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Author: Eliyana R. Adler
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674988027
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 457
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Book Description
The forgotten story of 200,000 Polish Jews who escaped the Holocaust as refugees stranded in remote corners of the USSR. Between 1940 and 1946, about 200,000 Jewish refugees from Poland lived and toiled in the harsh Soviet interior. They endured hard labor, bitter cold, and extreme deprivation. But out of reach of the Nazis, they escaped the fate of millions of their coreligionists in the Holocaust. Survival on the Margins is the first comprehensive account in English of their experiences. The refugees fled Poland after the German invasion in 1939 and settled in the Soviet territories newly annexed under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. Facing hardship, and trusting little in Stalin, most spurned the offer of Soviet citizenship and were deported to labor camps in unoccupied areas of the east. They were on their own, in a forbidding wilderness thousands of miles from home. But they inadvertently escaped Hitler’s 1941 advance into the Soviet Union. While war raged and Europe’s Jews faced genocide, the refugees were permitted to leave their settlements after the Soviet government agreed to an amnesty. Most spent the remainder of the war coping with hunger and disease in Soviet Central Asia. When they were finally allowed to return to Poland in 1946, they encountered the devastation of the Holocaust, and many stopped talking about their own ordeals, their stories eventually subsumed within the central Holocaust narrative. Drawing on untapped memoirs and testimonies of the survivors, Eliyana Adler rescues these important stories of determination and suffering on behalf of new generations.
Author: Eliyana R. Adler
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674988027
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 457
Get Book Here
Book Description
The forgotten story of 200,000 Polish Jews who escaped the Holocaust as refugees stranded in remote corners of the USSR. Between 1940 and 1946, about 200,000 Jewish refugees from Poland lived and toiled in the harsh Soviet interior. They endured hard labor, bitter cold, and extreme deprivation. But out of reach of the Nazis, they escaped the fate of millions of their coreligionists in the Holocaust. Survival on the Margins is the first comprehensive account in English of their experiences. The refugees fled Poland after the German invasion in 1939 and settled in the Soviet territories newly annexed under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. Facing hardship, and trusting little in Stalin, most spurned the offer of Soviet citizenship and were deported to labor camps in unoccupied areas of the east. They were on their own, in a forbidding wilderness thousands of miles from home. But they inadvertently escaped Hitler’s 1941 advance into the Soviet Union. While war raged and Europe’s Jews faced genocide, the refugees were permitted to leave their settlements after the Soviet government agreed to an amnesty. Most spent the remainder of the war coping with hunger and disease in Soviet Central Asia. When they were finally allowed to return to Poland in 1946, they encountered the devastation of the Holocaust, and many stopped talking about their own ordeals, their stories eventually subsumed within the central Holocaust narrative. Drawing on untapped memoirs and testimonies of the survivors, Eliyana Adler rescues these important stories of determination and suffering on behalf of new generations.
Author: Karl D. Qualls
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 1487518293
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
Stalin’s Niños examines how the Soviet Union raised and educated nearly three thousand child refugees of the Spanish Civil War. An analysis of the archival record and numerous letters, oral histories, and memoirs uncovers a little-known story that describes the Soviet transformation of children into future builders of communism and reveals the educational techniques shared with other modern states. Classroom education taught patriotism for the two homelands and the importance of emulating Spanish and Soviet heroes, scientists, soldiers, and artists. Extra-curricular clubs and activities reinforced classroom experiences and helped discipline the mind, body, and behaviours. Adult mentors, like the heroes studied in the classroom, provided models to emulate and became the tangible expression of the ideal Spaniard and Soviet. The Basque and Spanish children thus were transformed into hybrid Hispano-Soviets fully engaged with their native language, culture, and traditions while also imbued with Russian language and culture and Soviet ideals of hard work, comradery, internationalism, and sacrifice for ideals and others. Throughout their fourteen-year existence and even during the horrific relocation to the Soviet interior during the Second World War, the twenty-two Soviet boarding schools designed specifically for the Spanish refugee children – and better provisioned than those for Soviet children – transformed displaced niños into Red Army heroes, award-winning Soviet athletes and artists, successful educators and workers, and in some cases valuable resources helping to rebuild Cuba after the revolution. Stalin’s Niños also sheds new light on the education of non-Russian Soviet and international students and the process of constructing a supranational Soviet identity.
Author: Albert Kaganovich
Publisher: University of Wisconsin Pres
ISBN: 0299334503
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
During World War II, some two million Jewish refugees relocated from the western regions of the USSR to the Soviet interior. Citizens in the Central Asian territories were at best indifferent—and at worst openly hostile—toward these migrants. Unpopular policies dictated that residents house refugees and share their limited food and essentials with these unwelcome strangers. When the local population began targeting the newcomers, Soviet authorities saw the antisemitic violence as discontentment with the political system itself and came down hard against it. Local authorities, however, were less concerned with the discrimination, focusing instead on absorbing large numbers of displaced people while also managing regional resentment during the most difficult years of the war. Despite the lack of harmonious integration, party officials spread the myth that they had successfully assimilated over ten million evacuees. Albert Kaganovitch reconstructs the conditions that gave rise to this upsurge in antisemitic sentiment and provides new statistical data on the number of Jewish refugees who lived in the Urals, Siberia, and Middle Volga areas. The book’s insights into the regional distribution and concentration of these émigrés offer a behind-the-scenes look at the largest and most intensive Jewish migration in history.
Author: James E. Hassell
Publisher: American Philosophical Society
ISBN: 9780871698179
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
This is a print on demand publication. Revolution in 1917 brutally shattered old Russia in all its aspects. Something on the order of a million & a half people consequently fled or were expelled from the territory of the former Russian Empire. This study, undertaken before the advent of glasnost & perestroika, describes the experiences of Russians who arrived in the U.S. between the two world wars. But the spiritual center of the entire Russian diaspora was France, particularly Paris, so France must be part of the story. Many of the refugees who ultimately settled in the U.S. passed through France. Many had connections in France; therefore, some knowledge of the French situation is crucial for an understanding of the emigres in this country & indeed throughout the world.
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Refugees
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: Hilary Pilkington
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134726562
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
The displacement of 25 million ethnic Russians from the newly independent states is a major social and political consequence of the collapse of the former Soviet Union. Pilkington engages with the perspectives of officialdom, of those returning to their ethnic homeland, and of the receiving populations. She examines the policy and the practice of the Russian migration regime before looking at the social and cultural adaptation for refugees and forced migrants. Her work illuminates wider contemporary debates about identity and migration.
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Refugees
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
This report by the General Accounting Office of the United States deals with the implementation of section 599D of the Foreign Operations Appropriations Act pertaining to the processing and admittance of Soviet refugee applicants to the US. Section 599D, referred to as the Lautenberg Amendment, requires the Executive branch to establish refugee processing categories for Jews, Evangelical Christians, Ukrainian Catholics and Ukrainian Orthodox Church members and gives members of these categories an enhanced opportunity to qualify for refugee status when being interviewed. This report evaluates the efforts of the Department of State and Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) to implement the requirements of the Lautenberg Amendment. Background information is provided on the refugee status procedures of the INS for Soviets in Rome and Moscow and changes in US policy as a result of increasing demands. Extensive appendices to the report give additional information on the implementation of the Lautenberg Amendment, including comparisons of cost between refugee processing in Moscow and Rome.
Author: Mark Edele
Publisher: Wayne State University Press
ISBN: 081434268X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
This pioneering volume will interest scholars of eastern European history and Holocaust studies, as well as those with an interest in refugee and migration issues.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Refugees
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: Mark R. Elliott
Publisher: Urbana, Ill. : University of Illinois Press
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
