Author: Thomas Stienstra
Publisher: Wild Earth Press
ISBN: 0983984433
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 47
Book Description
FIXED-LAYOUT VERSION Sierra Crossing is the story and photographs that describe and capture the epic 70-mile crossing of the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range from east to west, as the first pioneers and trailblazers would have seen it. As a week-long trek, it is an adventure anybody from across America could aspire to. Author Tom Stienstra and photographer Michael Furniss provide a seat at their nightly campfires, and with it, a rare glimpse of a little-known land and what it takes to see it. The trek starts from the flank of Mount Whitney, at 14,497 feet the highest point in the Lower 48, and then ranges over the Sierra Crest, down a 5,000-foot deep canyon, then up and over the Great Western Divide to Sequoia National Park at the foot of the western Sierra. In the process, the stories describe how three outdoorsmen walked in the footsteps of trailblazers and explorers. They detail an experience similar to that required by pioneers 200 years ago, across a pristine landscape that looks much as it did 5,000 years ago. It thus is a journey into the past, yet one that is still up to date. This trek reveals the towering canyon rims, ancient virgin forests, pristine lakes and creeks, waterfalls and hot springs, and wildlife for which each visitor is a curiosity, not a threat. The trout fishing in the remote Kern is among the best of any in the American wilderness. The streams are the purest in America. People are scarce and litter nonexistent. The narrative and photography captures both the outdoor experience and the timeless sense of the epic landscape.
Sierra Crossing: The epic trek you can do in a week
Author: Thomas Stienstra
Publisher: Wild Earth Press
ISBN: 0983984433
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 47
Book Description
FIXED-LAYOUT VERSION Sierra Crossing is the story and photographs that describe and capture the epic 70-mile crossing of the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range from east to west, as the first pioneers and trailblazers would have seen it. As a week-long trek, it is an adventure anybody from across America could aspire to. Author Tom Stienstra and photographer Michael Furniss provide a seat at their nightly campfires, and with it, a rare glimpse of a little-known land and what it takes to see it. The trek starts from the flank of Mount Whitney, at 14,497 feet the highest point in the Lower 48, and then ranges over the Sierra Crest, down a 5,000-foot deep canyon, then up and over the Great Western Divide to Sequoia National Park at the foot of the western Sierra. In the process, the stories describe how three outdoorsmen walked in the footsteps of trailblazers and explorers. They detail an experience similar to that required by pioneers 200 years ago, across a pristine landscape that looks much as it did 5,000 years ago. It thus is a journey into the past, yet one that is still up to date. This trek reveals the towering canyon rims, ancient virgin forests, pristine lakes and creeks, waterfalls and hot springs, and wildlife for which each visitor is a curiosity, not a threat. The trout fishing in the remote Kern is among the best of any in the American wilderness. The streams are the purest in America. People are scarce and litter nonexistent. The narrative and photography captures both the outdoor experience and the timeless sense of the epic landscape.
Publisher: Wild Earth Press
ISBN: 0983984433
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 47
Book Description
FIXED-LAYOUT VERSION Sierra Crossing is the story and photographs that describe and capture the epic 70-mile crossing of the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range from east to west, as the first pioneers and trailblazers would have seen it. As a week-long trek, it is an adventure anybody from across America could aspire to. Author Tom Stienstra and photographer Michael Furniss provide a seat at their nightly campfires, and with it, a rare glimpse of a little-known land and what it takes to see it. The trek starts from the flank of Mount Whitney, at 14,497 feet the highest point in the Lower 48, and then ranges over the Sierra Crest, down a 5,000-foot deep canyon, then up and over the Great Western Divide to Sequoia National Park at the foot of the western Sierra. In the process, the stories describe how three outdoorsmen walked in the footsteps of trailblazers and explorers. They detail an experience similar to that required by pioneers 200 years ago, across a pristine landscape that looks much as it did 5,000 years ago. It thus is a journey into the past, yet one that is still up to date. This trek reveals the towering canyon rims, ancient virgin forests, pristine lakes and creeks, waterfalls and hot springs, and wildlife for which each visitor is a curiosity, not a threat. The trout fishing in the remote Kern is among the best of any in the American wilderness. The streams are the purest in America. People are scarce and litter nonexistent. The narrative and photography captures both the outdoor experience and the timeless sense of the epic landscape.
The Sierra High Route
Author: Steve Roper
Publisher: The Mountaineers Books
ISBN: 9780898865066
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
No ordinary guidebook, Sierra High Route leads you from point to point through a spectacular 195-mile timberline route in California's High Sierra. The route follows a general direction but no particular trail, thus causing little or no impact and allowing hikers to experience the beautiful sub-alpine region of the High Sierra in a unique way.
Publisher: The Mountaineers Books
ISBN: 9780898865066
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
No ordinary guidebook, Sierra High Route leads you from point to point through a spectacular 195-mile timberline route in California's High Sierra. The route follows a general direction but no particular trail, thus causing little or no impact and allowing hikers to experience the beautiful sub-alpine region of the High Sierra in a unique way.
Epic Journeys
Author: National Geographic
Publisher: National Geographic
ISBN: 1426220618
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
With more than 300 vivid photographs, this inspirational guide reveals the planet's best destinations for hikers, skiers, divers, rafters, and more. Combining adventure with cultural experiences, this one-of-a-kind collection leads readers to new heights of exploration.
Publisher: National Geographic
ISBN: 1426220618
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
With more than 300 vivid photographs, this inspirational guide reveals the planet's best destinations for hikers, skiers, divers, rafters, and more. Combining adventure with cultural experiences, this one-of-a-kind collection leads readers to new heights of exploration.
Sierra Grand Traverse
Author: John & Monica Chapman
Publisher: Mountaineers Books
ISBN: 1680516191
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 357
Book Description
2023 Banff Mountain Book Award finalist in Guidebooks Detailed topographic maps and elevation profiles depict the entire route Sections about planning, preparation, transportation, acclimatization, resupplying food, permits, maps, suggested itineraries, and safety Includes photographs, alternative routes, and side trips, plus history, geology, flora, and fauna Sierra Grand Traverse offers experienced hikers an epic route across one of the world’s greatest mountain ranges. Designed by experienced hikers and writers John and Monica Chapman, this 200-mile-long traverse begins in Tuolumne Meadows in Yosemite National Park and heads through the High Sierra south to Mount Whitney and then on to Horseshoe Meadows. The challenging, but approachable adventure winds through five wilderness areas spread across three national parks and two national forests. While some of the traverse follows well-defined trails, it starts at 8,580 feet and hikers spend most of their time between 9,000 and 12,000 feet--reveling in the open ridges and stunning vistas above treeline. With 56,000 feet of elevation change and crossing 41 mountain passes, this route requires solid navigation skills and careful planning and preparation--more than half of it is off-trail. But for determined hikers, the adventure of a lifetime awaits.
Publisher: Mountaineers Books
ISBN: 1680516191
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 357
Book Description
2023 Banff Mountain Book Award finalist in Guidebooks Detailed topographic maps and elevation profiles depict the entire route Sections about planning, preparation, transportation, acclimatization, resupplying food, permits, maps, suggested itineraries, and safety Includes photographs, alternative routes, and side trips, plus history, geology, flora, and fauna Sierra Grand Traverse offers experienced hikers an epic route across one of the world’s greatest mountain ranges. Designed by experienced hikers and writers John and Monica Chapman, this 200-mile-long traverse begins in Tuolumne Meadows in Yosemite National Park and heads through the High Sierra south to Mount Whitney and then on to Horseshoe Meadows. The challenging, but approachable adventure winds through five wilderness areas spread across three national parks and two national forests. While some of the traverse follows well-defined trails, it starts at 8,580 feet and hikers spend most of their time between 9,000 and 12,000 feet--reveling in the open ridges and stunning vistas above treeline. With 56,000 feet of elevation change and crossing 41 mountain passes, this route requires solid navigation skills and careful planning and preparation--more than half of it is off-trail. But for determined hikers, the adventure of a lifetime awaits.
Lonely Planet Experience USA
Author: Lonely Planet
Publisher: Lonely Planet
ISBN: 1787019632
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 311
Book Description
Lonely Planet: The world’s leading travel guide publisher Lonely Planet Experience USA is your passport to majestic nature, epic journeys, cultural powerhouses and out-of-this-world experiences. We take readers on a journey through sprawling cities, small towns, great plains, snow-capped mountains and redwood forests. Go road-tripping down the Pacific Coast Highway, learn how to spy a bear in the wild, discover where to find the USA’s best Chinatowns, and more. This new part-pictorial, part-guidebook is built around themes that introduce the reader to the heart of the USA. This photo-rich, hardback guide is packed with practical trip-planning tips and information on the most authentic local sights and activities. It’s perfect for seasoned travelers looking to discover something new or previously undiscovered. Includes over 90 experiences stretching across the USA Multiple ways to navigate the book - thematically, geographically, or by interest Hundreds of stunning photos on gloss paper stock Lonely Planet Experience USA is presented across five themes: Big & bold: Majestic nature, epic journeys & cultural powerhouses Americanarama: Cars, bourbon, barbecue & the american spirit Melting pot: A multicultural blend of irresistible cuisine, music & customs Innovation & creation: World-famous arts, music & culture Surprising experiences: The underrated, unexpected & downright mysterious Get to the heart of the USA and begin your journey now! eBook Features: (Best viewed on tablet devices and smartphones) Downloadable PDF and offline maps prevent roaming and data charges Effortlessly navigate and jump between maps and reviews Add notes to personalise your guidebook experience Seamlessly flip between pages Bookmarks and speedy search capabilities get you to key pages in a flash Embedded links to recommendations' websites Zoom-in maps and images Inbuilt dictionary for quick referencing The Perfect Choice: Lonely Planet Experience USA covers both top sights and roads less travelled and is the perfect place to start getting inspired and mapping out an itinerary for an upcoming trip. Once you’ve decided where you’re headed in the USA, check out the relevant Lonely Planet USA destination travel guides for even more detailed itinerary planning. About Lonely Planet: Lonely Planet is a leading travel media company and the world’s number one travel guidebook brand, providing both inspiring and trustworthy information for every kind of traveller since 1973. Over the past four decades, we’ve printed over 145 million guidebooks and grown a dedicated, passionate global community of travellers. You’ll also find our content online, on mobile, video and in 14 languages, 12 international magazines, armchair and lifestyle books, ebooks, and more. Written by Mark Andrew, Amy Balfour, Sarah Baxter, Andrew Bender, Sara Benson, Alison Bing, Paul Bloomfield, Nate Cavalieri, Garth Cartwright, Lisa Dunford, Bailey Freeman, David Gorvett, Tom Hall, Alexander Howard, Lauren Keith, Leah Koenig, Mariella Krause, Alex Leviton, Emily Matchar, Joe Minihane, Tim Moore, Wayne Murphy, Sarah Maslin Nir, Trisha Ping, Christopher Pitts, Andrea Sachs, Brendan Sainsbury, Simon Sellars, Adam Skolnick, Regis St Louis, Marcel Theroux and Karla Zimmerman. Important Notice: The digital edition of this book may not contain all of the images found in the physical edition.
Publisher: Lonely Planet
ISBN: 1787019632
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 311
Book Description
Lonely Planet: The world’s leading travel guide publisher Lonely Planet Experience USA is your passport to majestic nature, epic journeys, cultural powerhouses and out-of-this-world experiences. We take readers on a journey through sprawling cities, small towns, great plains, snow-capped mountains and redwood forests. Go road-tripping down the Pacific Coast Highway, learn how to spy a bear in the wild, discover where to find the USA’s best Chinatowns, and more. This new part-pictorial, part-guidebook is built around themes that introduce the reader to the heart of the USA. This photo-rich, hardback guide is packed with practical trip-planning tips and information on the most authentic local sights and activities. It’s perfect for seasoned travelers looking to discover something new or previously undiscovered. Includes over 90 experiences stretching across the USA Multiple ways to navigate the book - thematically, geographically, or by interest Hundreds of stunning photos on gloss paper stock Lonely Planet Experience USA is presented across five themes: Big & bold: Majestic nature, epic journeys & cultural powerhouses Americanarama: Cars, bourbon, barbecue & the american spirit Melting pot: A multicultural blend of irresistible cuisine, music & customs Innovation & creation: World-famous arts, music & culture Surprising experiences: The underrated, unexpected & downright mysterious Get to the heart of the USA and begin your journey now! eBook Features: (Best viewed on tablet devices and smartphones) Downloadable PDF and offline maps prevent roaming and data charges Effortlessly navigate and jump between maps and reviews Add notes to personalise your guidebook experience Seamlessly flip between pages Bookmarks and speedy search capabilities get you to key pages in a flash Embedded links to recommendations' websites Zoom-in maps and images Inbuilt dictionary for quick referencing The Perfect Choice: Lonely Planet Experience USA covers both top sights and roads less travelled and is the perfect place to start getting inspired and mapping out an itinerary for an upcoming trip. Once you’ve decided where you’re headed in the USA, check out the relevant Lonely Planet USA destination travel guides for even more detailed itinerary planning. About Lonely Planet: Lonely Planet is a leading travel media company and the world’s number one travel guidebook brand, providing both inspiring and trustworthy information for every kind of traveller since 1973. Over the past four decades, we’ve printed over 145 million guidebooks and grown a dedicated, passionate global community of travellers. You’ll also find our content online, on mobile, video and in 14 languages, 12 international magazines, armchair and lifestyle books, ebooks, and more. Written by Mark Andrew, Amy Balfour, Sarah Baxter, Andrew Bender, Sara Benson, Alison Bing, Paul Bloomfield, Nate Cavalieri, Garth Cartwright, Lisa Dunford, Bailey Freeman, David Gorvett, Tom Hall, Alexander Howard, Lauren Keith, Leah Koenig, Mariella Krause, Alex Leviton, Emily Matchar, Joe Minihane, Tim Moore, Wayne Murphy, Sarah Maslin Nir, Trisha Ping, Christopher Pitts, Andrea Sachs, Brendan Sainsbury, Simon Sellars, Adam Skolnick, Regis St Louis, Marcel Theroux and Karla Zimmerman. Important Notice: The digital edition of this book may not contain all of the images found in the physical edition.
Backpacker
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Eastern Sierra and Death Valley Camping with Privacy
Author: Kimberly Wilkes
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781515196204
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 462
Book Description
Your Ultimate Guide To Finding The Most Peaceful Campsites In The Eastern Sierra And Death Valley Do you like privacy when you're camping? Do you hate camping a few feet away from people who talk loud into quiet hours? Or maybe you don't want a neighbor's light blocking your view of the stars at night. On recreation.gov, it's impossible to know for sure exactly which campsites have the most privacy or are farthest away from the neighbors. Some campsites look like they're too close together, but they have a hill, rock formation, or lots of vegetation in between and have plenty of privacy. Other sites look like they're far apart, but they're in an open meadow in clear view of the neighbors. You might end up reserving a space you thought had lots of privacy only to discover your neighbors are a little too close for comfort. And for first-come, first-served campgrounds, knowing the location of the really good spots means you can beat the crowds to the choice campsites. That's why Kimberly and Patrick Wilkes looked at 3,416 campsites in the Eastern Sierra and Death Valley in order to find out which ones have the most privacy-then they critiqued and rated each privacy-worthy site. The most comprehensive camping travel guide for the Eastern Sierra and Death Valley, the book is the only one of its kind on the market because it describes the privacy of individual campsites, not just the campground as a whole. Kimberly and Patrick will help you carve out your own slice of serenity in the Eastern Sierra and Death Valley by showing you exactly which campsites are the most peaceful and private near Mammoth Lakes, June Lakes, Hope Valley, Sonora Pass, Twin Lakes/Bridgeport, Tuolumne Meadows, Convict Lake, Mount Whitney, Grandview Campground, Death Valley-and everything in between. Campers should buy this travel guide because: It will reduce your risk of camping too close to a loud neighbor because it points out the campsites that have lots of elbow room. When you buy this travel guide, you'll know how far away a given campsite is from its neighbors. While the book can't guarantee you'll be entirely out of sound's reach or that you'll never have a rowdy neighbor, it'll help you find a spot that will minimize the noise-meaning you're more likely to get a good night's sleep and have a peaceful visit. It will make reserving a campsite on recreation.gov a lot easier. It will save you time because you won't have to scrutinize the map to figure out whether or not the neighboring campsite is too close or too visible. You'll know which campsite is the best choice for you, so that when you arrive you won't be disappointed that it's less private than you envisioned. You'll find out about two campsites where you never want to pitch a tent during the monsoonal rain-or risk waking up in a flood. You'll know which campsites are plagued by road noise-and which roadside campsites are so nice it may be worth bringing along ear plugs. Anglers will find out the best campsites where you can fish a few steps away from the picnic table. The handy guide at the end of the book lists each of these campsites. The paperback version features black and white photos of select campsites. The Kindle version features color photos for Kindles that have color capability. Eastern Sierra And Death Valley Camping With Privacy will save you the time of having to search for that perfect campsite because you'll know exactly which campground to visit first or which campsite to reserve online. If you like privacy while camping, this book will give you the peace of mind of knowing the campsite you reserved is exactly what you wanted, allowing you to relax and rejuvenate in one of the most beautiful places on the planet.
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781515196204
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 462
Book Description
Your Ultimate Guide To Finding The Most Peaceful Campsites In The Eastern Sierra And Death Valley Do you like privacy when you're camping? Do you hate camping a few feet away from people who talk loud into quiet hours? Or maybe you don't want a neighbor's light blocking your view of the stars at night. On recreation.gov, it's impossible to know for sure exactly which campsites have the most privacy or are farthest away from the neighbors. Some campsites look like they're too close together, but they have a hill, rock formation, or lots of vegetation in between and have plenty of privacy. Other sites look like they're far apart, but they're in an open meadow in clear view of the neighbors. You might end up reserving a space you thought had lots of privacy only to discover your neighbors are a little too close for comfort. And for first-come, first-served campgrounds, knowing the location of the really good spots means you can beat the crowds to the choice campsites. That's why Kimberly and Patrick Wilkes looked at 3,416 campsites in the Eastern Sierra and Death Valley in order to find out which ones have the most privacy-then they critiqued and rated each privacy-worthy site. The most comprehensive camping travel guide for the Eastern Sierra and Death Valley, the book is the only one of its kind on the market because it describes the privacy of individual campsites, not just the campground as a whole. Kimberly and Patrick will help you carve out your own slice of serenity in the Eastern Sierra and Death Valley by showing you exactly which campsites are the most peaceful and private near Mammoth Lakes, June Lakes, Hope Valley, Sonora Pass, Twin Lakes/Bridgeport, Tuolumne Meadows, Convict Lake, Mount Whitney, Grandview Campground, Death Valley-and everything in between. Campers should buy this travel guide because: It will reduce your risk of camping too close to a loud neighbor because it points out the campsites that have lots of elbow room. When you buy this travel guide, you'll know how far away a given campsite is from its neighbors. While the book can't guarantee you'll be entirely out of sound's reach or that you'll never have a rowdy neighbor, it'll help you find a spot that will minimize the noise-meaning you're more likely to get a good night's sleep and have a peaceful visit. It will make reserving a campsite on recreation.gov a lot easier. It will save you time because you won't have to scrutinize the map to figure out whether or not the neighboring campsite is too close or too visible. You'll know which campsite is the best choice for you, so that when you arrive you won't be disappointed that it's less private than you envisioned. You'll find out about two campsites where you never want to pitch a tent during the monsoonal rain-or risk waking up in a flood. You'll know which campsites are plagued by road noise-and which roadside campsites are so nice it may be worth bringing along ear plugs. Anglers will find out the best campsites where you can fish a few steps away from the picnic table. The handy guide at the end of the book lists each of these campsites. The paperback version features black and white photos of select campsites. The Kindle version features color photos for Kindles that have color capability. Eastern Sierra And Death Valley Camping With Privacy will save you the time of having to search for that perfect campsite because you'll know exactly which campground to visit first or which campsite to reserve online. If you like privacy while camping, this book will give you the peace of mind of knowing the campsite you reserved is exactly what you wanted, allowing you to relax and rejuvenate in one of the most beautiful places on the planet.
Backpacker
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Book Description
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Book Description
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Backpacker
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 96
Book Description
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 96
Book Description
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Backpacker
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 100
Book Description
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 100
Book Description
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.