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Author: Norbert M. Seel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441914277
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 3643
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Book Description
Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences.
Author: Norbert M. Seel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441914277
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 3643
Get Book Here
Book Description
Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences.
Author: Ken Watanabe
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1101029188
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
The fun and simple problem-solving guide that took Japan by storm Ken Watanabe originally wrote Problem Solving 101 for Japanese schoolchildren. His goal was to help shift the focus in Japanese education from memorization to critical thinking, by adapting some of the techniques he had learned as an elite McKinsey consultant. He was amazed to discover that adults were hungry for his fun and easy guide to problem solving and decision making. The book became a surprise Japanese bestseller, with more than 370,000 in print after six months. Now American businesspeople can also use it to master some powerful skills. Watanabe uses sample scenarios to illustrate his techniques, which include logic trees and matrixes. A rock band figures out how to drive up concert attendance. An aspiring animator budgets for a new computer purchase. Students decide which high school they will attend. Illustrated with diagrams and quirky drawings, the book is simple enough for a middleschooler to understand but sophisticated enough for business leaders to apply to their most challenging problems.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264273956
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Solving non-routine problems is a key competence in a world full of changes, uncertainty and surprise where we strive to achieve so many ambitious goals. But the world is also full of solutions because of the extraordinary competences of humans who search for and find them.
Author: ALAN H. SCHOENFELD
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483295486
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
This book is addressed to people with research interests in the nature of mathematical thinking at any level, topeople with an interest in "higher-order thinking skills" in any domain, and to all mathematics teachers. The focal point of the book is a framework for the analysis of complex problem-solving behavior. That framework is presented in Part One, which consists of Chapters 1 through 5. It describes four qualitatively different aspects of complex intellectual activity: cognitive resources, the body of facts and procedures at one's disposal; heuristics, "rules of thumb" for making progress in difficult situations; control, having to do with the efficiency with which individuals utilize the knowledge at their disposal; and belief systems, one's perspectives regarding the nature of a discipline and how one goes about working in it. Part Two of the book, consisting of Chapters 6 through 10, presents a series of empirical studies that flesh out the analytical framework. These studies document the ways that competent problem solvers make the most of the knowledge at their disposal. They include observations of students, indicating some typical roadblocks to success. Data taken from students before and after a series of intensive problem-solving courses document the kinds of learning that can result from carefully designed instruction. Finally, observations made in typical high school classrooms serve to indicate some of the sources of students' (often counterproductive) mathematical behavior.
Author: Peter A. Frensch
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317781392
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Book Description
This volume presents a state-of-the-science review of the most promising current European research -- and its historic roots of research -- on complex problem solving (CPS) in Europe. It is an attempt to close the knowledge gap among American scholars regarding the European approach to understanding CPS. Although most of the American researchers are well aware of the fact that CPS has been a very active research area in Europe for quite some time, they do not know any specifics about even the most important research. Part of the reason for this lack of knowledge is undoubtedly the fact that European researchers -- for the most part -- have been rather reluctant to publish their work in English-language journals. The book concentrates on European research because the basic approach European scholars have taken to studying CPS is very different from one taken by North American researchers. Traditionally, American scholars have been studying CPS in "natural" domains -- physics, reading, writing, and chess playing -- concentrating primarily on exploring novice-expert differences and the acquisition of a complex skill. European scholars, in contrast, have been primarily concerned with problem solving behavior in artificially generated, mostly computerized, complex systems. While the American approach has the advantage of high external validity, the European approach has the advantage of system variables that can be systematically manipulated to reveal the effects of system parameters on CPS behavior. The two approaches are thus best viewed as complementing each other. This volume contains contributions from four European countries -- Sweden, Switzerland, Great Britain, and Germany. As such, it accurately represents the bulk of empirical research on CPS which has been conducted in Europe. An international cooperation started two years ago with the goal of bringing the European research on complex problem solving to the awareness of American scholars. A direct result of that effort, the contributions to this book are both informative and comprehensive.
Author: Janet E. Davidson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521797412
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
Problems are a central part of human life. The Psychology of Problem Solving organizes in one volume much of what psychologists know about problem solving and the factors that contribute to its success or failure. There are chapters by leading experts in this field, including Miriam Bassok, Randall Engle, Anders Ericsson, Arthur Graesser, Keith Stanovich, Norbert Schwarz, and Barry Zimmerman, among others. The Psychology of Problem Solving is divided into four parts. Following an introduction that reviews the nature of problems and the history and methods of the field, Part II focuses on individual differences in, and the influence of, the abilities and skills that humans bring to problem situations. Part III examines motivational and emotional states and cognitive strategies that influence problem solving performance, while Part IV summarizes and integrates the various views of problem solving proposed in the preceding chapters.
Author: Arthur M. Nezu, PhD, ABPP
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826109411
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 333
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Book Description
"Problem-Solving Therapy: A Treatment Manual is a laudable and distinctive resource that contributes to contemporary and exemplary psychotherapy in a big way."--New England Psychologist "Through Problem-Solving Therapy: A Treatment Manual, Nezu and colleagues offer an excellent manual that has the potential to help a wide range of individuals cope with lifeís challenges. This book is an invaluable addition to any practicing psychologistís bookshelf."--PsycCRITIQUES Problem-solving therapy (PST) has been increasingly used to treat a variety of health and mental health problems due to its flexibility and proven effectiveness. This text, written by the co-developers of PST, is a comprehensive and detailed manual of how to apply PST to a wide variety of populations and situations. It reflects the significant conceptual and clinical revisions that supersede earlier versions of PST, and is based on the authors' clinical and research experience, the treatment outcome literature, and advances in related areas of psychology and neuroscience research. The book offers specific treatment guidelines, sample client-therapist dialogues, clinical exercises and activities, homework assignments, client handouts, clinical case examples, and worksheets. These resources are based on a "stepped-care" model of PST that takes into account the nature of a client's problems, the intensity of these problems, the setting and treatment structure, and treatment goals. The manual offers clients four major "toolkits," which include a multitasking guide to overcoming "cognitive overload" when under stress, a guide to overcoming problems related to emotional dysregulation, a guide to overcoming barriers to effective problem-solving through use of healthy thinking and positive imagery, and a guide to fostering effective problem-solving by designing and employing a rational plan. Digital accompaniments include patient handouts, worksheets, and toolkits. Intended for use by a wide variety of mental health professionals in multiple settings, the manual can also serve as a text for both undergraduate and applied graduate courses. Key Features: Describes an increasingly popular psychotherapeutic intervention that works for multiple client populations and can be combined with other treatment modalities Authored by the co-developers of PST Provides the most up-to-date, detailed guidelines to PST Presents treatment guidelines, case examples, and numerous clinical aids Includes digital components, such as patient handouts, homework worksheets, and toolkits
Author: Thomas D'Zurilla, PhD
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 9780826114884
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
MAXIMIZE POSITIVE PATIENT OUTCOMES Enhance Function--Avert Relapses--Present New Problems In this new updated edition, authors Thomas J. D'Zurilla and Arthur M. Nezu, present some of the most useful advances in problem-solving therapy (PST) today. An excellent resource for maximizing positive patient outcomes, this all-inclusive guide helps enhance your problem solving skills and apply successful clinical techniques to help your clients improve their lives. Known for its presentation of solid research results and effective PST training tools, this best-selling guide has been fully updated to include: NEW research data on social problem solving and adjustment NEW studies on the efficacy of PST NEW social problem solving models NEW updated and more user-friendly therapist's training manual Written for a wide audience, from therapists and counselors to psychologists and social workers, this highly readable and practical reference is a must-have guide to helping your patients identify and resolve current life problems. The book set is designed to be read alongside its informal "manual" accompaniment, Solving Life's Problems: A 5-Step Guide to Enhanced Well-Being by D'Zurilla, Nezu, and Christine Maguth Nezu. Purchase of the two books as a set will get you these life-changing texts at an $7.00 savings over the two books bought individually.
Author: Barbara A. Oakley
Publisher: TarcherPerigee
ISBN: 039916524X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
Engineering professor Barbara Oakley knows firsthand how it feels to struggle with math. In her book, she offers you the tools needed to get a better grasp of that intimidating but inescapable field.
Author: Ali Zarghami
Publisher: Quality Press
ISBN: 0873899555
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Book Description
