Sorption and Chemical Transformation of PAHs on Coal Fly Ash. Annual Technical Progress Report No. 4, [November 1, 1991--October 31, 1992]. PDF Download
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![Sorption and Chemical Transformation of PAHs on Coal Fly Ash. Annual Technical Progress Report No. 4, [November 1, 1991--October 31, 1992]. PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/pE6uAQAACAAJ?fife=w150-h200)
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Languages : en
Pages : 11
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The objective of this research is to characterize the interactions of coal fly ash with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, and to understand the influence of the surface properties of coal ash (and other atmospheric particles) on the chemical transformations of polycyclic aromatic compounds. During the past year the following specific aspects of this broad problem area have been investigated: (a) Fractionation of heterogeneous coal fly ash samples into different particle types varying in size and chemical composition (carbonaceous, mineral-magnetic, and mineral nonmagnetic); (b) The use of gas-solid chromatography to measure heats of sorption of PAHS, and PAH derivatives, on coal fly ashes and ash fractions. (c) Identification of the major photoproduct(s) of the photodecomposition of one PAH (benz[a]anthracene) sorbed on model adsorbents; (d) Estimation of ''fractal dimensions'' of coal fly ash particles by use of specific surface area measurements, with an ultimate objective of using these measurements to assess the importance of ''inner-filter effects'' on the photodecomposition of PAHs sorbed on fly ash particles. (e) The photochemical transformation of a representative nitro-PAH derivative (1-nitropyrene) sorbed on fly ash. (f) Development of techniques for studying the nonphotochemical reactions of hydroxyl radicals (and other atmospheric constituents) with PAHs sorbed on fly ash. Progress achieved, and problems encountered, in each of these major areas of emphasis is described below.
![Sorption and Chemical Transformation of PAHs on Coal Fly Ash. Annual Technical Progress Report No. 4, [November 1, 1991--October 31, 1992]. PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/pE6uAQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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The objective of this research is to characterize the interactions of coal fly ash with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, and to understand the influence of the surface properties of coal ash (and other atmospheric particles) on the chemical transformations of polycyclic aromatic compounds. During the past year the following specific aspects of this broad problem area have been investigated: (a) Fractionation of heterogeneous coal fly ash samples into different particle types varying in size and chemical composition (carbonaceous, mineral-magnetic, and mineral nonmagnetic); (b) The use of gas-solid chromatography to measure heats of sorption of PAHS, and PAH derivatives, on coal fly ashes and ash fractions. (c) Identification of the major photoproduct(s) of the photodecomposition of one PAH (benz[a]anthracene) sorbed on model adsorbents; (d) Estimation of ''fractal dimensions'' of coal fly ash particles by use of specific surface area measurements, with an ultimate objective of using these measurements to assess the importance of ''inner-filter effects'' on the photodecomposition of PAHs sorbed on fly ash particles. (e) The photochemical transformation of a representative nitro-PAH derivative (1-nitropyrene) sorbed on fly ash. (f) Development of techniques for studying the nonphotochemical reactions of hydroxyl radicals (and other atmospheric constituents) with PAHs sorbed on fly ash. Progress achieved, and problems encountered, in each of these major areas of emphasis is described below.
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 782
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![Sorption and Chemical Transformation of PAHs on Coal Fly Ash. Technical Progress Report No. 5, [November 1, 1992--January 31, 1993]. PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/gjhknQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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The objective of this work is to characterize the interactions of coal fly ash with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, and to understand the influence of the surface properties of coal ash (and other atmospheric particles) on the chemical transformations of polycyclic aromatic compounds. Specific investigations directed toward this overall objective include: (a) Fractionation of heterogeneous coal fly ash samples into different particle types varying in size and chemical composition (carbonaceous, mineral-magnetic and mineral nonmagnetic); (b) measurement of the rates of chemical transformation of PAHs and PAH derivatives (especially nitro-PAHs) and the manner in which the rates of such processes are influenced by the chemical and physical properties of coal fly ash particles; (c) Chromatographic and spectroscopic studies of the nature of the interactions of coal fly ash particles with PAHs and PAH derivatives; (d) Characterization of the fractal nature of fly ash particles (via surface area measurements) and the relationships of ''surface roughness'' of fly ash particles to the chemical behavior of PAHs sorbed on coal ash particles; PAHs are deposited, under controlled laboratory conditions, onto coal ash surfaces from the vapor phase, in order to mimic the processes by which PAHs are deposited onto particulate matter in the atmosphere.
![Sorption and Chemical Transformation of PAHs on Coal Fly Ash. Technical Progress Report No. 1, [October--December 1991]. PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/LCa2AQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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Languages : en
Pages : 4
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The objective of this research is to characterize the interactions of coal fly ash with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, and to understand the influence of the surface properties of coal ash (and other atmospheric particles) on the chemical transformations of polycyclic aromatic compounds. Studies to be carried out in this project include: (1) Fractionation of heterogeneous coal fly ash samples into different particle types varying in size and chemical composition (carbonaceous, mineral-magnetic, and mineral nonmagnetic); (2) Measurement of the rates of chemical transformation of PAHs and PAH derivatives (especially nitro-PAHs) and the manner in which the rates of such processes are influenced by the chemical and physical properties of coal fly ash particles; (3) Chromatographic and spectroscopic studies of the nature of the interactions of coal fly ash particles with PAHs and PAH derivatives; (4) Characterization of the fractal nature of fly ash particles (via surface area measurements) and the relationships of ''surface roughness'' of fly ash particles to the chemical behavior of PAHs sorbed on coal ash particles; (5) Identification of the major products of chemical transformation of PAHs on coal ash particles, and examination of any effects that may exist of the nature of the coal ash surface on the identities of PAH transformation products; and (6) Studies of the influence of other sorbed species on the chemical behavior of PAHs and PAH derivatives on fly ash surfaces. PAHs are deposited, under controlled laboratory conditions, onto coal ash surfaces from the vapor phase, in order to mimic the processes by which PAHs are deposited onto particulate matter in the atmosphere.
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Pages : 4
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The results obtained to date indicate that toluene is a useful ''probe solute'' for measuring the relative affinities of various fly ash fractions for aromatic solutes. In general, the adsorption isotherms obtained for toluene on fly ash fractions can be fit to a Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation, which implies that the adsorbent surface in question is heterogeneous. For most fly ash fractions studied thus far, the measured heat of adsorption decreases as the quantity of toluene injected onto the column increases. This observation also indicates that the fly ash surfaces are heterogeneous. For a homogeneous (or nearly homogeneous) surface, virtually all adsorption ''sites'' for a particular solute exhibit approximately the same affinity for the solute; hence, the measured heat of adsorption is virtually independent of the amount of solute that is brought into contact with the surface. However, when the surface is heterogeneous, the measured heat of adsorption decreases as the amount of solute is increased; this variation can be used to make inferences regarding surface site energy distributions if certain assumptions and approximations are made. Data obtained to date are summarized.
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Category : Coal
Languages : en
Pages : 880
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Languages : en
Pages : 4
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![Sorption and Chemical Transformation of PAHs on Coal Fly Ash. Technical Progress Report No. 7, [May--July 1993]. PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/DCaSAQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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Languages : en
Pages : 6
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The objective of this work is to characterize the interactions of coal fly ash with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, and to understand the influence of the surface properties of coal ash (and other atmospheric particles) on the chemical transformations of polycyclic aromatic compounds. Specific investigations include: (a) Fractionation of heterogeneous coal fly ash samples into different particle types varying in size and chemical composition (carbonaceous, mineral magnetic, and mineral nonmagnetic); (b) Measurement of the rates of chemical transformation of PAHs and PAH derivatives (especially nitro-PAHs) and the manner in which the rates of such processes are influenced by the chemical and physical properties of coal fly ash particles; (c) Chromatographic and spectroscopic studies; (d) Characterization of the fractal nature of fly ash particles (via surface area measurements) and the relationships of ''surface roughness'' of fly ash particles to the chemical behavior of PAHs sorbed on coal ash particles; PAHs are deposited onto coal ash surfaces from the vapor phase, in order to mimic the processes by which PAHs are deposited onto particulate matter in the atmosphere.
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Languages : en
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At this time the correlation (if I any) between surface ''roughness'' of fly ash particles, as inferred from measurements of fractal dimensions, and the photochemical reactivity of sorbed PAHs is unclear. This work will be extended to a second fly ash, the ''Texas lignite'' studied previously. PAHs associated with most fractions of this ash exhibit much greater photoreactivity than those associated with the KA ash (to which all the data in Table I pertain). PAHs sorbed on the unfractionated Texas lignite ash, and on the mineral and magnetic fractions obtained from it, exhibit phototransformation, but PAHs sorbed on the carbonaceous fraction of this ash exhibit negligible photoreactivity. As discussed in Technical Progress Reports 8 and 9, we are examining the influence of co-adsorbed organic molecules on the phototransformation of PAHs sorbed on coal fly ash. The co-adsorbates of greatest interest are those that are actually detected in sampled airborne particulate matter. For this reason, we have chosen long-chain alkanes and aliphatic carboxylic acids for initial use as co-adsorbates; these species are frequently found as adsorbates in chemical analyses of sampled airborne particulate matter. We wish to examine adsorbates that are more volatile than most PAHs (and thus are likely to deposit on fly ash in the atmosphere after the deposition of PAHs is largely complete) as well as those that are less volatile than PAHs (and thus are likely to be present on fly ash prior to the deposition of PAHs).
