Shock Tube Studies of the Combustion of Methane/hydrogen/oxygen Mixtures PDF Download
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Author: K. P. Rickson
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: K. P. Rickson
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
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Category : Fuel
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Michael Anthony Valentino
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Author: Richard Boyd Morrison
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Author: Reed W. Forehand
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Shock tubes are as close to an ideal reactor as most modern experiments can attain to examine chemical kinetics. As reaction temperatures drop, homogeneous combustion within a shock tube begins to exhibit inhomogeneous modes, which in a typical Hydrogen-Oxygen system are expressed as deflagration to detonation transition. Experimental results of such a system in the University of Central Florida’s low-pressure shock tube have been collected through end and side-wall imaging to analyze flame structure and chemical kinetics. The purpose of this work is to conduct a baselining of these results using both chemical and computational fluid dynamics modeling. The model will use the Siemens STAR-CCM+ computational fluid dynamics software in order to accurately simulate the system. A seven-step reaction mechanism will be used to accurately capture initialization, propagation, and termination of the combustion within an implicit unsteady, three-dimensional, direct eddy simulation solution on a well-conditioned mesh. The end goal of this study is to create a lightweight model of hydrogen-oxygen combustion with a shock tube for baselining purposes. Both a two- and three- dimensional model were applied in this effort. The simulation results indicate good conditioning and agreement with the experimental results, although some combustion phenomena are not captured as well as a higher fidelity, significantly more computationally expensive model would.
Author: Brian Christopher Walker
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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The combustion behavior of methane and ethane is important to the study of natural gas and other alternative fuels that are comprised primarily of these two basic hydrocarbons. Understanding the transition from methane-dominated ignition kinetics to ethane-dominated kinetics for increasing levels of ethane is also of fundamental interest toward the understanding of hydrocarbon chemical kinetics. Much research has been conducted on the two fuels individually, but experimental data of the combustion of blends of methane and ethane is limited to ratios that recreate typical natural gas compositions (up to ~20% ethane molar concentration). The goal of this study was to provide a comprehensive data set of ignition delay times of the combustion of blends of methane and ethane at near atmospheric pressure.
Author: Shaye Yungster
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Category : Detonation waves
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Author: M. Valentino
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Roger Ronald Craig
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Category : Shock tubes
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Author: John Pemelton
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Category :
Languages : en
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NOx produced during combustion can persist in the exhaust gases of a gas turbine engine in quantities significant to induce regulatory concerns. There has been much research which has led to important insights into NOx chemistry. One method of NOx reduction is exhaust gas recirculation. In exhaust gas recirculation, a portion of the exhaust gases that exit are redirected to the inlet air stream that enters the combustion chamber, along with fuel. Due to the presence of NOx in the exhaust gases which are subsequently introduced into the burner, knowledge of the effects of NOx on combustion is advantageous. Contrary to general NOx research, little has been conducted to investigate the sensitizing effects of NO2 and N2O addition to methane/oxygen combustion. Experiments were made with dilute and real fuel air mixtures of CH4/O2/Ar with the addition of NO2 and N2O. The real fuel air concentrations were made with the addition of NO2 only. The equivalence ratios of mixtures made were 0.5, 1 and 2. The experimental pressure range was 1 - 44 atm and the temperature range tested was 1177--2095 K. The additives NO2 and N2O were added in concentrations from 831 ppm to 3539 ppm. The results of the mixtures with NO2 have a reduction in ignition delay time across the pressure ranges tested, and the mixtures with N2O show a similar trend. At 1.3 atm, the NO2 831 ppm mixture shows a 65% reduction and shows a 75% reduction at 30 atm. The NO2 mixtures showed a higher decrease in ignition time than the N2O mixtures. The real fuel air mixture also showed a reduction. Sensitivity Analyses were performed. The two most dominant reactions in the NO2 mixtures are the reaction O+H2 = O+OH and the reaction CH3+NO2 = CH3O+NO. The presence of this second reaction is the means by which NO2 decreases ignition delay time, which is indicated in the experimental results. The reaction produces CH3O which is reactive and can participate in chain propagating reactions, speeding up ignition. The two dominant reactions for the N2O mixture are the reaction O+H2 = O+OH and, interestingly, the other dominant reaction is the reverse of the initiation reaction in the N2O-mechanism: O+N2+M = N2O+M. The reverse of this reaction is the direct oxidation of nitrous oxide. The O produced in this reaction can then speed up ignition by partaking in propagation reactions, which was experimentally observed.
