editors discuss where isotope data can detect, record, trace and help to interpret environmental change. - Provides researchers with groundbreaking data on how to predict the terrestrial ecosystems response to the ongoing rapid alterations - Reveals how ecosystems have responded to environmental and biotic fluctuations in the past - Includes examples from research by a wide range of biological and physical scientists who are using isotopic records to both detect and interpret environmental change
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309040787
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
There is not much question that plants are sensitive to air pollution, nor is there doubt that air pollution is affecting forests and agriculture worldwide. In this book, specific criteria and evaluated approaches to diagnose the effects of air pollution on trees and forests are examined.
Author: James H. Speer
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
ISBN: 0816526850
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
This comprehensive text addresses all of the subjects that a reader who is new to the field will need to know and will be a welcome reference for practitioners at all levels. It includes a history of the discipline, biological and ecological background, principles of the field, basic scientific information on the structure and growth of trees, the complete range of dendrochronology methods, and a full description of each of the relevant subdisciplines.
Author: Paul Raymond Hurt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Author: D. L. Hemming
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: R. Kelman Wieder
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400709528
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 734
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Book Description
Here is a collection of papers from BIOGEOMON, The Fourth International Symposium on Ecosystem Behavior. The contributions address a wider-than-ever range of concerns: aspects of catchment monitoring and modeling; nitrogen transformations and processes; stable and radiogenic isotopes; biogeochemistry of restored ecosystems; and the dynamics of such chemicals as mercury and phosphorous, among many other topics.
Author: Brian Fry
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387337458
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
A solid introduction to stable isotopes that can also be used as an instructive review for more experienced researchers and professionals. The book approaches the use of isotopes from the perspective of ecological and biological research, but its concepts can be applied within other disciplines. A novel, step-by-step spreadsheet modeling approach is also presented for circulating tracers in any ecological system, including any favorite system an ecologist might dream up while sitting at a computer. The author’s humorous and lighthearted style painlessly imparts the principles of isotope ecology. The online material contains color illustrations, spreadsheet models, technical appendices, and problems and answers.
